| 			DMA Engine API Guide | 
 | 			==================== | 
 |  | 
 | 		 Vinod Koul <vinod dot koul at intel.com> | 
 |  | 
 | NOTE: For DMA Engine usage in async_tx please see: | 
 | 	Documentation/crypto/async-tx-api.txt | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | Below is a guide to device driver writers on how to use the Slave-DMA API of the | 
 | DMA Engine. This is applicable only for slave DMA usage only. | 
 |  | 
 | The slave DMA usage consists of following steps: | 
 | 1. Allocate a DMA slave channel | 
 | 2. Set slave and controller specific parameters | 
 | 3. Get a descriptor for transaction | 
 | 4. Submit the transaction | 
 | 5. Issue pending requests and wait for callback notification | 
 |  | 
 | 1. Allocate a DMA slave channel | 
 |  | 
 |    Channel allocation is slightly different in the slave DMA context, | 
 |    client drivers typically need a channel from a particular DMA | 
 |    controller only and even in some cases a specific channel is desired. | 
 |    To request a channel dma_request_chan() API is used. | 
 |  | 
 |    Interface: | 
 | 	struct dma_chan *dma_request_chan(struct device *dev, const char *name); | 
 |  | 
 |    Which will find and return the 'name' DMA channel associated with the 'dev' | 
 |    device. The association is done via DT, ACPI or board file based | 
 |    dma_slave_map matching table. | 
 |  | 
 |    A channel allocated via this interface is exclusive to the caller, | 
 |    until dma_release_channel() is called. | 
 |  | 
 | 2. Set slave and controller specific parameters | 
 |  | 
 |    Next step is always to pass some specific information to the DMA | 
 |    driver.  Most of the generic information which a slave DMA can use | 
 |    is in struct dma_slave_config.  This allows the clients to specify | 
 |    DMA direction, DMA addresses, bus widths, DMA burst lengths etc | 
 |    for the peripheral. | 
 |  | 
 |    If some DMA controllers have more parameters to be sent then they | 
 |    should try to embed struct dma_slave_config in their controller | 
 |    specific structure. That gives flexibility to client to pass more | 
 |    parameters, if required. | 
 |  | 
 |    Interface: | 
 | 	int dmaengine_slave_config(struct dma_chan *chan, | 
 | 				  struct dma_slave_config *config) | 
 |  | 
 |    Please see the dma_slave_config structure definition in dmaengine.h | 
 |    for a detailed explanation of the struct members.  Please note | 
 |    that the 'direction' member will be going away as it duplicates the | 
 |    direction given in the prepare call. | 
 |  | 
 | 3. Get a descriptor for transaction | 
 |  | 
 |    For slave usage the various modes of slave transfers supported by the | 
 |    DMA-engine are: | 
 |  | 
 |    slave_sg	- DMA a list of scatter gather buffers from/to a peripheral | 
 |    dma_cyclic	- Perform a cyclic DMA operation from/to a peripheral till the | 
 | 		  operation is explicitly stopped. | 
 |    interleaved_dma - This is common to Slave as well as M2M clients. For slave | 
 | 		 address of devices' fifo could be already known to the driver. | 
 | 		 Various types of operations could be expressed by setting | 
 | 		 appropriate values to the 'dma_interleaved_template' members. | 
 |  | 
 |    A non-NULL return of this transfer API represents a "descriptor" for | 
 |    the given transaction. | 
 |  | 
 |    Interface: | 
 | 	struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *dmaengine_prep_slave_sg( | 
 | 		struct dma_chan *chan, struct scatterlist *sgl, | 
 | 		unsigned int sg_len, enum dma_data_direction direction, | 
 | 		unsigned long flags); | 
 |  | 
 | 	struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *dmaengine_prep_dma_cyclic( | 
 | 		struct dma_chan *chan, dma_addr_t buf_addr, size_t buf_len, | 
 | 		size_t period_len, enum dma_data_direction direction); | 
 |  | 
 | 	struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *dmaengine_prep_interleaved_dma( | 
 | 		struct dma_chan *chan, struct dma_interleaved_template *xt, | 
 | 		unsigned long flags); | 
 |  | 
 |    The peripheral driver is expected to have mapped the scatterlist for | 
 |    the DMA operation prior to calling dmaengine_prep_slave_sg(), and must | 
 |    keep the scatterlist mapped until the DMA operation has completed. | 
 |    The scatterlist must be mapped using the DMA struct device. | 
 |    If a mapping needs to be synchronized later, dma_sync_*_for_*() must be | 
 |    called using the DMA struct device, too. | 
 |    So, normal setup should look like this: | 
 |  | 
 | 	nr_sg = dma_map_sg(chan->device->dev, sgl, sg_len); | 
 | 	if (nr_sg == 0) | 
 | 		/* error */ | 
 |  | 
 | 	desc = dmaengine_prep_slave_sg(chan, sgl, nr_sg, direction, flags); | 
 |  | 
 |    Once a descriptor has been obtained, the callback information can be | 
 |    added and the descriptor must then be submitted.  Some DMA engine | 
 |    drivers may hold a spinlock between a successful preparation and | 
 |    submission so it is important that these two operations are closely | 
 |    paired. | 
 |  | 
 |    Note: | 
 | 	Although the async_tx API specifies that completion callback | 
 | 	routines cannot submit any new operations, this is not the | 
 | 	case for slave/cyclic DMA. | 
 |  | 
 | 	For slave DMA, the subsequent transaction may not be available | 
 | 	for submission prior to callback function being invoked, so | 
 | 	slave DMA callbacks are permitted to prepare and submit a new | 
 | 	transaction. | 
 |  | 
 | 	For cyclic DMA, a callback function may wish to terminate the | 
 | 	DMA via dmaengine_terminate_async(). | 
 |  | 
 | 	Therefore, it is important that DMA engine drivers drop any | 
 | 	locks before calling the callback function which may cause a | 
 | 	deadlock. | 
 |  | 
 | 	Note that callbacks will always be invoked from the DMA | 
 | 	engines tasklet, never from interrupt context. | 
 |  | 
 | 4. Submit the transaction | 
 |  | 
 |    Once the descriptor has been prepared and the callback information | 
 |    added, it must be placed on the DMA engine drivers pending queue. | 
 |  | 
 |    Interface: | 
 | 	dma_cookie_t dmaengine_submit(struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *desc) | 
 |  | 
 |    This returns a cookie can be used to check the progress of DMA engine | 
 |    activity via other DMA engine calls not covered in this document. | 
 |  | 
 |    dmaengine_submit() will not start the DMA operation, it merely adds | 
 |    it to the pending queue.  For this, see step 5, dma_async_issue_pending. | 
 |  | 
 | 5. Issue pending DMA requests and wait for callback notification | 
 |  | 
 |    The transactions in the pending queue can be activated by calling the | 
 |    issue_pending API. If channel is idle then the first transaction in | 
 |    queue is started and subsequent ones queued up. | 
 |  | 
 |    On completion of each DMA operation, the next in queue is started and | 
 |    a tasklet triggered. The tasklet will then call the client driver | 
 |    completion callback routine for notification, if set. | 
 |  | 
 |    Interface: | 
 | 	void dma_async_issue_pending(struct dma_chan *chan); | 
 |  | 
 | Further APIs: | 
 |  | 
 | 1. int dmaengine_terminate_sync(struct dma_chan *chan) | 
 |    int dmaengine_terminate_async(struct dma_chan *chan) | 
 |    int dmaengine_terminate_all(struct dma_chan *chan) /* DEPRECATED */ | 
 |  | 
 |    This causes all activity for the DMA channel to be stopped, and may | 
 |    discard data in the DMA FIFO which hasn't been fully transferred. | 
 |    No callback functions will be called for any incomplete transfers. | 
 |  | 
 |    Two variants of this function are available. | 
 |  | 
 |    dmaengine_terminate_async() might not wait until the DMA has been fully | 
 |    stopped or until any running complete callbacks have finished. But it is | 
 |    possible to call dmaengine_terminate_async() from atomic context or from | 
 |    within a complete callback. dmaengine_synchronize() must be called before it | 
 |    is safe to free the memory accessed by the DMA transfer or free resources | 
 |    accessed from within the complete callback. | 
 |  | 
 |    dmaengine_terminate_sync() will wait for the transfer and any running | 
 |    complete callbacks to finish before it returns. But the function must not be | 
 |    called from atomic context or from within a complete callback. | 
 |  | 
 |    dmaengine_terminate_all() is deprecated and should not be used in new code. | 
 |  | 
 | 2. int dmaengine_pause(struct dma_chan *chan) | 
 |  | 
 |    This pauses activity on the DMA channel without data loss. | 
 |  | 
 | 3. int dmaengine_resume(struct dma_chan *chan) | 
 |  | 
 |    Resume a previously paused DMA channel.  It is invalid to resume a | 
 |    channel which is not currently paused. | 
 |  | 
 | 4. enum dma_status dma_async_is_tx_complete(struct dma_chan *chan, | 
 |         dma_cookie_t cookie, dma_cookie_t *last, dma_cookie_t *used) | 
 |  | 
 |    This can be used to check the status of the channel.  Please see | 
 |    the documentation in include/linux/dmaengine.h for a more complete | 
 |    description of this API. | 
 |  | 
 |    This can be used in conjunction with dma_async_is_complete() and | 
 |    the cookie returned from dmaengine_submit() to check for | 
 |    completion of a specific DMA transaction. | 
 |  | 
 |    Note: | 
 | 	Not all DMA engine drivers can return reliable information for | 
 | 	a running DMA channel.  It is recommended that DMA engine users | 
 | 	pause or stop (via dmaengine_terminate_all()) the channel before | 
 | 	using this API. | 
 |  | 
 | 5. void dmaengine_synchronize(struct dma_chan *chan) | 
 |  | 
 |   Synchronize the termination of the DMA channel to the current context. | 
 |  | 
 |   This function should be used after dmaengine_terminate_async() to synchronize | 
 |   the termination of the DMA channel to the current context. The function will | 
 |   wait for the transfer and any running complete callbacks to finish before it | 
 |   returns. | 
 |  | 
 |   If dmaengine_terminate_async() is used to stop the DMA channel this function | 
 |   must be called before it is safe to free memory accessed by previously | 
 |   submitted descriptors or to free any resources accessed within the complete | 
 |   callback of previously submitted descriptors. | 
 |  | 
 |   The behavior of this function is undefined if dma_async_issue_pending() has | 
 |   been called between dmaengine_terminate_async() and this function. |