// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * ring buffer based function tracer
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
 * Copyright (C) 2008 Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
 *
 * Originally taken from the RT patch by:
 *    Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
 *
 * Based on code from the latency_tracer, that is:
 *  Copyright (C) 2004-2006 Ingo Molnar
 *  Copyright (C) 2004 Nadia Yvette Chambers
 */
#include <linux/ring_buffer.h>
#include <linux/utsname.h>
#include <linux/stacktrace.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/irqflags.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/debugfs.h>
#include <linux/tracefs.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/hardirq.h>
#include <linux/linkage.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/cleanup.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/ftrace.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/splice.h>
#include <linux/kdebug.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/rwsem.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/panic_notifier.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
#include <linux/nmi.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/trace.h>
#include <linux/sched/clock.h>
#include <linux/sched/rt.h>
#include <linux/irq_work.h>
#include <linux/workqueue.h>
#include <linux/sort.h>
#include <linux/io.h> /* vmap_page_range() */
#include <linux/fs_context.h>

#include <asm/setup.h> /* COMMAND_LINE_SIZE */

#include "trace.h"
#include "trace_output.h"

#ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_STARTUP_TEST
/*
 * We need to change this state when a selftest is running.
 * A selftest will lurk into the ring-buffer to count the
 * entries inserted during the selftest although some concurrent
 * insertions into the ring-buffer such as trace_printk could occurred
 * at the same time, giving false positive or negative results.
 */
bool __read_mostly tracing_selftest_running;

/*
 * If boot-time tracing including tracers/events via kernel cmdline
 * is running, we do not want to run SELFTEST.
 */
bool __read_mostly tracing_selftest_disabled;

void __init disable_tracing_selftest(const char *reason)
{
	if (!tracing_selftest_disabled) {
		tracing_selftest_disabled = true;
		pr_info("Ftrace startup test is disabled due to %s\n", reason);
	}
}
#else
#define tracing_selftest_disabled	0
#endif

/* Pipe tracepoints to printk */
static struct trace_iterator *tracepoint_print_iter;
static int tracepoint_printk;
static bool tracepoint_printk_stop_on_boot __initdata;
static bool traceoff_after_boot __initdata;
static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(tracepoint_printk_key);

/* Store tracers and their flags per instance */
struct tracers {
	struct list_head	list;
	struct tracer		*tracer;
	struct tracer_flags	*flags;
};

/*
 * Tracers that do not define their own flags use these empty flags,
 * as tr->current_trace_flags must never be NULL.
 */
static struct tracer_flags no_tracer_flags;

/*
 * To prevent the comm cache from being overwritten when no
 * tracing is active, only save the comm when a trace event
 * occurred.
 */
DEFINE_PER_CPU(bool, trace_taskinfo_save);

/*
 * Kill all tracing for good (never come back).
 * It is initialized to 1 but will turn to zero if the initialization
 * of the tracer is successful. But that is the only place that sets
 * this back to zero.
 */
int tracing_disabled = 1;

cpumask_var_t __read_mostly	tracing_buffer_mask;

#define MAX_TRACER_SIZE		100
/*
 * ftrace_dump_on_oops - variable to dump ftrace buffer on oops
 *
 * If there is an oops (or kernel panic) and the ftrace_dump_on_oops
 * is set, then ftrace_dump is called. This will output the contents
 * of the ftrace buffers to the console.  This is very useful for
 * capturing traces that lead to crashes and outputting it to a
 * serial console.
 *
 * It is default off, but you can enable it with either specifying
 * "ftrace_dump_on_oops" in the kernel command line, or setting
 * /proc/sys/kernel/ftrace_dump_on_oops
 * Set 1 if you want to dump buffers of all CPUs
 * Set 2 if you want to dump the buffer of the CPU that triggered oops
 * Set instance name if you want to dump the specific trace instance
 * Multiple instance dump is also supported, and instances are separated
 * by commas.
 */
/* Set to string format zero to disable by default */
static char ftrace_dump_on_oops[MAX_TRACER_SIZE] = "0";

/* When set, tracing will stop when a WARN*() is hit */
static int __disable_trace_on_warning;

int tracepoint_printk_sysctl(const struct ctl_table *table, int write,
			     void *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos);
static const struct ctl_table trace_sysctl_table[] = {
	{
		.procname	= "ftrace_dump_on_oops",
		.data		= &ftrace_dump_on_oops,
		.maxlen		= MAX_TRACER_SIZE,
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dostring,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "traceoff_on_warning",
		.data		= &__disable_trace_on_warning,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(__disable_trace_on_warning),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "tracepoint_printk",
		.data		= &tracepoint_printk,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(tracepoint_printk),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= tracepoint_printk_sysctl,
	},
};

static int __init init_trace_sysctls(void)
{
	register_sysctl_init("kernel", trace_sysctl_table);
	return 0;
}
subsys_initcall(init_trace_sysctls);

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_EVAL_MAP_FILE
/* Map of enums to their values, for "eval_map" file */
struct trace_eval_map_head {
	struct module			*mod;
	unsigned long			length;
};

union trace_eval_map_item;

struct trace_eval_map_tail {
	/*
	 * "end" is first and points to NULL as it must be different
	 * than "mod" or "eval_string"
	 */
	union trace_eval_map_item	*next;
	const char			*end;	/* points to NULL */
};

static DEFINE_MUTEX(trace_eval_mutex);

/*
 * The trace_eval_maps are saved in an array with two extra elements,
 * one at the beginning, and one at the end. The beginning item contains
 * the count of the saved maps (head.length), and the module they
 * belong to if not built in (head.mod). The ending item contains a
 * pointer to the next array of saved eval_map items.
 */
union trace_eval_map_item {
	struct trace_eval_map		map;
	struct trace_eval_map_head	head;
	struct trace_eval_map_tail	tail;
};

static union trace_eval_map_item *trace_eval_maps;
#endif /* CONFIG_TRACE_EVAL_MAP_FILE */

int tracing_set_tracer(struct trace_array *tr, const char *buf);
static void ftrace_trace_userstack(struct trace_array *tr,
				   struct trace_buffer *buffer,
				   unsigned int trace_ctx);

static char bootup_tracer_buf[MAX_TRACER_SIZE] __initdata;
static char *default_bootup_tracer;

static char boot_instance_info[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata;
static int boot_instance_index;

/*
 * Repeated boot parameters, including Bootconfig array expansions, need
 * to stay in the delimiter form that the existing parser consumes.
 */
void __init trace_append_boot_param(char *buf, const char *str, char sep,
				    int size)
{
	int len, needed, str_len;

	if (!*str)
		return;

	len = strlen(buf);
	str_len = strlen(str);
	needed = len + str_len + 1;

	/* For continuation, account for the separator. */
	if (len)
		needed++;
	if (needed > size)
		return;

	if (len)
		buf[len++] = sep;

	strscpy(buf + len, str, size - len);
}

static int __init set_cmdline_ftrace(char *str)
{
	strscpy(bootup_tracer_buf, str, MAX_TRACER_SIZE);
	default_bootup_tracer = bootup_tracer_buf;
	/* We are using ftrace early, expand it */
	trace_set_ring_buffer_expanded(NULL);
	return 1;
}
__setup("ftrace=", set_cmdline_ftrace);

int ftrace_dump_on_oops_enabled(void)
{
	if (!strcmp("0", ftrace_dump_on_oops))
		return 0;
	else
		return 1;
}

static int __init set_ftrace_dump_on_oops(char *str)
{
	if (!*str) {
		strscpy(ftrace_dump_on_oops, "1", MAX_TRACER_SIZE);
		return 1;
	}

	if (*str == ',') {
		strscpy(ftrace_dump_on_oops, "1", MAX_TRACER_SIZE);
		strscpy(ftrace_dump_on_oops + 1, str, MAX_TRACER_SIZE - 1);
		return 1;
	}

	if (*str++ == '=') {
		strscpy(ftrace_dump_on_oops, str, MAX_TRACER_SIZE);
		return 1;
	}

	return 0;
}
__setup("ftrace_dump_on_oops", set_ftrace_dump_on_oops);

static int __init stop_trace_on_warning(char *str)
{
	if ((strcmp(str, "=0") != 0 && strcmp(str, "=off") != 0))
		__disable_trace_on_warning = 1;
	return 1;
}
__setup("traceoff_on_warning", stop_trace_on_warning);

static int __init boot_instance(char *str)
{
	char *slot = boot_instance_info + boot_instance_index;
	int left = sizeof(boot_instance_info) - boot_instance_index;
	int ret;

	if (strlen(str) >= left)
		return -1;

	ret = snprintf(slot, left, "%s\t", str);
	boot_instance_index += ret;

	return 1;
}
__setup("trace_instance=", boot_instance);


static char trace_boot_options_buf[MAX_TRACER_SIZE] __initdata;

static int __init set_trace_boot_options(char *str)
{
	trace_append_boot_param(trace_boot_options_buf, str, ',',
				MAX_TRACER_SIZE);
	return 1;
}
__setup("trace_options=", set_trace_boot_options);

static char trace_boot_clock_buf[MAX_TRACER_SIZE] __initdata;
static char *trace_boot_clock __initdata;

static int __init set_trace_boot_clock(char *str)
{
	strscpy(trace_boot_clock_buf, str, MAX_TRACER_SIZE);
	trace_boot_clock = trace_boot_clock_buf;
	return 1;
}
__setup("trace_clock=", set_trace_boot_clock);

static int __init set_tracepoint_printk(char *str)
{
	/* Ignore the "tp_printk_stop_on_boot" param */
	if (*str == '_')
		return 0;

	if ((strcmp(str, "=0") != 0 && strcmp(str, "=off") != 0))
		tracepoint_printk = 1;
	return 1;
}
__setup("tp_printk", set_tracepoint_printk);

static int __init set_tracepoint_printk_stop(char *str)
{
	tracepoint_printk_stop_on_boot = true;
	return 1;
}
__setup("tp_printk_stop_on_boot", set_tracepoint_printk_stop);

static int __init set_traceoff_after_boot(char *str)
{
	traceoff_after_boot = true;
	return 1;
}
__setup("traceoff_after_boot", set_traceoff_after_boot);

unsigned long long ns2usecs(u64 nsec)
{
	nsec += 500;
	do_div(nsec, 1000);
	return nsec;
}

static void
trace_process_export(struct trace_export *export,
	       struct ring_buffer_event *event, int flag)
{
	struct trace_entry *entry;
	unsigned int size = 0;

	if (export->flags & flag) {
		entry = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
		size = ring_buffer_event_length(event);
		export->write(export, entry, size);
	}
}

static DEFINE_MUTEX(ftrace_export_lock);

static struct trace_export __rcu *ftrace_exports_list __read_mostly;

static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(trace_function_exports_enabled);
static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(trace_event_exports_enabled);
static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(trace_marker_exports_enabled);

static inline void ftrace_exports_enable(struct trace_export *export)
{
	if (export->flags & TRACE_EXPORT_FUNCTION)
		static_branch_inc(&trace_function_exports_enabled);

	if (export->flags & TRACE_EXPORT_EVENT)
		static_branch_inc(&trace_event_exports_enabled);

	if (export->flags & TRACE_EXPORT_MARKER)
		static_branch_inc(&trace_marker_exports_enabled);
}

static inline void ftrace_exports_disable(struct trace_export *export)
{
	if (export->flags & TRACE_EXPORT_FUNCTION)
		static_branch_dec(&trace_function_exports_enabled);

	if (export->flags & TRACE_EXPORT_EVENT)
		static_branch_dec(&trace_event_exports_enabled);

	if (export->flags & TRACE_EXPORT_MARKER)
		static_branch_dec(&trace_marker_exports_enabled);
}

static void ftrace_exports(struct ring_buffer_event *event, int flag)
{
	struct trace_export *export;

	guard(preempt_notrace)();

	export = rcu_dereference_raw_check(ftrace_exports_list);
	while (export) {
		trace_process_export(export, event, flag);
		export = rcu_dereference_raw_check(export->next);
	}
}

static inline void
add_trace_export(struct trace_export **list, struct trace_export *export)
{
	rcu_assign_pointer(export->next, *list);
	/*
	 * We are entering export into the list but another
	 * CPU might be walking that list. We need to make sure
	 * the export->next pointer is valid before another CPU sees
	 * the export pointer included into the list.
	 */
	rcu_assign_pointer(*list, export);
}

static inline int
rm_trace_export(struct trace_export **list, struct trace_export *export)
{
	struct trace_export **p;

	for (p = list; *p != NULL; p = &(*p)->next)
		if (*p == export)
			break;

	if (*p != export)
		return -1;

	rcu_assign_pointer(*p, (*p)->next);

	return 0;
}

static inline void
add_ftrace_export(struct trace_export **list, struct trace_export *export)
{
	ftrace_exports_enable(export);

	add_trace_export(list, export);
}

static inline int
rm_ftrace_export(struct trace_export **list, struct trace_export *export)
{
	int ret;

	ret = rm_trace_export(list, export);
	ftrace_exports_disable(export);

	return ret;
}

int register_ftrace_export(struct trace_export *export)
{
	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!export->write))
		return -1;

	guard(mutex)(&ftrace_export_lock);

	add_ftrace_export(&ftrace_exports_list, export);

	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_ftrace_export);

int unregister_ftrace_export(struct trace_export *export)
{
	guard(mutex)(&ftrace_export_lock);
	return rm_ftrace_export(&ftrace_exports_list, export);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_ftrace_export);

/* trace_flags holds trace_options default values */
#define TRACE_DEFAULT_FLAGS						\
	(FUNCTION_DEFAULT_FLAGS | FPROFILE_DEFAULT_FLAGS |		\
	 TRACE_ITER(PRINT_PARENT) | TRACE_ITER(PRINTK) |		\
	 TRACE_ITER(ANNOTATE) | TRACE_ITER(CONTEXT_INFO) |		\
	 TRACE_ITER(RECORD_CMD) | TRACE_ITER(OVERWRITE) |		\
	 TRACE_ITER(IRQ_INFO) | TRACE_ITER(MARKERS) |			\
	 TRACE_ITER(HASH_PTR) | TRACE_ITER(TRACE_PRINTK) |		\
	 TRACE_ITER(COPY_MARKER))

/* trace_options that are only supported by global_trace */
#define TOP_LEVEL_TRACE_FLAGS (TRACE_ITER(PRINTK) |			\
	       TRACE_ITER(PRINTK_MSGONLY) | TRACE_ITER(RECORD_CMD) |	\
	       TRACE_ITER(PROF_TEXT_OFFSET) | FPROFILE_DEFAULT_FLAGS)

/* trace_flags that are default zero for instances */
#define ZEROED_TRACE_FLAGS \
	(TRACE_ITER(EVENT_FORK) | TRACE_ITER(FUNC_FORK) | TRACE_ITER(TRACE_PRINTK) | \
	 TRACE_ITER(COPY_MARKER))

/*
 * The global_trace is the descriptor that holds the top-level tracing
 * buffers for the live tracing.
 */
static struct trace_array global_trace = {
	.trace_flags = TRACE_DEFAULT_FLAGS,
};

struct trace_array *printk_trace = &global_trace;

/* List of trace_arrays interested in the top level trace_marker */
static LIST_HEAD(marker_copies);

static void update_printk_trace(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	if (printk_trace == tr)
		return;

	printk_trace->trace_flags &= ~TRACE_ITER(TRACE_PRINTK);
	printk_trace = tr;
	tr->trace_flags |= TRACE_ITER(TRACE_PRINTK);
}

/* Returns true if the status of tr changed */
static bool update_marker_trace(struct trace_array *tr, int enabled)
{
	lockdep_assert_held(&event_mutex);

	if (enabled) {
		if (tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(COPY_MARKER))
			return false;

		list_add_rcu(&tr->marker_list, &marker_copies);
		tr->trace_flags |= TRACE_ITER(COPY_MARKER);
		return true;
	}

	if (!(tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(COPY_MARKER)))
		return false;

	list_del_rcu(&tr->marker_list);
	tr->trace_flags &= ~TRACE_ITER(COPY_MARKER);
	return true;
}

void trace_set_ring_buffer_expanded(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	if (!tr)
		tr = &global_trace;
	tr->ring_buffer_expanded = true;
}

static void trace_array_autoremove(struct work_struct *work)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = container_of(work, struct trace_array, autoremove_work);

	trace_array_destroy(tr);
}

static struct workqueue_struct *autoremove_wq;

static void trace_array_kick_autoremove(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	if (autoremove_wq)
		queue_work(autoremove_wq, &tr->autoremove_work);
}

static void trace_array_cancel_autoremove(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	/*
	 * Since this can be called inside trace_array_autoremove(),
	 * it has to avoid deadlock of the workqueue.
	 */
	if (work_pending(&tr->autoremove_work))
		cancel_work_sync(&tr->autoremove_work);
}

static void trace_array_init_autoremove(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	INIT_WORK(&tr->autoremove_work, trace_array_autoremove);
}

static void trace_array_start_autoremove(void)
{
	if (autoremove_wq)
		return;

	autoremove_wq = alloc_workqueue("tr_autoremove_wq",
					WQ_UNBOUND | WQ_HIGHPRI, 0);
	if (!autoremove_wq)
		pr_warn("Unable to allocate tr_autoremove_wq. autoremove disabled.\n");
}

LIST_HEAD(ftrace_trace_arrays);

static int __trace_array_get(struct trace_array *this_tr)
{
	/* When free_on_close is set, this is not available anymore. */
	if (autoremove_wq && this_tr->free_on_close)
		return -ENODEV;

	this_tr->ref++;
	return 0;
}

int trace_array_get(struct trace_array *this_tr)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);
	list_for_each_entry(tr, &ftrace_trace_arrays, list) {
		if (tr == this_tr) {
			return __trace_array_get(tr);
		}
	}

	return -ENODEV;
}

static void __trace_array_put(struct trace_array *this_tr)
{
	WARN_ON(!this_tr->ref);
	this_tr->ref--;
	/*
	 * When free_on_close is set, prepare removing the array
	 * when the last reference is released.
	 */
	if (this_tr->ref == 1 && this_tr->free_on_close)
		trace_array_kick_autoremove(this_tr);
}

/**
 * trace_array_put - Decrement the reference counter for this trace array.
 * @this_tr : pointer to the trace array
 *
 * NOTE: Use this when we no longer need the trace array returned by
 * trace_array_get_by_name(). This ensures the trace array can be later
 * destroyed.
 *
 */
void trace_array_put(struct trace_array *this_tr)
{
	if (!this_tr)
		return;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);
	__trace_array_put(this_tr);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(trace_array_put);

int tracing_check_open_get_tr(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	int ret;

	ret = security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_TRACEFS);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (tracing_disabled)
		return -ENODEV;

	if (tr && trace_array_get(tr) < 0)
		return -ENODEV;

	return 0;
}

static u64 buffer_ftrace_now(struct array_buffer *buf, int cpu)
{
	u64 ts;

	/* Early boot up does not have a buffer yet */
	if (!buf->buffer)
		return trace_clock_local();

	ts = ring_buffer_time_stamp(buf->buffer);
	ring_buffer_normalize_time_stamp(buf->buffer, cpu, &ts);

	return ts;
}

u64 ftrace_now(int cpu)
{
	return buffer_ftrace_now(&global_trace.array_buffer, cpu);
}

/**
 * tracing_is_enabled - Show if global_trace has been enabled
 *
 * Shows if the global trace has been enabled or not. It uses the
 * mirror flag "buffer_disabled" to be used in fast paths such as for
 * the irqsoff tracer. But it may be inaccurate due to races. If you
 * need to know the accurate state, use tracing_is_on() which is a little
 * slower, but accurate.
 */
int tracing_is_enabled(void)
{
	/*
	 * For quick access (irqsoff uses this in fast path), just
	 * return the mirror variable of the state of the ring buffer.
	 * It's a little racy, but we don't really care.
	 */
	return !global_trace.buffer_disabled;
}

/*
 * trace_buf_size is the size in bytes that is allocated
 * for a buffer. Note, the number of bytes is always rounded
 * to page size.
 *
 * This number is purposely set to a low number of 16384.
 * If the dump on oops happens, it will be much appreciated
 * to not have to wait for all that output. Anyway this can be
 * boot time and run time configurable.
 */
#define TRACE_BUF_SIZE_DEFAULT	1441792UL /* 16384 * 88 (sizeof(entry)) */

static unsigned long		trace_buf_size = TRACE_BUF_SIZE_DEFAULT;

/* trace_types holds a link list of available tracers. */
static struct tracer		*trace_types __read_mostly;

/*
 * trace_types_lock is used to protect the trace_types list.
 */
DEFINE_MUTEX(trace_types_lock);

/*
 * serialize the access of the ring buffer
 *
 * ring buffer serializes readers, but it is low level protection.
 * The validity of the events (which returns by ring_buffer_peek() ..etc)
 * are not protected by ring buffer.
 *
 * The content of events may become garbage if we allow other process consumes
 * these events concurrently:
 *   A) the page of the consumed events may become a normal page
 *      (not reader page) in ring buffer, and this page will be rewritten
 *      by events producer.
 *   B) The page of the consumed events may become a page for splice_read,
 *      and this page will be returned to system.
 *
 * These primitives allow multi process access to different cpu ring buffer
 * concurrently.
 *
 * These primitives don't distinguish read-only and read-consume access.
 * Multi read-only access are also serialized.
 */

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
static DECLARE_RWSEM(all_cpu_access_lock);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mutex, cpu_access_lock);

static inline void trace_access_lock(int cpu)
{
	if (cpu == RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS) {
		/* gain it for accessing the whole ring buffer. */
		down_write(&all_cpu_access_lock);
	} else {
		/* gain it for accessing a cpu ring buffer. */

		/* Firstly block other trace_access_lock(RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS). */
		down_read(&all_cpu_access_lock);

		/* Secondly block other access to this @cpu ring buffer. */
		mutex_lock(&per_cpu(cpu_access_lock, cpu));
	}
}

static inline void trace_access_unlock(int cpu)
{
	if (cpu == RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS) {
		up_write(&all_cpu_access_lock);
	} else {
		mutex_unlock(&per_cpu(cpu_access_lock, cpu));
		up_read(&all_cpu_access_lock);
	}
}

static inline void trace_access_lock_init(void)
{
	int cpu;

	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
		mutex_init(&per_cpu(cpu_access_lock, cpu));
}

#else

static DEFINE_MUTEX(access_lock);

static inline void trace_access_lock(int cpu)
{
	(void)cpu;
	mutex_lock(&access_lock);
}

static inline void trace_access_unlock(int cpu)
{
	(void)cpu;
	mutex_unlock(&access_lock);
}

static inline void trace_access_lock_init(void)
{
}

#endif

void tracer_tracing_on(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	if (tr->array_buffer.buffer)
		ring_buffer_record_on(tr->array_buffer.buffer);
	/*
	 * This flag is looked at when buffers haven't been allocated
	 * yet, or by some tracers (like irqsoff), that just want to
	 * know if the ring buffer has been disabled, but it can handle
	 * races of where it gets disabled but we still do a record.
	 * As the check is in the fast path of the tracers, it is more
	 * important to be fast than accurate.
	 */
	tr->buffer_disabled = 0;
}

/**
 * tracing_on - enable tracing buffers
 *
 * This function enables tracing buffers that may have been
 * disabled with tracing_off.
 */
void tracing_on(void)
{
	tracer_tracing_on(&global_trace);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tracing_on);

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
/**
 * tracing_snapshot - take a snapshot of the current buffer.
 *
 * This causes a swap between the snapshot buffer and the current live
 * tracing buffer. You can use this to take snapshots of the live
 * trace when some condition is triggered, but continue to trace.
 *
 * Note, make sure to allocate the snapshot with either
 * a tracing_snapshot_alloc(), or by doing it manually
 * with: echo 1 > /sys/kernel/tracing/snapshot
 *
 * If the snapshot buffer is not allocated, it will stop tracing.
 * Basically making a permanent snapshot.
 */
void tracing_snapshot(void)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = &global_trace;

	tracing_snapshot_instance(tr);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tracing_snapshot);

/**
 * tracing_alloc_snapshot - allocate snapshot buffer.
 *
 * This only allocates the snapshot buffer if it isn't already
 * allocated - it doesn't also take a snapshot.
 *
 * This is meant to be used in cases where the snapshot buffer needs
 * to be set up for events that can't sleep but need to be able to
 * trigger a snapshot.
 */
int tracing_alloc_snapshot(void)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = &global_trace;
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_alloc_snapshot_instance(tr);
	WARN_ON(ret < 0);

	return ret;
}
#else
void tracing_snapshot(void)
{
	WARN_ONCE(1, "Snapshot feature not enabled, but internal snapshot used");
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tracing_snapshot);
void tracing_snapshot_alloc(void)
{
	/* Give warning */
	tracing_snapshot();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tracing_snapshot_alloc);
#endif /* CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT */

void tracer_tracing_off(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	if (tr->array_buffer.buffer)
		ring_buffer_record_off(tr->array_buffer.buffer);
	/*
	 * This flag is looked at when buffers haven't been allocated
	 * yet, or by some tracers (like irqsoff), that just want to
	 * know if the ring buffer has been disabled, but it can handle
	 * races of where it gets disabled but we still do a record.
	 * As the check is in the fast path of the tracers, it is more
	 * important to be fast than accurate.
	 */
	tr->buffer_disabled = 1;
}

/**
 * tracer_tracing_disable() - temporary disable the buffer from write
 * @tr: The trace array to disable its buffer for
 *
 * Expects trace_tracing_enable() to re-enable tracing.
 * The difference between this and tracer_tracing_off() is that this
 * is a counter and can nest, whereas, tracer_tracing_off() can
 * be called multiple times and a single trace_tracing_on() will
 * enable it.
 */
void tracer_tracing_disable(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!tr->array_buffer.buffer))
		return;

	ring_buffer_record_disable(tr->array_buffer.buffer);
}

/**
 * tracer_tracing_enable() - counter part of tracer_tracing_disable()
 * @tr: The trace array that had tracer_tracincg_disable() called on it
 *
 * This is called after tracer_tracing_disable() has been called on @tr,
 * when it's safe to re-enable tracing.
 */
void tracer_tracing_enable(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!tr->array_buffer.buffer))
		return;

	ring_buffer_record_enable(tr->array_buffer.buffer);
}

/**
 * tracing_off - turn off tracing buffers
 *
 * This function stops the tracing buffers from recording data.
 * It does not disable any overhead the tracers themselves may
 * be causing. This function simply causes all recording to
 * the ring buffers to fail.
 */
void tracing_off(void)
{
	tracer_tracing_off(&global_trace);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tracing_off);

void disable_trace_on_warning(void)
{
	if (__disable_trace_on_warning) {
		struct trace_array *tr = READ_ONCE(printk_trace);

		trace_array_printk_buf(global_trace.array_buffer.buffer, _THIS_IP_,
			"Disabling tracing due to warning\n");
		tracing_off();

		/* Disable trace_printk() buffer too */
		if (tr != &global_trace) {
			trace_array_printk_buf(tr->array_buffer.buffer, _THIS_IP_,
					       "Disabling tracing due to warning\n");
			tracer_tracing_off(tr);
		}
	}
}

/**
 * tracer_tracing_is_on - show real state of ring buffer enabled
 * @tr : the trace array to know if ring buffer is enabled
 *
 * Shows real state of the ring buffer if it is enabled or not.
 */
bool tracer_tracing_is_on(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	if (tr->array_buffer.buffer)
		return ring_buffer_record_is_set_on(tr->array_buffer.buffer);
	return !tr->buffer_disabled;
}

/**
 * tracing_is_on - show state of ring buffers enabled
 */
int tracing_is_on(void)
{
	return tracer_tracing_is_on(&global_trace);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tracing_is_on);

static int __init set_buf_size(char *str)
{
	unsigned long buf_size;

	if (!str)
		return 0;
	buf_size = memparse(str, &str);
	/*
	 * nr_entries can not be zero and the startup
	 * tests require some buffer space. Therefore
	 * ensure we have at least 4096 bytes of buffer.
	 */
	trace_buf_size = max(4096UL, buf_size);
	return 1;
}
__setup("trace_buf_size=", set_buf_size);

static int __init set_tracing_thresh(char *str)
{
	unsigned long threshold;
	int ret;

	if (!str)
		return 0;
	ret = kstrtoul(str, 0, &threshold);
	if (ret < 0)
		return 0;
	tracing_thresh = threshold * 1000;
	return 1;
}
__setup("tracing_thresh=", set_tracing_thresh);

unsigned long nsecs_to_usecs(unsigned long nsecs)
{
	return nsecs / 1000;
}

/*
 * TRACE_FLAGS is defined as a tuple matching bit masks with strings.
 * It uses C(a, b) where 'a' is the eval (enum) name and 'b' is the string that
 * matches it. By defining "C(a, b) b", TRACE_FLAGS becomes a list
 * of strings in the order that the evals (enum) were defined.
 */
#undef C
#define C(a, b) b

/* These must match the bit positions in trace_iterator_flags */
static const char *trace_options[] = {
	TRACE_FLAGS
	NULL
};

static struct {
	u64 (*func)(void);
	const char *name;
	int in_ns;		/* is this clock in nanoseconds? */
} trace_clocks[] = {
	{ trace_clock_local,		"local",	1 },
	{ trace_clock_global,		"global",	1 },
	{ trace_clock_counter,		"counter",	0 },
	{ trace_clock_jiffies,		"uptime",	0 },
	{ trace_clock,			"perf",		1 },
	{ ktime_get_mono_fast_ns,	"mono",		1 },
	{ ktime_get_raw_fast_ns,	"mono_raw",	1 },
	{ ktime_get_boot_fast_ns,	"boot",		1 },
	{ ktime_get_tai_fast_ns,	"tai",		1 },
	ARCH_TRACE_CLOCKS
};

bool trace_clock_in_ns(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	if (trace_clocks[tr->clock_id].in_ns)
		return true;

	return false;
}

/*
 * trace_parser_get_init - gets the buffer for trace parser
 */
int trace_parser_get_init(struct trace_parser *parser, int size)
{
	memset(parser, 0, sizeof(*parser));

	parser->buffer = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!parser->buffer)
		return 1;

	parser->size = size;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * trace_parser_put - frees the buffer for trace parser
 */
void trace_parser_put(struct trace_parser *parser)
{
	kfree(parser->buffer);
	parser->buffer = NULL;
}

/*
 * trace_get_user - reads the user input string separated by  space
 * (matched by isspace(ch))
 *
 * For each string found the 'struct trace_parser' is updated,
 * and the function returns.
 *
 * Returns number of bytes read.
 *
 * See kernel/trace/trace.h for 'struct trace_parser' details.
 */
int trace_get_user(struct trace_parser *parser, const char __user *ubuf,
	size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	char ch;
	size_t read = 0;
	ssize_t ret;

	if (!*ppos)
		trace_parser_clear(parser);

	ret = get_user(ch, ubuf++);
	if (ret)
		goto fail;

	read++;
	cnt--;

	/*
	 * The parser is not finished with the last write,
	 * continue reading the user input without skipping spaces.
	 */
	if (!parser->cont) {
		/* skip white space */
		while (cnt && isspace(ch)) {
			ret = get_user(ch, ubuf++);
			if (ret)
				goto fail;
			read++;
			cnt--;
		}

		parser->idx = 0;

		/* only spaces were written */
		if (isspace(ch) || !ch) {
			*ppos += read;
			return read;
		}
	}

	/* read the non-space input */
	while (cnt && !isspace(ch) && ch) {
		if (parser->idx < parser->size - 1)
			parser->buffer[parser->idx++] = ch;
		else {
			ret = -EINVAL;
			goto fail;
		}

		ret = get_user(ch, ubuf++);
		if (ret)
			goto fail;
		read++;
		cnt--;
	}

	/* We either got finished input or we have to wait for another call. */
	if (isspace(ch) || !ch) {
		parser->buffer[parser->idx] = 0;
		parser->cont = false;
	} else if (parser->idx < parser->size - 1) {
		parser->cont = true;
		parser->buffer[parser->idx++] = ch;
		/* Make sure the parsed string always terminates with '\0'. */
		parser->buffer[parser->idx] = 0;
	} else {
		ret = -EINVAL;
		goto fail;
	}

	*ppos += read;
	return read;
fail:
	trace_parser_fail(parser);
	return ret;
}

/* TODO add a seq_buf_to_buffer() */
static ssize_t trace_seq_to_buffer(struct trace_seq *s, void *buf, size_t cnt)
{
	int len;

	if (trace_seq_used(s) <= s->readpos)
		return -EBUSY;

	len = trace_seq_used(s) - s->readpos;
	if (cnt > len)
		cnt = len;
	memcpy(buf, s->buffer + s->readpos, cnt);

	s->readpos += cnt;
	return cnt;
}

unsigned long __read_mostly	tracing_thresh;

struct pipe_wait {
	struct trace_iterator		*iter;
	int				wait_index;
};

static bool wait_pipe_cond(void *data)
{
	struct pipe_wait *pwait = data;
	struct trace_iterator *iter = pwait->iter;

	if (atomic_read_acquire(&iter->wait_index) != pwait->wait_index)
		return true;

	return iter->closed;
}

static int wait_on_pipe(struct trace_iterator *iter, int full)
{
	struct pipe_wait pwait;
	int ret;

	/* Iterators are static, they should be filled or empty */
	if (trace_buffer_iter(iter, iter->cpu_file))
		return 0;

	pwait.wait_index = atomic_read_acquire(&iter->wait_index);
	pwait.iter = iter;

	ret = ring_buffer_wait(iter->array_buffer->buffer, iter->cpu_file, full,
			       wait_pipe_cond, &pwait);

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	/*
	 * Make sure this is still the snapshot buffer, as if a snapshot were
	 * to happen, this would now be the main buffer.
	 */
	if (iter->snapshot)
		iter->array_buffer = &iter->tr->snapshot_buffer;
#endif
	return ret;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_STARTUP_TEST
static bool selftests_can_run;

struct trace_selftests {
	struct list_head		list;
	struct tracer			*type;
};

static LIST_HEAD(postponed_selftests);

static int save_selftest(struct tracer *type)
{
	struct trace_selftests *selftest;

	selftest = kmalloc(sizeof(*selftest), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!selftest)
		return -ENOMEM;

	selftest->type = type;
	list_add(&selftest->list, &postponed_selftests);
	return 0;
}

static int run_tracer_selftest(struct tracer *type)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = &global_trace;
	struct tracer_flags *saved_flags = tr->current_trace_flags;
	struct tracer *saved_tracer = tr->current_trace;
	int ret;

	if (!type->selftest || tracing_selftest_disabled)
		return 0;

	/*
	 * If a tracer registers early in boot up (before scheduling is
	 * initialized and such), then do not run its selftests yet.
	 * Instead, run it a little later in the boot process.
	 */
	if (!selftests_can_run)
		return save_selftest(type);

	if (!tracing_is_on()) {
		pr_warn("Selftest for tracer %s skipped due to tracing disabled\n",
			type->name);
		return 0;
	}

	/*
	 * Run a selftest on this tracer.
	 * Here we reset the trace buffer, and set the current
	 * tracer to be this tracer. The tracer can then run some
	 * internal tracing to verify that everything is in order.
	 * If we fail, we do not register this tracer.
	 */
	tracing_reset_online_cpus(&tr->array_buffer);

	tr->current_trace = type;
	if (type->flags)
		tr->current_trace_flags = type->flags;
	else if (type->default_flags)
		tr->current_trace_flags = type->default_flags;
	else
		tr->current_trace_flags = &no_tracer_flags;

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_MAX_TRACE
	if (tracer_uses_snapshot(type)) {
		/* If we expanded the buffers, make sure the max is expanded too */
		if (tr->ring_buffer_expanded)
			ring_buffer_resize(tr->snapshot_buffer.buffer, trace_buf_size,
					   RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS);
		tr->allocated_snapshot = true;
	}
#endif

	/* the test is responsible for initializing and enabling */
	pr_info("Testing tracer %s: ", type->name);
	ret = type->selftest(type, tr);
	/* the test is responsible for resetting too */
	tr->current_trace = saved_tracer;
	tr->current_trace_flags = saved_flags;
	if (ret) {
		printk(KERN_CONT "FAILED!\n");
		/* Add the warning after printing 'FAILED' */
		WARN_ON(1);
		return -1;
	}
	/* Only reset on passing, to avoid touching corrupted buffers */
	tracing_reset_online_cpus(&tr->array_buffer);

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_MAX_TRACE
	if (tracer_uses_snapshot(type)) {
		tr->allocated_snapshot = false;

		/* Shrink the max buffer again */
		if (tr->ring_buffer_expanded)
			ring_buffer_resize(tr->snapshot_buffer.buffer, 1,
					   RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS);
	}
#endif

	printk(KERN_CONT "PASSED\n");
	return 0;
}

static int do_run_tracer_selftest(struct tracer *type)
{
	int ret;

	/*
	 * Tests can take a long time, especially if they are run one after the
	 * other, as does happen during bootup when all the tracers are
	 * registered. This could cause the soft lockup watchdog to trigger.
	 */
	cond_resched();

	tracing_selftest_running = true;
	ret = run_tracer_selftest(type);
	tracing_selftest_running = false;

	return ret;
}

static __init int init_trace_selftests(void)
{
	struct trace_selftests *p, *n;
	struct tracer *t, **last;
	int ret;

	selftests_can_run = true;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	if (list_empty(&postponed_selftests))
		return 0;

	pr_info("Running postponed tracer tests:\n");

	tracing_selftest_running = true;
	list_for_each_entry_safe(p, n, &postponed_selftests, list) {
		/* This loop can take minutes when sanitizers are enabled, so
		 * lets make sure we allow RCU processing.
		 */
		cond_resched();
		ret = run_tracer_selftest(p->type);
		/* If the test fails, then warn and remove from available_tracers */
		if (ret < 0) {
			WARN(1, "tracer: %s failed selftest, disabling\n",
			     p->type->name);
			last = &trace_types;
			for (t = trace_types; t; t = t->next) {
				if (t == p->type) {
					*last = t->next;
					break;
				}
				last = &t->next;
			}
		}
		list_del(&p->list);
		kfree(p);
	}
	tracing_selftest_running = false;

	return 0;
}
core_initcall(init_trace_selftests);
#else
static inline int do_run_tracer_selftest(struct tracer *type)
{
	return 0;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_FTRACE_STARTUP_TEST */

static int add_tracer(struct trace_array *tr, struct tracer *t);

static void __init apply_trace_boot_options(void);

static void free_tracers(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	struct tracers *t, *n;

	lockdep_assert_held(&trace_types_lock);

	list_for_each_entry_safe(t, n, &tr->tracers, list) {
		list_del(&t->list);
		kfree(t->flags);
		kfree(t);
	}
}

/**
 * register_tracer - register a tracer with the ftrace system.
 * @type: the plugin for the tracer
 *
 * Register a new plugin tracer.
 */
int __init register_tracer(struct tracer *type)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;
	struct tracer *t;
	int ret = 0;

	if (!type->name) {
		pr_info("Tracer must have a name\n");
		return -1;
	}

	if (strlen(type->name) >= MAX_TRACER_SIZE) {
		pr_info("Tracer has a name longer than %d\n", MAX_TRACER_SIZE);
		return -1;
	}

	if (security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_TRACEFS)) {
		pr_warn("Can not register tracer %s due to lockdown\n",
			   type->name);
		return -EPERM;
	}

	mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);

	for (t = trace_types; t; t = t->next) {
		if (strcmp(type->name, t->name) == 0) {
			/* already found */
			pr_info("Tracer %s already registered\n",
				type->name);
			ret = -1;
			goto out;
		}
	}

	/* store the tracer for __set_tracer_option */
	if (type->flags)
		type->flags->trace = type;

	ret = do_run_tracer_selftest(type);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out;

	list_for_each_entry(tr, &ftrace_trace_arrays, list) {
		ret = add_tracer(tr, type);
		if (ret < 0) {
			/* The tracer will still exist but without options */
			pr_warn("Failed to create tracer options for %s\n", type->name);
			break;
		}
	}

	type->next = trace_types;
	trace_types = type;

 out:
	mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

	if (ret || !default_bootup_tracer)
		return ret;

	if (strncmp(default_bootup_tracer, type->name, MAX_TRACER_SIZE))
		return 0;

	printk(KERN_INFO "Starting tracer '%s'\n", type->name);
	/* Do we want this tracer to start on bootup? */
	WARN_ON(tracing_set_tracer(&global_trace, type->name) < 0);
	default_bootup_tracer = NULL;

	apply_trace_boot_options();

	/* disable other selftests, since this will break it. */
	disable_tracing_selftest("running a tracer");

	return 0;
}

void tracing_reset_cpu(struct array_buffer *buf, int cpu)
{
	struct trace_buffer *buffer = buf->buffer;

	if (!buffer)
		return;

	ring_buffer_record_disable(buffer);

	/* Make sure all commits have finished */
	synchronize_rcu();
	ring_buffer_reset_cpu(buffer, cpu);

	ring_buffer_record_enable(buffer);
}

void tracing_reset_online_cpus(struct array_buffer *buf)
{
	struct trace_buffer *buffer = buf->buffer;

	if (!buffer)
		return;

	ring_buffer_record_disable(buffer);

	/* Make sure all commits have finished */
	synchronize_rcu();

	buf->time_start = buffer_ftrace_now(buf, buf->cpu);

	ring_buffer_reset_online_cpus(buffer);

	ring_buffer_record_enable(buffer);
}

static void tracing_reset_all_cpus(struct array_buffer *buf)
{
	struct trace_buffer *buffer = buf->buffer;

	if (!buffer)
		return;

	ring_buffer_record_disable(buffer);

	/* Make sure all commits have finished */
	synchronize_rcu();

	buf->time_start = buffer_ftrace_now(buf, buf->cpu);

	ring_buffer_reset(buffer);

	ring_buffer_record_enable(buffer);
}

/* Must have trace_types_lock held */
void tracing_reset_all_online_cpus_unlocked(void)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;

	lockdep_assert_held(&trace_types_lock);

	list_for_each_entry(tr, &ftrace_trace_arrays, list) {
		if (!tr->clear_trace)
			continue;
		tr->clear_trace = false;
		tracing_reset_online_cpus(&tr->array_buffer);
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
		tracing_reset_online_cpus(&tr->snapshot_buffer);
#endif
	}
}

void tracing_reset_all_online_cpus(void)
{
	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);
	tracing_reset_all_online_cpus_unlocked();
}

int is_tracing_stopped(void)
{
	return global_trace.stop_count;
}

static void tracing_start_tr(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	struct trace_buffer *buffer;

	if (tracing_disabled)
		return;

	guard(raw_spinlock_irqsave)(&tr->start_lock);
	if (--tr->stop_count) {
		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(tr->stop_count < 0)) {
			/* Someone screwed up their debugging */
			tr->stop_count = 0;
		}
		return;
	}

	/* Prevent the buffers from switching */
	arch_spin_lock(&tr->max_lock);

	buffer = tr->array_buffer.buffer;
	if (buffer)
		ring_buffer_record_enable(buffer);

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	buffer = tr->snapshot_buffer.buffer;
	if (buffer)
		ring_buffer_record_enable(buffer);
#endif

	arch_spin_unlock(&tr->max_lock);
}

/**
 * tracing_start - quick start of the tracer
 *
 * If tracing is enabled but was stopped by tracing_stop,
 * this will start the tracer back up.
 */
void tracing_start(void)

{
	return tracing_start_tr(&global_trace);
}

static void tracing_stop_tr(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	struct trace_buffer *buffer;

	guard(raw_spinlock_irqsave)(&tr->start_lock);
	if (tr->stop_count++)
		return;

	/* Prevent the buffers from switching */
	arch_spin_lock(&tr->max_lock);

	buffer = tr->array_buffer.buffer;
	if (buffer)
		ring_buffer_record_disable(buffer);

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	buffer = tr->snapshot_buffer.buffer;
	if (buffer)
		ring_buffer_record_disable(buffer);
#endif

	arch_spin_unlock(&tr->max_lock);
}

/**
 * tracing_stop - quick stop of the tracer
 *
 * Light weight way to stop tracing. Use in conjunction with
 * tracing_start.
 */
void tracing_stop(void)
{
	return tracing_stop_tr(&global_trace);
}

/*
 * Several functions return TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE if the trace_seq
 * overflowed, and TRACE_TYPE_HANDLED otherwise. This helper function
 * simplifies those functions and keeps them in sync.
 */
enum print_line_t trace_handle_return(struct trace_seq *s)
{
	return trace_seq_has_overflowed(s) ?
		TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE : TRACE_TYPE_HANDLED;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(trace_handle_return);

static unsigned short migration_disable_value(void)
{
#if defined(CONFIG_SMP)
	return current->migration_disabled;
#else
	return 0;
#endif
}

unsigned int tracing_gen_ctx_irq_test(unsigned int irqs_status)
{
	unsigned int trace_flags = irqs_status;
	unsigned int pc;

	pc = preempt_count();

	if (pc & NMI_MASK)
		trace_flags |= TRACE_FLAG_NMI;
	if (pc & HARDIRQ_MASK)
		trace_flags |= TRACE_FLAG_HARDIRQ;
	if (in_serving_softirq())
		trace_flags |= TRACE_FLAG_SOFTIRQ;
	if (softirq_count() >> (SOFTIRQ_SHIFT + 1))
		trace_flags |= TRACE_FLAG_BH_OFF;

	if (tif_need_resched())
		trace_flags |= TRACE_FLAG_NEED_RESCHED;
	if (test_preempt_need_resched())
		trace_flags |= TRACE_FLAG_PREEMPT_RESCHED;
	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PREEMPT_LAZY) && tif_test_bit(TIF_NEED_RESCHED_LAZY))
		trace_flags |= TRACE_FLAG_NEED_RESCHED_LAZY;
	return (trace_flags << 16) | (min_t(unsigned int, pc & 0xff, 0xf)) |
		(min_t(unsigned int, migration_disable_value(), 0xf)) << 4;
}

struct ring_buffer_event *
trace_buffer_lock_reserve(struct trace_buffer *buffer,
			  int type,
			  unsigned long len,
			  unsigned int trace_ctx)
{
	return __trace_buffer_lock_reserve(buffer, type, len, trace_ctx);
}

DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct ring_buffer_event *, trace_buffered_event);
DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, trace_buffered_event_cnt);
static int trace_buffered_event_ref;

/**
 * trace_buffered_event_enable - enable buffering events
 *
 * When events are being filtered, it is quicker to use a temporary
 * buffer to write the event data into if there's a likely chance
 * that it will not be committed. The discard of the ring buffer
 * is not as fast as committing, and is much slower than copying
 * a commit.
 *
 * When an event is to be filtered, allocate per cpu buffers to
 * write the event data into, and if the event is filtered and discarded
 * it is simply dropped, otherwise, the entire data is to be committed
 * in one shot.
 */
void trace_buffered_event_enable(void)
{
	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
	struct page *page;
	int cpu;

	WARN_ON_ONCE(!mutex_is_locked(&event_mutex));

	if (trace_buffered_event_ref++)
		return;

	for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
		page = alloc_pages_node(cpu_to_node(cpu),
					GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NORETRY, 0);
		/* This is just an optimization and can handle failures */
		if (!page) {
			pr_err("Failed to allocate event buffer\n");
			break;
		}

		event = page_address(page);
		memset(event, 0, sizeof(*event));

		per_cpu(trace_buffered_event, cpu) = event;

		scoped_guard(preempt) {
			if (cpu == smp_processor_id() &&
			    __this_cpu_read(trace_buffered_event) !=
			    per_cpu(trace_buffered_event, cpu))
				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
		}
	}
}

static void enable_trace_buffered_event(void *data)
{
	this_cpu_dec(trace_buffered_event_cnt);
}

static void disable_trace_buffered_event(void *data)
{
	this_cpu_inc(trace_buffered_event_cnt);
}

/**
 * trace_buffered_event_disable - disable buffering events
 *
 * When a filter is removed, it is faster to not use the buffered
 * events, and to commit directly into the ring buffer. Free up
 * the temp buffers when there are no more users. This requires
 * special synchronization with current events.
 */
void trace_buffered_event_disable(void)
{
	int cpu;

	WARN_ON_ONCE(!mutex_is_locked(&event_mutex));

	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!trace_buffered_event_ref))
		return;

	if (--trace_buffered_event_ref)
		return;

	/* For each CPU, set the buffer as used. */
	on_each_cpu_mask(tracing_buffer_mask, disable_trace_buffered_event,
			 NULL, true);

	/* Wait for all current users to finish */
	synchronize_rcu();

	for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
		free_page((unsigned long)per_cpu(trace_buffered_event, cpu));
		per_cpu(trace_buffered_event, cpu) = NULL;
	}

	/*
	 * Wait for all CPUs that potentially started checking if they can use
	 * their event buffer only after the previous synchronize_rcu() call and
	 * they still read a valid pointer from trace_buffered_event. It must be
	 * ensured they don't see cleared trace_buffered_event_cnt else they
	 * could wrongly decide to use the pointed-to buffer which is now freed.
	 */
	synchronize_rcu();

	/* For each CPU, relinquish the buffer */
	on_each_cpu_mask(tracing_buffer_mask, enable_trace_buffered_event, NULL,
			 true);
}

static struct trace_buffer *temp_buffer;

struct ring_buffer_event *
trace_event_buffer_lock_reserve(struct trace_buffer **current_rb,
			  struct trace_event_file *trace_file,
			  int type, unsigned long len,
			  unsigned int trace_ctx)
{
	struct ring_buffer_event *entry;
	struct trace_array *tr = trace_file->tr;
	int val;

	*current_rb = tr->array_buffer.buffer;

	if (!tr->no_filter_buffering_ref &&
	    (trace_file->flags & (EVENT_FILE_FL_SOFT_DISABLED | EVENT_FILE_FL_FILTERED))) {
		preempt_disable_notrace();
		/*
		 * Filtering is on, so try to use the per cpu buffer first.
		 * This buffer will simulate a ring_buffer_event,
		 * where the type_len is zero and the array[0] will
		 * hold the full length.
		 * (see include/linux/ring-buffer.h for details on
		 *  how the ring_buffer_event is structured).
		 *
		 * Using a temp buffer during filtering and copying it
		 * on a matched filter is quicker than writing directly
		 * into the ring buffer and then discarding it when
		 * it doesn't match. That is because the discard
		 * requires several atomic operations to get right.
		 * Copying on match and doing nothing on a failed match
		 * is still quicker than no copy on match, but having
		 * to discard out of the ring buffer on a failed match.
		 */
		if ((entry = __this_cpu_read(trace_buffered_event))) {
			int max_len = PAGE_SIZE - struct_size(entry, array, 1);

			val = this_cpu_inc_return(trace_buffered_event_cnt);

			/*
			 * Preemption is disabled, but interrupts and NMIs
			 * can still come in now. If that happens after
			 * the above increment, then it will have to go
			 * back to the old method of allocating the event
			 * on the ring buffer, and if the filter fails, it
			 * will have to call ring_buffer_discard_commit()
			 * to remove it.
			 *
			 * Need to also check the unlikely case that the
			 * length is bigger than the temp buffer size.
			 * If that happens, then the reserve is pretty much
			 * guaranteed to fail, as the ring buffer currently
			 * only allows events less than a page. But that may
			 * change in the future, so let the ring buffer reserve
			 * handle the failure in that case.
			 */
			if (val == 1 && likely(len <= max_len)) {
				trace_event_setup(entry, type, trace_ctx);
				entry->array[0] = len;
				/* Return with preemption disabled */
				return entry;
			}
			this_cpu_dec(trace_buffered_event_cnt);
		}
		/* __trace_buffer_lock_reserve() disables preemption */
		preempt_enable_notrace();
	}

	entry = __trace_buffer_lock_reserve(*current_rb, type, len,
					    trace_ctx);
	/*
	 * If tracing is off, but we have triggers enabled
	 * we still need to look at the event data. Use the temp_buffer
	 * to store the trace event for the trigger to use. It's recursive
	 * safe and will not be recorded anywhere.
	 */
	if (!entry && trace_file->flags & EVENT_FILE_FL_TRIGGER_COND) {
		*current_rb = temp_buffer;
		entry = __trace_buffer_lock_reserve(*current_rb, type, len,
						    trace_ctx);
	}
	return entry;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(trace_event_buffer_lock_reserve);

static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(tracepoint_iter_lock);
static DEFINE_MUTEX(tracepoint_printk_mutex);

static void output_printk(struct trace_event_buffer *fbuffer)
{
	struct trace_event_call *event_call;
	struct trace_event_file *file;
	struct trace_event *event;
	unsigned long flags;
	struct trace_iterator *iter = tracepoint_print_iter;

	/* We should never get here if iter is NULL */
	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!iter))
		return;

	event_call = fbuffer->trace_file->event_call;
	if (!event_call || !event_call->event.funcs ||
	    !event_call->event.funcs->trace)
		return;

	file = fbuffer->trace_file;
	if (test_bit(EVENT_FILE_FL_SOFT_DISABLED_BIT, &file->flags) ||
	    (unlikely(file->flags & EVENT_FILE_FL_FILTERED) &&
	     !filter_match_preds(file->filter, fbuffer->entry)))
		return;

	event = &fbuffer->trace_file->event_call->event;

	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&tracepoint_iter_lock, flags);
	trace_seq_init(&iter->seq);
	iter->ent = fbuffer->entry;
	event_call->event.funcs->trace(iter, 0, event);
	trace_seq_putc(&iter->seq, 0);
	printk("%s", iter->seq.buffer);

	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tracepoint_iter_lock, flags);
}

int tracepoint_printk_sysctl(const struct ctl_table *table, int write,
			     void *buffer, size_t *lenp,
			     loff_t *ppos)
{
	int save_tracepoint_printk;
	int ret;

	guard(mutex)(&tracepoint_printk_mutex);
	save_tracepoint_printk = tracepoint_printk;

	ret = proc_dointvec(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);

	/*
	 * This will force exiting early, as tracepoint_printk
	 * is always zero when tracepoint_printk_iter is not allocated
	 */
	if (!tracepoint_print_iter)
		tracepoint_printk = 0;

	if (save_tracepoint_printk == tracepoint_printk)
		return ret;

	if (tracepoint_printk)
		static_key_enable(&tracepoint_printk_key.key);
	else
		static_key_disable(&tracepoint_printk_key.key);

	return ret;
}

void trace_event_buffer_commit(struct trace_event_buffer *fbuffer)
{
	enum event_trigger_type tt = ETT_NONE;
	struct trace_event_file *file = fbuffer->trace_file;

	if (__event_trigger_test_discard(file, fbuffer->buffer, fbuffer->event,
			fbuffer->entry, &tt))
		goto discard;

	if (static_key_false(&tracepoint_printk_key.key))
		output_printk(fbuffer);

	if (static_branch_unlikely(&trace_event_exports_enabled))
		ftrace_exports(fbuffer->event, TRACE_EXPORT_EVENT);

	trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs(file->tr, fbuffer->buffer,
			fbuffer->event, fbuffer->trace_ctx, fbuffer->regs);

discard:
	if (tt)
		event_triggers_post_call(file, tt);

}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(trace_event_buffer_commit);

/*
 * Skip 3:
 *
 *   trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs()
 *   trace_event_buffer_commit()
 *   trace_event_raw_event_xxx()
 */
# define STACK_SKIP 3

void trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs(struct trace_array *tr,
				     struct trace_buffer *buffer,
				     struct ring_buffer_event *event,
				     unsigned int trace_ctx,
				     struct pt_regs *regs)
{
	__buffer_unlock_commit(buffer, event);

	/*
	 * If regs is not set, then skip the necessary functions.
	 * Note, we can still get here via blktrace, wakeup tracer
	 * and mmiotrace, but that's ok if they lose a function or
	 * two. They are not that meaningful.
	 */
	ftrace_trace_stack(tr, buffer, trace_ctx, regs ? 0 : STACK_SKIP, regs);
	ftrace_trace_userstack(tr, buffer, trace_ctx);
}

/*
 * Similar to trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs() but do not dump stack.
 */
void
trace_buffer_unlock_commit_nostack(struct trace_buffer *buffer,
				   struct ring_buffer_event *event)
{
	__buffer_unlock_commit(buffer, event);
}

void
trace_function(struct trace_array *tr, unsigned long ip, unsigned long
	       parent_ip, unsigned int trace_ctx, struct ftrace_regs *fregs)
{
	struct trace_buffer *buffer = tr->array_buffer.buffer;
	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
	struct ftrace_entry *entry;
	int size = sizeof(*entry);

	size += FTRACE_REGS_MAX_ARGS * !!fregs * sizeof(long);

	event = __trace_buffer_lock_reserve(buffer, TRACE_FN, size,
					    trace_ctx);
	if (!event)
		return;
	entry	= ring_buffer_event_data(event);
	entry->ip			= ip;
	entry->parent_ip		= parent_ip;

#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_FUNCTION_ARG_ACCESS_API
	if (fregs) {
		for (int i = 0; i < FTRACE_REGS_MAX_ARGS; i++)
			entry->args[i] = ftrace_regs_get_argument(fregs, i);
	}
#endif

	if (static_branch_unlikely(&trace_function_exports_enabled))
		ftrace_exports(event, TRACE_EXPORT_FUNCTION);
	__buffer_unlock_commit(buffer, event);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE

/* Allow 4 levels of nesting: normal, softirq, irq, NMI */
#define FTRACE_KSTACK_NESTING	4

#define FTRACE_KSTACK_ENTRIES	(SZ_4K / FTRACE_KSTACK_NESTING)

struct ftrace_stack {
	unsigned long		calls[FTRACE_KSTACK_ENTRIES];
};


struct ftrace_stacks {
	struct ftrace_stack	stacks[FTRACE_KSTACK_NESTING];
};

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct ftrace_stacks, ftrace_stacks);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, ftrace_stack_reserve);

void __ftrace_trace_stack(struct trace_array *tr,
			  struct trace_buffer *buffer,
			  unsigned int trace_ctx,
			  int skip, struct pt_regs *regs)
{
	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
	unsigned int size, nr_entries;
	struct ftrace_stack *fstack;
	struct stack_entry *entry;
	int stackidx;
	int bit;

	bit = trace_test_and_set_recursion(_THIS_IP_, _RET_IP_, TRACE_EVENT_START);
	if (bit < 0)
		return;

	/*
	 * Add one, for this function and the call to save_stack_trace()
	 * If regs is set, then these functions will not be in the way.
	 */
#ifndef CONFIG_UNWINDER_ORC
	if (!regs)
		skip++;
#endif

	guard(preempt_notrace)();

	stackidx = __this_cpu_inc_return(ftrace_stack_reserve) - 1;

	/* This should never happen. If it does, yell once and skip */
	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(stackidx >= FTRACE_KSTACK_NESTING))
		goto out;

	/*
	 * The above __this_cpu_inc_return() is 'atomic' cpu local. An
	 * interrupt will either see the value pre increment or post
	 * increment. If the interrupt happens pre increment it will have
	 * restored the counter when it returns.  We just need a barrier to
	 * keep gcc from moving things around.
	 */
	barrier();

	fstack = this_cpu_ptr(ftrace_stacks.stacks) + stackidx;
	size = ARRAY_SIZE(fstack->calls);

	if (regs) {
		nr_entries = stack_trace_save_regs(regs, fstack->calls,
						   size, skip);
	} else {
		nr_entries = stack_trace_save(fstack->calls, size, skip);
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
	/* Mark entry of stack trace as trampoline code */
	if (tr->ops && tr->ops->trampoline) {
		unsigned long tramp_start = tr->ops->trampoline;
		unsigned long tramp_end = tramp_start + tr->ops->trampoline_size;
		unsigned long *calls = fstack->calls;

		for (int i = 0; i < nr_entries; i++) {
			if (calls[i] >= tramp_start && calls[i] < tramp_end)
				calls[i] = FTRACE_TRAMPOLINE_MARKER;
		}
	}
#endif

	event = __trace_buffer_lock_reserve(buffer, TRACE_STACK,
				    struct_size(entry, caller, nr_entries),
				    trace_ctx);
	if (!event)
		goto out;
	entry = ring_buffer_event_data(event);

	entry->size = nr_entries;
	memcpy(&entry->caller, fstack->calls,
	       flex_array_size(entry, caller, nr_entries));

	__buffer_unlock_commit(buffer, event);

 out:
	/* Again, don't let gcc optimize things here */
	barrier();
	__this_cpu_dec(ftrace_stack_reserve);
	trace_clear_recursion(bit);
}

void __trace_stack(struct trace_array *tr, unsigned int trace_ctx,
		   int skip)
{
	struct trace_buffer *buffer = tr->array_buffer.buffer;

	if (rcu_is_watching()) {
		__ftrace_trace_stack(tr, buffer, trace_ctx, skip, NULL);
		return;
	}

	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_GENERIC_ENTRY)))
		return;

	/*
	 * When an NMI triggers, RCU is enabled via ct_nmi_enter(),
	 * but if the above rcu_is_watching() failed, then the NMI
	 * triggered someplace critical, and ct_irq_enter() should
	 * not be called from NMI.
	 */
	if (unlikely(in_nmi()))
		return;

	ct_irq_enter_irqson();
	__ftrace_trace_stack(tr, buffer, trace_ctx, skip, NULL);
	ct_irq_exit_irqson();
}

/**
 * trace_dump_stack - record a stack back trace in the trace buffer
 * @skip: Number of functions to skip (helper handlers)
 */
void trace_dump_stack(int skip)
{
	if (tracing_disabled || tracing_selftest_running)
		return;

#ifndef CONFIG_UNWINDER_ORC
	/* Skip 1 to skip this function. */
	skip++;
#endif
	__ftrace_trace_stack(printk_trace, printk_trace->array_buffer.buffer,
				tracing_gen_ctx(), skip, NULL);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(trace_dump_stack);

#ifdef CONFIG_USER_STACKTRACE_SUPPORT
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, user_stack_count);

static void
ftrace_trace_userstack(struct trace_array *tr,
		       struct trace_buffer *buffer, unsigned int trace_ctx)
{
	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
	struct userstack_entry *entry;

	if (!(tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(USERSTACKTRACE)))
		return;

	/*
	 * NMIs can not handle page faults, even with fix ups.
	 * The save user stack can (and often does) fault.
	 */
	if (unlikely(in_nmi()))
		return;

	/*
	 * prevent recursion, since the user stack tracing may
	 * trigger other kernel events.
	 */
	guard(preempt)();
	if (__this_cpu_read(user_stack_count))
		return;

	__this_cpu_inc(user_stack_count);

	event = __trace_buffer_lock_reserve(buffer, TRACE_USER_STACK,
					    sizeof(*entry), trace_ctx);
	if (!event)
		goto out_drop_count;
	entry	= ring_buffer_event_data(event);

	entry->tgid		= current->tgid;
	memset(&entry->caller, 0, sizeof(entry->caller));

	stack_trace_save_user(entry->caller, FTRACE_STACK_ENTRIES);
	__buffer_unlock_commit(buffer, event);

 out_drop_count:
	__this_cpu_dec(user_stack_count);
}
#else /* CONFIG_USER_STACKTRACE_SUPPORT */
static void ftrace_trace_userstack(struct trace_array *tr,
				   struct trace_buffer *buffer,
				   unsigned int trace_ctx)
{
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_USER_STACKTRACE_SUPPORT */

#endif /* CONFIG_STACKTRACE */

static inline void
func_repeats_set_delta_ts(struct func_repeats_entry *entry,
			  unsigned long long delta)
{
	entry->bottom_delta_ts = delta & U32_MAX;
	entry->top_delta_ts = (delta >> 32);
}

void trace_last_func_repeats(struct trace_array *tr,
			     struct trace_func_repeats *last_info,
			     unsigned int trace_ctx)
{
	struct trace_buffer *buffer = tr->array_buffer.buffer;
	struct func_repeats_entry *entry;
	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
	u64 delta;

	event = __trace_buffer_lock_reserve(buffer, TRACE_FUNC_REPEATS,
					    sizeof(*entry), trace_ctx);
	if (!event)
		return;

	delta = ring_buffer_event_time_stamp(buffer, event) -
		last_info->ts_last_call;

	entry = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
	entry->ip = last_info->ip;
	entry->parent_ip = last_info->parent_ip;
	entry->count = last_info->count;
	func_repeats_set_delta_ts(entry, delta);

	__buffer_unlock_commit(buffer, event);
}

static struct trace_entry *
peek_next_entry(struct trace_iterator *iter, int cpu, u64 *ts,
		unsigned long *lost_events)
{
	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
	struct ring_buffer_iter *buf_iter = trace_buffer_iter(iter, cpu);

	if (buf_iter) {
		event = ring_buffer_iter_peek(buf_iter, ts);
		if (lost_events)
			*lost_events = ring_buffer_iter_dropped(buf_iter) ?
				(unsigned long)-1 : 0;
	} else {
		event = ring_buffer_peek(iter->array_buffer->buffer, cpu, ts,
					 lost_events);
	}

	if (event) {
		iter->ent_size = ring_buffer_event_length(event);
		return ring_buffer_event_data(event);
	}
	iter->ent_size = 0;
	return NULL;
}

static struct trace_entry *
__find_next_entry(struct trace_iterator *iter, int *ent_cpu,
		  unsigned long *missing_events, u64 *ent_ts)
{
	struct trace_buffer *buffer = iter->array_buffer->buffer;
	struct trace_entry *ent, *next = NULL;
	unsigned long lost_events = 0, next_lost = 0;
	int cpu_file = iter->cpu_file;
	u64 next_ts = 0, ts;
	int next_cpu = -1;
	int next_size = 0;
	int cpu;

	/*
	 * If we are in a per_cpu trace file, don't bother by iterating over
	 * all cpu and peek directly.
	 */
	if (cpu_file > RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS) {
		if (ring_buffer_empty_cpu(buffer, cpu_file))
			return NULL;
		ent = peek_next_entry(iter, cpu_file, ent_ts, missing_events);
		if (ent_cpu)
			*ent_cpu = cpu_file;

		return ent;
	}

	for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {

		if (ring_buffer_empty_cpu(buffer, cpu))
			continue;

		ent = peek_next_entry(iter, cpu, &ts, &lost_events);

		/*
		 * Pick the entry with the smallest timestamp:
		 */
		if (ent && (!next || ts < next_ts)) {
			next = ent;
			next_cpu = cpu;
			next_ts = ts;
			next_lost = lost_events;
			next_size = iter->ent_size;
		}
	}

	iter->ent_size = next_size;

	if (ent_cpu)
		*ent_cpu = next_cpu;

	if (ent_ts)
		*ent_ts = next_ts;

	if (missing_events)
		*missing_events = next_lost;

	return next;
}

#define STATIC_FMT_BUF_SIZE	128
static char static_fmt_buf[STATIC_FMT_BUF_SIZE];

char *trace_iter_expand_format(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	char *tmp;

	/*
	 * iter->tr is NULL when used with tp_printk, which makes
	 * this get called where it is not safe to call krealloc().
	 */
	if (!iter->tr || iter->fmt == static_fmt_buf)
		return NULL;

	tmp = krealloc(iter->fmt, iter->fmt_size + STATIC_FMT_BUF_SIZE,
		       GFP_KERNEL);
	if (tmp) {
		iter->fmt_size += STATIC_FMT_BUF_SIZE;
		iter->fmt = tmp;
	}

	return tmp;
}

/* Returns true if the string is safe to dereference from an event */
static bool trace_safe_str(struct trace_iterator *iter, const char *str)
{
	unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)str;
	struct trace_event *trace_event;
	struct trace_event_call *event;

	/* OK if part of the event data */
	if ((addr >= (unsigned long)iter->ent) &&
	    (addr < (unsigned long)iter->ent + iter->ent_size))
		return true;

	/* OK if part of the temp seq buffer */
	if ((addr >= (unsigned long)iter->tmp_seq.buffer) &&
	    (addr < (unsigned long)iter->tmp_seq.buffer + TRACE_SEQ_BUFFER_SIZE))
		return true;

	/* Core rodata can not be freed */
	if (is_kernel_rodata(addr))
		return true;

	if (trace_is_tracepoint_string(str))
		return true;

	/*
	 * Now this could be a module event, referencing core module
	 * data, which is OK.
	 */
	if (!iter->ent)
		return false;

	trace_event = ftrace_find_event(iter->ent->type);
	if (!trace_event)
		return false;

	event = container_of(trace_event, struct trace_event_call, event);
	if ((event->flags & TRACE_EVENT_FL_DYNAMIC) || !event->module)
		return false;

	/* Would rather have rodata, but this will suffice */
	if (within_module_core(addr, event->module))
		return true;

	return false;
}

/**
 * ignore_event - Check dereferenced fields while writing to the seq buffer
 * @iter: The iterator that holds the seq buffer and the event being printed
 *
 * At boot up, test_event_printk() will flag any event that dereferences
 * a string with "%s" that does exist in the ring buffer. It may still
 * be valid, as the string may point to a static string in the kernel
 * rodata that never gets freed. But if the string pointer is pointing
 * to something that was allocated, there's a chance that it can be freed
 * by the time the user reads the trace. This would cause a bad memory
 * access by the kernel and possibly crash the system.
 *
 * This function will check if the event has any fields flagged as needing
 * to be checked at runtime and perform those checks.
 *
 * If it is found that a field is unsafe, it will write into the @iter->seq
 * a message stating what was found to be unsafe.
 *
 * @return: true if the event is unsafe and should be ignored,
 *          false otherwise.
 */
bool ignore_event(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	struct ftrace_event_field *field;
	struct trace_event *trace_event;
	struct trace_event_call *event;
	struct list_head *head;
	struct trace_seq *seq;
	const void *ptr;

	trace_event = ftrace_find_event(iter->ent->type);

	seq = &iter->seq;

	if (!trace_event) {
		trace_seq_printf(seq, "EVENT ID %d NOT FOUND?\n", iter->ent->type);
		return true;
	}

	event = container_of(trace_event, struct trace_event_call, event);
	if (!(event->flags & TRACE_EVENT_FL_TEST_STR))
		return false;

	head = trace_get_fields(event);
	if (!head) {
		trace_seq_printf(seq, "FIELDS FOR EVENT '%s' NOT FOUND?\n",
				 trace_event_name(event));
		return true;
	}

	/* Offsets are from the iter->ent that points to the raw event */
	ptr = iter->ent;

	list_for_each_entry(field, head, link) {
		const char *str;
		bool good;

		if (!field->needs_test)
			continue;

		str = *(const char **)(ptr + field->offset);

		good = trace_safe_str(iter, str);

		/*
		 * If you hit this warning, it is likely that the
		 * trace event in question used %s on a string that
		 * was saved at the time of the event, but may not be
		 * around when the trace is read. Use __string(),
		 * __assign_str() and __get_str() helpers in the TRACE_EVENT()
		 * instead. See samples/trace_events/trace-events-sample.h
		 * for reference.
		 */
		if (WARN_ONCE(!good, "event '%s' has unsafe pointer field '%s'",
			      trace_event_name(event), field->name)) {
			trace_seq_printf(seq, "EVENT %s: HAS UNSAFE POINTER FIELD '%s'\n",
					 trace_event_name(event), field->name);
			return true;
		}
	}
	return false;
}

const char *trace_event_format(struct trace_iterator *iter, const char *fmt)
{
	const char *p, *new_fmt;
	char *q;

	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!fmt))
		return fmt;

	if (!iter->tr || iter->tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(HASH_PTR))
		return fmt;

	p = fmt;
	new_fmt = q = iter->fmt;
	while (*p) {
		if (unlikely(q - new_fmt + 3 > iter->fmt_size)) {
			if (!trace_iter_expand_format(iter))
				return fmt;

			q += iter->fmt - new_fmt;
			new_fmt = iter->fmt;
		}

		*q++ = *p++;

		/* Replace %p with %px */
		if (p[-1] == '%') {
			if (p[0] == '%') {
				*q++ = *p++;
			} else if (p[0] == 'p' && !isalnum(p[1])) {
				*q++ = *p++;
				*q++ = 'x';
			}
		}
	}
	*q = '\0';

	return new_fmt;
}

#define STATIC_TEMP_BUF_SIZE	128
static char static_temp_buf[STATIC_TEMP_BUF_SIZE] __aligned(4);

/* Find the next real entry, without updating the iterator itself */
struct trace_entry *trace_find_next_entry(struct trace_iterator *iter,
					  int *ent_cpu, u64 *ent_ts)
{
	/* __find_next_entry will reset ent_size */
	int ent_size = iter->ent_size;
	struct trace_entry *entry;

	/*
	 * If called from ftrace_dump(), then the iter->temp buffer
	 * will be the static_temp_buf and not created from kmalloc.
	 * If the entry size is greater than the buffer, we can
	 * not save it. Just return NULL in that case. This is only
	 * used to add markers when two consecutive events' time
	 * stamps have a large delta. See trace_print_lat_context()
	 */
	if (iter->temp == static_temp_buf &&
	    STATIC_TEMP_BUF_SIZE < ent_size)
		return NULL;

	/*
	 * The __find_next_entry() may call peek_next_entry(), which may
	 * call ring_buffer_peek() that may make the contents of iter->ent
	 * undefined. Need to copy iter->ent now.
	 */
	if (iter->ent && iter->ent != iter->temp) {
		if ((!iter->temp || iter->temp_size < iter->ent_size) &&
		    !WARN_ON_ONCE(iter->temp == static_temp_buf)) {
			void *temp;
			temp = kmalloc(iter->ent_size, GFP_KERNEL);
			if (!temp)
				return NULL;
			kfree(iter->temp);
			iter->temp = temp;
			iter->temp_size = iter->ent_size;
		}
		memcpy(iter->temp, iter->ent, iter->ent_size);
		iter->ent = iter->temp;
	}
	entry = __find_next_entry(iter, ent_cpu, NULL, ent_ts);
	/* Put back the original ent_size */
	iter->ent_size = ent_size;

	return entry;
}

/* Find the next real entry, and increment the iterator to the next entry */
void *trace_find_next_entry_inc(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	struct ring_buffer_iter *buf_iter;

	iter->ent = __find_next_entry(iter, &iter->cpu,
				      &iter->lost_events, &iter->ts);

	if (iter->ent) {
		iter->idx++;
		buf_iter = trace_buffer_iter(iter, iter->cpu);
		if (buf_iter)
			ring_buffer_iter_advance(buf_iter);
	}

	return iter->ent ? iter : NULL;
}

static void trace_consume(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	ring_buffer_consume(iter->array_buffer->buffer, iter->cpu, &iter->ts,
			    &iter->lost_events);
}

static void *s_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
	struct trace_iterator *iter = m->private;
	int i = (int)*pos;
	void *ent;

	WARN_ON_ONCE(iter->leftover);

	(*pos)++;

	/* can't go backwards */
	if (iter->idx > i)
		return NULL;

	if (iter->idx < 0)
		ent = trace_find_next_entry_inc(iter);
	else
		ent = iter;

	while (ent && iter->idx < i)
		ent = trace_find_next_entry_inc(iter);

	iter->pos = *pos;

	return ent;
}

void tracing_iter_reset(struct trace_iterator *iter, int cpu)
{
	struct ring_buffer_iter *buf_iter;
	unsigned long entries = 0;
	u64 ts;

	per_cpu_ptr(iter->array_buffer->data, cpu)->skipped_entries = 0;

	buf_iter = trace_buffer_iter(iter, cpu);
	if (!buf_iter)
		return;

	ring_buffer_iter_reset(buf_iter);

	/*
	 * We could have the case with the max latency tracers
	 * that a reset never took place on a cpu. This is evident
	 * by the timestamp being before the start of the buffer.
	 */
	while (ring_buffer_iter_peek(buf_iter, &ts)) {
		if (ts >= iter->array_buffer->time_start)
			break;
		entries++;
		ring_buffer_iter_advance(buf_iter);
		/* This could be a big loop */
		cond_resched();
	}

	per_cpu_ptr(iter->array_buffer->data, cpu)->skipped_entries = entries;
}

/*
 * The current tracer is copied to avoid a global locking
 * all around.
 */
static void *s_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
{
	struct trace_iterator *iter = m->private;
	struct trace_array *tr = iter->tr;
	int cpu_file = iter->cpu_file;
	void *p = NULL;
	loff_t l = 0;
	int cpu;

	mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
	if (unlikely(tr->current_trace != iter->trace)) {
		/* Close iter->trace before switching to the new current tracer */
		if (iter->trace->close)
			iter->trace->close(iter);
		iter->trace = tr->current_trace;
		/* Reopen the new current tracer */
		if (iter->trace->open)
			iter->trace->open(iter);
	}
	mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

	if (iter->snapshot && tracer_uses_snapshot(iter->trace))
		return ERR_PTR(-EBUSY);

	if (*pos != iter->pos) {
		iter->ent = NULL;
		iter->cpu = 0;
		iter->idx = -1;

		if (cpu_file == RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS) {
			for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu)
				tracing_iter_reset(iter, cpu);
		} else
			tracing_iter_reset(iter, cpu_file);

		iter->leftover = 0;
		for (p = iter; p && l < *pos; p = s_next(m, p, &l))
			;

	} else {
		/*
		 * If we overflowed the seq_file before, then we want
		 * to just reuse the trace_seq buffer again.
		 */
		if (iter->leftover)
			p = iter;
		else {
			l = *pos - 1;
			p = s_next(m, p, &l);
		}
	}

	trace_event_read_lock();
	trace_access_lock(cpu_file);
	return p;
}

static void s_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
{
	struct trace_iterator *iter = m->private;

	if (iter->snapshot && tracer_uses_snapshot(iter->trace))
		return;

	trace_access_unlock(iter->cpu_file);
	trace_event_read_unlock();
}

static void
get_total_entries_cpu(struct array_buffer *buf, unsigned long *total,
		      unsigned long *entries, int cpu)
{
	unsigned long count;

	count = ring_buffer_entries_cpu(buf->buffer, cpu);
	/*
	 * If this buffer has skipped entries, then we hold all
	 * entries for the trace and we need to ignore the
	 * ones before the time stamp.
	 */
	if (per_cpu_ptr(buf->data, cpu)->skipped_entries) {
		count -= per_cpu_ptr(buf->data, cpu)->skipped_entries;
		/* total is the same as the entries */
		*total = count;
	} else
		*total = count +
			ring_buffer_overrun_cpu(buf->buffer, cpu);
	*entries = count;
}

static void
get_total_entries(struct array_buffer *buf,
		  unsigned long *total, unsigned long *entries)
{
	unsigned long t, e;
	int cpu;

	*total = 0;
	*entries = 0;

	for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
		get_total_entries_cpu(buf, &t, &e, cpu);
		*total += t;
		*entries += e;
	}
}

unsigned long trace_total_entries_cpu(struct trace_array *tr, int cpu)
{
	unsigned long total, entries;

	if (!tr)
		tr = &global_trace;

	get_total_entries_cpu(&tr->array_buffer, &total, &entries, cpu);

	return entries;
}

unsigned long trace_total_entries(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	unsigned long total, entries;

	if (!tr)
		tr = &global_trace;

	get_total_entries(&tr->array_buffer, &total, &entries);

	return entries;
}

static void print_lat_help_header(struct seq_file *m)
{
	seq_puts(m, "#                    _------=> CPU#            \n"
		    "#                   / _-----=> irqs-off/BH-disabled\n"
		    "#                  | / _----=> need-resched    \n"
		    "#                  || / _---=> hardirq/softirq \n"
		    "#                  ||| / _--=> preempt-depth   \n"
		    "#                  |||| / _-=> migrate-disable \n"
		    "#                  ||||| /     delay           \n"
		    "#  cmd     pid     |||||| time  |   caller     \n"
		    "#     \\   /        ||||||  \\    |    /       \n");
}

static void print_event_info(struct array_buffer *buf, struct seq_file *m)
{
	unsigned long total;
	unsigned long entries;

	get_total_entries(buf, &total, &entries);
	seq_printf(m, "# entries-in-buffer/entries-written: %lu/%lu   #P:%d\n",
		   entries, total, num_online_cpus());
	seq_puts(m, "#\n");
}

static void print_func_help_header(struct array_buffer *buf, struct seq_file *m,
				   unsigned int flags)
{
	bool tgid = flags & TRACE_ITER(RECORD_TGID);

	print_event_info(buf, m);

	seq_printf(m, "#           TASK-PID    %s CPU#     TIMESTAMP  FUNCTION\n", tgid ? "   TGID   " : "");
	seq_printf(m, "#              | |      %s   |         |         |\n",      tgid ? "     |    " : "");
}

static void print_func_help_header_irq(struct array_buffer *buf, struct seq_file *m,
				       unsigned int flags)
{
	bool tgid = flags & TRACE_ITER(RECORD_TGID);
	static const char space[] = "            ";
	int prec = tgid ? 12 : 2;

	print_event_info(buf, m);

	seq_printf(m, "#                            %.*s  _-----=> irqs-off/BH-disabled\n", prec, space);
	seq_printf(m, "#                            %.*s / _----=> need-resched\n", prec, space);
	seq_printf(m, "#                            %.*s| / _---=> hardirq/softirq\n", prec, space);
	seq_printf(m, "#                            %.*s|| / _--=> preempt-depth\n", prec, space);
	seq_printf(m, "#                            %.*s||| / _-=> migrate-disable\n", prec, space);
	seq_printf(m, "#                            %.*s|||| /     delay\n", prec, space);
	seq_printf(m, "#           TASK-PID  %.*s CPU#  |||||  TIMESTAMP  FUNCTION\n", prec, "     TGID   ");
	seq_printf(m, "#              | |    %.*s   |   |||||     |         |\n", prec, "       |    ");
}

void
print_trace_header(struct seq_file *m, struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	unsigned long sym_flags = (global_trace.trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_SYM_MASK);
	struct array_buffer *buf = iter->array_buffer;
	struct trace_array_cpu *data = per_cpu_ptr(buf->data, buf->cpu);
	struct tracer *type = iter->trace;
	unsigned long entries;
	unsigned long total;
	const char *name = type->name;

	get_total_entries(buf, &total, &entries);

	seq_printf(m, "# %s latency trace v1.1.5 on %s\n",
		   name, init_utsname()->release);
	seq_puts(m, "# -----------------------------------"
		 "---------------------------------\n");
	seq_printf(m, "# latency: %lu us, #%lu/%lu, CPU#%d |"
		   " (M:%s VP:%d, KP:%d, SP:%d HP:%d",
		   nsecs_to_usecs(data->saved_latency),
		   entries,
		   total,
		   buf->cpu,
		   preempt_model_str(),
		   /* These are reserved for later use */
		   0, 0, 0, 0);
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	seq_printf(m, " #P:%d)\n", num_online_cpus());
#else
	seq_puts(m, ")\n");
#endif
	seq_puts(m, "#    -----------------\n");
	seq_printf(m, "#    | task: %.16s-%d "
		   "(uid:%d nice:%ld policy:%ld rt_prio:%ld)\n",
		   data->comm, data->pid,
		   from_kuid_munged(seq_user_ns(m), data->uid), data->nice,
		   data->policy, data->rt_priority);
	seq_puts(m, "#    -----------------\n");

	if (data->critical_start) {
		seq_puts(m, "#  => started at: ");
		seq_print_ip_sym(&iter->seq, data->critical_start, sym_flags);
		trace_print_seq(m, &iter->seq);
		seq_puts(m, "\n#  => ended at:   ");
		seq_print_ip_sym(&iter->seq, data->critical_end, sym_flags);
		trace_print_seq(m, &iter->seq);
		seq_puts(m, "\n#\n");
	}

	seq_puts(m, "#\n");
}

static void test_cpu_buff_start(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
	struct trace_array *tr = iter->tr;

	if (!(tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(ANNOTATE)))
		return;

	if (!(iter->iter_flags & TRACE_FILE_ANNOTATE))
		return;

	if (cpumask_available(iter->started) &&
	    cpumask_test_cpu(iter->cpu, iter->started))
		return;

	if (per_cpu_ptr(iter->array_buffer->data, iter->cpu)->skipped_entries)
		return;

	if (cpumask_available(iter->started))
		cpumask_set_cpu(iter->cpu, iter->started);

	/* Don't print started cpu buffer for the first entry of the trace */
	if (iter->idx > 1)
		trace_seq_printf(s, "##### CPU %u buffer started ####\n",
				iter->cpu);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_SYSCALLS
static bool is_syscall_event(struct trace_event *event)
{
	return (event->funcs == &enter_syscall_print_funcs) ||
	       (event->funcs == &exit_syscall_print_funcs);

}
#define syscall_buf_size CONFIG_TRACE_SYSCALL_BUF_SIZE_DEFAULT
#else
static inline bool is_syscall_event(struct trace_event *event)
{
	return false;
}
#define syscall_buf_size 0
#endif /* CONFIG_FTRACE_SYSCALLS */

static enum print_line_t print_trace_fmt(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = iter->tr;
	struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
	unsigned long sym_flags = (tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_SYM_MASK);
	struct trace_entry *entry;
	struct trace_event *event;

	entry = iter->ent;

	test_cpu_buff_start(iter);

	event = ftrace_find_event(entry->type);

	if (tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(CONTEXT_INFO)) {
		if (iter->iter_flags & TRACE_FILE_LAT_FMT)
			trace_print_lat_context(iter);
		else
			trace_print_context(iter);
	}

	if (trace_seq_has_overflowed(s))
		return TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE;

	if (event) {
		if (tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(FIELDS))
			return print_event_fields(iter, event);
		/*
		 * For TRACE_EVENT() events, the print_fmt is not
		 * safe to use if the array has delta offsets
		 * Force printing via the fields.
		 */
		if ((tr->text_delta)) {
			/* ftrace and system call events are still OK */
			if ((event->type > __TRACE_LAST_TYPE) &&
			    !is_syscall_event(event))
				return print_event_fields(iter, event);
		}
		return event->funcs->trace(iter, sym_flags, event);
	}

	trace_seq_printf(s, "Unknown type %d\n", entry->type);

	return trace_handle_return(s);
}

static enum print_line_t print_raw_fmt(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = iter->tr;
	struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
	struct trace_entry *entry;
	struct trace_event *event;

	entry = iter->ent;

	if (tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(CONTEXT_INFO))
		trace_seq_printf(s, "%d %d %llu ",
				 entry->pid, iter->cpu, iter->ts);

	if (trace_seq_has_overflowed(s))
		return TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE;

	event = ftrace_find_event(entry->type);
	if (event)
		return event->funcs->raw(iter, 0, event);

	trace_seq_printf(s, "%d ?\n", entry->type);

	return trace_handle_return(s);
}

static enum print_line_t print_hex_fmt(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = iter->tr;
	struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
	unsigned char newline = '\n';
	struct trace_entry *entry;
	struct trace_event *event;

	entry = iter->ent;

	if (tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(CONTEXT_INFO)) {
		SEQ_PUT_HEX_FIELD(s, entry->pid);
		SEQ_PUT_HEX_FIELD(s, iter->cpu);
		SEQ_PUT_HEX_FIELD(s, iter->ts);
		if (trace_seq_has_overflowed(s))
			return TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE;
	}

	event = ftrace_find_event(entry->type);
	if (event) {
		enum print_line_t ret = event->funcs->hex(iter, 0, event);
		if (ret != TRACE_TYPE_HANDLED)
			return ret;
	}

	SEQ_PUT_FIELD(s, newline);

	return trace_handle_return(s);
}

static enum print_line_t print_bin_fmt(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = iter->tr;
	struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
	struct trace_entry *entry;
	struct trace_event *event;

	entry = iter->ent;

	if (tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(CONTEXT_INFO)) {
		SEQ_PUT_FIELD(s, entry->pid);
		SEQ_PUT_FIELD(s, iter->cpu);
		SEQ_PUT_FIELD(s, iter->ts);
		if (trace_seq_has_overflowed(s))
			return TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE;
	}

	event = ftrace_find_event(entry->type);
	return event ? event->funcs->binary(iter, 0, event) :
		TRACE_TYPE_HANDLED;
}

int trace_empty(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	struct ring_buffer_iter *buf_iter;
	int cpu;

	/* If we are looking at one CPU buffer, only check that one */
	if (iter->cpu_file != RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS) {
		cpu = iter->cpu_file;
		buf_iter = trace_buffer_iter(iter, cpu);
		if (buf_iter) {
			if (!ring_buffer_iter_empty(buf_iter))
				return 0;
		} else {
			if (!ring_buffer_empty_cpu(iter->array_buffer->buffer, cpu))
				return 0;
		}
		return 1;
	}

	for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
		buf_iter = trace_buffer_iter(iter, cpu);
		if (buf_iter) {
			if (!ring_buffer_iter_empty(buf_iter))
				return 0;
		} else {
			if (!ring_buffer_empty_cpu(iter->array_buffer->buffer, cpu))
				return 0;
		}
	}

	return 1;
}

/*  Called with trace_event_read_lock() held. */
enum print_line_t print_trace_line(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = iter->tr;
	unsigned long trace_flags = tr->trace_flags;
	enum print_line_t ret;

	if (iter->lost_events) {
		if (iter->lost_events == (unsigned long)-1)
			trace_seq_printf(&iter->seq, "CPU:%d [LOST EVENTS]\n",
					 iter->cpu);
		else
			trace_seq_printf(&iter->seq, "CPU:%d [LOST %lu EVENTS]\n",
					 iter->cpu, iter->lost_events);
		if (trace_seq_has_overflowed(&iter->seq))
			return TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE;
	}

	if (iter->trace && iter->trace->print_line) {
		ret = iter->trace->print_line(iter);
		if (ret != TRACE_TYPE_UNHANDLED)
			return ret;
	}

	if (iter->ent->type == TRACE_BPUTS &&
			trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(PRINTK) &&
			trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(PRINTK_MSGONLY))
		return trace_print_bputs_msg_only(iter);

	if (iter->ent->type == TRACE_BPRINT &&
			trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(PRINTK) &&
			trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(PRINTK_MSGONLY))
		return trace_print_bprintk_msg_only(iter);

	if (iter->ent->type == TRACE_PRINT &&
			trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(PRINTK) &&
			trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(PRINTK_MSGONLY))
		return trace_print_printk_msg_only(iter);

	if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(BIN))
		return print_bin_fmt(iter);

	if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(HEX))
		return print_hex_fmt(iter);

	if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(RAW))
		return print_raw_fmt(iter);

	return print_trace_fmt(iter);
}

void trace_latency_header(struct seq_file *m)
{
	struct trace_iterator *iter = m->private;
	struct trace_array *tr = iter->tr;

	/* print nothing if the buffers are empty */
	if (trace_empty(iter))
		return;

	if (iter->iter_flags & TRACE_FILE_LAT_FMT)
		print_trace_header(m, iter);

	if (!(tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(VERBOSE)))
		print_lat_help_header(m);
}

void trace_default_header(struct seq_file *m)
{
	struct trace_iterator *iter = m->private;
	struct trace_array *tr = iter->tr;
	unsigned long trace_flags = tr->trace_flags;

	if (!(trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(CONTEXT_INFO)))
		return;

	if (iter->iter_flags & TRACE_FILE_LAT_FMT) {
		/* print nothing if the buffers are empty */
		if (trace_empty(iter))
			return;
		print_trace_header(m, iter);
		if (!(trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(VERBOSE)))
			print_lat_help_header(m);
	} else {
		if (!(trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(VERBOSE))) {
			if (trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(IRQ_INFO))
				print_func_help_header_irq(iter->array_buffer,
							   m, trace_flags);
			else
				print_func_help_header(iter->array_buffer, m,
						       trace_flags);
		}
	}
}

static void test_ftrace_alive(struct seq_file *m)
{
	if (!ftrace_is_dead())
		return;
	seq_puts(m, "# WARNING: FUNCTION TRACING IS CORRUPTED\n"
		    "#          MAY BE MISSING FUNCTION EVENTS\n");
}

static int s_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct trace_iterator *iter = v;
	int ret;

	if (iter->ent == NULL) {
		if (iter->tr) {
			seq_printf(m, "# tracer: %s\n", iter->trace->name);
			seq_puts(m, "#\n");
			test_ftrace_alive(m);
		}
		if (iter->snapshot && trace_empty(iter))
			print_snapshot_help(m, iter);
		else if (iter->trace && iter->trace->print_header)
			iter->trace->print_header(m);
		else
			trace_default_header(m);

	} else if (iter->leftover) {
		/*
		 * If we filled the seq_file buffer earlier, we
		 * want to just show it now.
		 */
		ret = trace_print_seq(m, &iter->seq);

		/* ret should this time be zero, but you never know */
		iter->leftover = ret;

	} else {
		ret = print_trace_line(iter);
		if (ret == TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE) {
			iter->seq.full = 0;
			trace_seq_puts(&iter->seq, "[LINE TOO BIG]\n");
		}
		ret = trace_print_seq(m, &iter->seq);
		/*
		 * If we overflow the seq_file buffer, then it will
		 * ask us for this data again at start up.
		 * Use that instead.
		 *  ret is 0 if seq_file write succeeded.
		 *        -1 otherwise.
		 */
		iter->leftover = ret;
	}

	return 0;
}

static const struct seq_operations tracer_seq_ops = {
	.start		= s_start,
	.next		= s_next,
	.stop		= s_stop,
	.show		= s_show,
};

/*
 * Note, as iter itself can be allocated and freed in different
 * ways, this function is only used to free its content, and not
 * the iterator itself. The only requirement to all the allocations
 * is that it must zero all fields (kzalloc), as freeing works with
 * ethier allocated content or NULL.
 */
static void free_trace_iter_content(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	/* The fmt is either NULL, allocated or points to static_fmt_buf */
	if (iter->fmt != static_fmt_buf)
		kfree(iter->fmt);

	kfree(iter->temp);
	kfree(iter->buffer_iter);
	mutex_destroy(&iter->mutex);
	free_cpumask_var(iter->started);
}

struct trace_iterator *
__tracing_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file, bool snapshot)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	struct trace_iterator *iter;
	int cpu;

	if (tracing_disabled)
		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);

	iter = __seq_open_private(file, &tracer_seq_ops, sizeof(*iter));
	if (!iter)
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);

	iter->buffer_iter = kzalloc_objs(*iter->buffer_iter, nr_cpu_ids);
	if (!iter->buffer_iter)
		goto release;

	/*
	 * trace_find_next_entry() may need to save off iter->ent.
	 * It will place it into the iter->temp buffer. As most
	 * events are less than 128, allocate a buffer of that size.
	 * If one is greater, then trace_find_next_entry() will
	 * allocate a new buffer to adjust for the bigger iter->ent.
	 * It's not critical if it fails to get allocated here.
	 */
	iter->temp = kmalloc(128, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (iter->temp)
		iter->temp_size = 128;

	/*
	 * trace_event_printf() may need to modify given format
	 * string to replace %p with %px so that it shows real address
	 * instead of hash value. However, that is only for the event
	 * tracing, other tracer may not need. Defer the allocation
	 * until it is needed.
	 */
	iter->fmt = NULL;
	iter->fmt_size = 0;

	mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
	iter->trace = tr->current_trace;

	if (!zalloc_cpumask_var(&iter->started, GFP_KERNEL))
		goto fail;

	iter->tr = tr;

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	/* Currently only the top directory has a snapshot */
	if (tr->current_trace->print_max || snapshot)
		iter->array_buffer = &tr->snapshot_buffer;
	else
#endif
		iter->array_buffer = &tr->array_buffer;
	iter->snapshot = snapshot;
	iter->pos = -1;
	iter->cpu_file = tracing_get_cpu(inode);
	mutex_init(&iter->mutex);

	/* Notify the tracer early; before we stop tracing. */
	if (iter->trace->open)
		iter->trace->open(iter);

	/* Annotate start of buffers if we had overruns */
	if (ring_buffer_overruns(iter->array_buffer->buffer))
		iter->iter_flags |= TRACE_FILE_ANNOTATE;

	/* Output in nanoseconds only if we are using a clock in nanoseconds. */
	if (trace_clocks[tr->clock_id].in_ns)
		iter->iter_flags |= TRACE_FILE_TIME_IN_NS;

	/*
	 * If pause-on-trace is enabled, then stop the trace while
	 * dumping, unless this is the "snapshot" file
	 */
	if (!iter->snapshot && (tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(PAUSE_ON_TRACE))) {
		iter->iter_flags |= TRACE_FILE_PAUSE;
		tracing_stop_tr(tr);
	}

	if (iter->cpu_file == RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS) {
		for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
			iter->buffer_iter[cpu] =
				ring_buffer_read_start(iter->array_buffer->buffer,
						       cpu, GFP_KERNEL);
			tracing_iter_reset(iter, cpu);
		}
	} else {
		cpu = iter->cpu_file;
		iter->buffer_iter[cpu] =
			ring_buffer_read_start(iter->array_buffer->buffer,
					       cpu, GFP_KERNEL);
		tracing_iter_reset(iter, cpu);
	}

	mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

	return iter;

 fail:
	mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
	free_trace_iter_content(iter);
release:
	seq_release_private(inode, file);
	return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
}

int tracing_open_generic(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(NULL);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	filp->private_data = inode->i_private;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Open and update trace_array ref count.
 * Must have the current trace_array passed to it.
 */
int tracing_open_generic_tr(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if ((filp->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) && trace_array_is_readonly(tr)) {
		trace_array_put(tr);
		return -EACCES;
	}

	filp->private_data = inode->i_private;

	return 0;
}

/*
 * The private pointer of the inode is the trace_event_file.
 * Update the tr ref count associated to it.
 */
int tracing_open_file_tr(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	struct trace_event_file *file = inode->i_private;
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(file->tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	guard(mutex)(&event_mutex);

	/* Fail if the file is marked for removal */
	if (file->flags & EVENT_FILE_FL_FREED) {
		trace_array_put(file->tr);
		return -ENODEV;
	} else {
		event_file_get(file);
	}

	return 0;
}

int tracing_release_file_tr(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	struct trace_event_file *file = inode->i_private;

	trace_array_put(file->tr);
	event_file_put(file);

	return 0;
}

int tracing_single_release_file_tr(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	tracing_release_file_tr(inode, filp);
	return single_release(inode, filp);
}

int tracing_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
	struct trace_iterator *iter;
	int cpu;

	if (!(file->f_mode & FMODE_READ)) {
		trace_array_put(tr);
		return 0;
	}

	/* Writes do not use seq_file */
	iter = m->private;
	mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);

	for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
		if (iter->buffer_iter[cpu])
			ring_buffer_read_finish(iter->buffer_iter[cpu]);
	}

	if (iter->trace && iter->trace->close)
		iter->trace->close(iter);

	if (iter->iter_flags & TRACE_FILE_PAUSE)
		/* reenable tracing if it was previously enabled */
		tracing_start_tr(tr);

	__trace_array_put(tr);

	mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

	free_trace_iter_content(iter);
	seq_release_private(inode, file);

	return 0;
}

int tracing_release_generic_tr(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;

	trace_array_put(tr);
	return 0;
}

static int tracing_single_release_tr(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;

	trace_array_put(tr);

	return single_release(inode, file);
}

static bool __update_last_data_if_empty(struct trace_array *tr);
static bool update_last_data_if_empty(struct trace_array *tr);

static int tracing_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	struct trace_iterator *iter;
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	/* If this file was open for write, then erase contents */
	if ((file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) && (file->f_flags & O_TRUNC)) {
		int cpu = tracing_get_cpu(inode);
		struct array_buffer *trace_buf = &tr->array_buffer;

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_MAX_TRACE
		if (tr->current_trace->print_max)
			trace_buf = &tr->snapshot_buffer;
#endif

		if (cpu == RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS)
			tracing_reset_online_cpus(trace_buf);
		else
			tracing_reset_cpu(trace_buf, cpu);

		update_last_data_if_empty(tr);
	}

	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
		iter = __tracing_open(inode, file, false);
		if (IS_ERR(iter))
			ret = PTR_ERR(iter);
		else if (tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(LATENCY_FMT))
			iter->iter_flags |= TRACE_FILE_LAT_FMT;
	}

	if (ret < 0)
		trace_array_put(tr);

	return ret;
}

/*
 * Some tracers are not suitable for instance buffers.
 * A tracer is always available for the global array (toplevel)
 * or if it explicitly states that it is.
 */
static bool
trace_ok_for_array(struct tracer *t, struct trace_array *tr)
{
	/* arrays with mapped buffer range do not have snapshots */
	if (tr->range_addr_start && tracer_uses_snapshot(t))
		return false;
	return (tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_GLOBAL) || t->allow_instances;
}

/* Find the next tracer that this trace array may use */
static struct tracer *
get_tracer_for_array(struct trace_array *tr, struct tracer *t)
{
	while (t && !trace_ok_for_array(t, tr))
		t = t->next;

	return t;
}

static void *
t_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = m->private;
	struct tracer *t = v;

	(*pos)++;

	if (t)
		t = get_tracer_for_array(tr, t->next);

	return t;
}

static void *t_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = m->private;
	struct tracer *t;
	loff_t l = 0;

	mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);

	t = get_tracer_for_array(tr, trace_types);
	for (; t && l < *pos; t = t_next(m, t, &l))
			;

	return t;
}

static void t_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
{
	mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
}

static int t_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct tracer *t = v;

	if (!t)
		return 0;

	seq_puts(m, t->name);
	if (t->next)
		seq_putc(m, ' ');
	else
		seq_putc(m, '\n');

	return 0;
}

static const struct seq_operations show_traces_seq_ops = {
	.start		= t_start,
	.next		= t_next,
	.stop		= t_stop,
	.show		= t_show,
};

static int show_traces_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	struct seq_file *m;
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = seq_open(file, &show_traces_seq_ops);
	if (ret) {
		trace_array_put(tr);
		return ret;
	}

	m = file->private_data;
	m->private = tr;

	return 0;
}

static int tracing_seq_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;

	trace_array_put(tr);
	return seq_release(inode, file);
}

static ssize_t
tracing_write_stub(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
		   size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
	return count;
}

loff_t tracing_lseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
{
	int ret;

	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ)
		ret = seq_lseek(file, offset, whence);
	else
		file->f_pos = ret = 0;

	return ret;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.read_iter	= seq_read_iter,
	.splice_read	= copy_splice_read,
	.write		= tracing_write_stub,
	.llseek		= tracing_lseek,
	.release	= tracing_release,
};

static const struct file_operations show_traces_fops = {
	.open		= show_traces_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
	.release	= tracing_seq_release,
};

static ssize_t
tracing_cpumask_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
		     size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = file_inode(filp)->i_private;
	char *mask_str __free(kfree) = NULL;
	int len;

	len = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%*pb\n",
		       cpumask_pr_args(tr->tracing_cpumask)) + 1;
	mask_str = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!mask_str)
		return -ENOMEM;

	len = snprintf(mask_str, len, "%*pb\n",
		       cpumask_pr_args(tr->tracing_cpumask));
	if (len >= count)
		return -EINVAL;

	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, count, ppos, mask_str, len);
}

int tracing_set_cpumask(struct trace_array *tr,
			cpumask_var_t tracing_cpumask_new)
{
	int cpu;

	if (!tr)
		return -EINVAL;

	local_irq_disable();
	arch_spin_lock(&tr->max_lock);
	for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
		/*
		 * Increase/decrease the disabled counter if we are
		 * about to flip a bit in the cpumask:
		 */
		if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, tr->tracing_cpumask) &&
				!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, tracing_cpumask_new)) {
			ring_buffer_record_disable_cpu(tr->array_buffer.buffer, cpu);
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
			ring_buffer_record_disable_cpu(tr->snapshot_buffer.buffer, cpu);
#endif
		}
		if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, tr->tracing_cpumask) &&
				cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, tracing_cpumask_new)) {
			ring_buffer_record_enable_cpu(tr->array_buffer.buffer, cpu);
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
			ring_buffer_record_enable_cpu(tr->snapshot_buffer.buffer, cpu);
#endif
		}
	}
	arch_spin_unlock(&tr->max_lock);
	local_irq_enable();

	cpumask_copy(tr->tracing_cpumask, tracing_cpumask_new);

	return 0;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_cpumask_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
		      size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = file_inode(filp)->i_private;
	cpumask_var_t tracing_cpumask_new;
	int err;

	if (count == 0 || count > KMALLOC_MAX_SIZE)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!zalloc_cpumask_var(&tracing_cpumask_new, GFP_KERNEL))
		return -ENOMEM;

	err = cpumask_parse_user(ubuf, count, tracing_cpumask_new);
	if (err)
		goto err_free;

	err = tracing_set_cpumask(tr, tracing_cpumask_new);
	if (err)
		goto err_free;

	free_cpumask_var(tracing_cpumask_new);

	return count;

err_free:
	free_cpumask_var(tracing_cpumask_new);

	return err;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_cpumask_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic_tr,
	.read		= tracing_cpumask_read,
	.write		= tracing_cpumask_write,
	.release	= tracing_release_generic_tr,
	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
};

static int tracing_trace_options_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct tracer_opt *trace_opts;
	struct trace_array *tr = m->private;
	struct tracer_flags *flags;
	u32 tracer_flags;
	int i;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	for (i = 0; trace_options[i]; i++) {
		if (tr->trace_flags & (1ULL << i))
			seq_printf(m, "%s\n", trace_options[i]);
		else
			seq_printf(m, "no%s\n", trace_options[i]);
	}

	flags = tr->current_trace_flags;
	if (!flags || !flags->opts)
		return 0;

	tracer_flags = flags->val;
	trace_opts = flags->opts;

	for (i = 0; trace_opts[i].name; i++) {
		if (tracer_flags & trace_opts[i].bit)
			seq_printf(m, "%s\n", trace_opts[i].name);
		else
			seq_printf(m, "no%s\n", trace_opts[i].name);
	}

	return 0;
}

static int __set_tracer_option(struct trace_array *tr,
			       struct tracer_flags *tracer_flags,
			       struct tracer_opt *opts, int neg)
{
	struct tracer *trace = tracer_flags->trace;
	int ret = 0;

	if (trace->set_flag)
		ret = trace->set_flag(tr, tracer_flags->val, opts->bit, !neg);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (neg)
		tracer_flags->val &= ~opts->bit;
	else
		tracer_flags->val |= opts->bit;
	return 0;
}

/* Try to assign a tracer specific option */
static int set_tracer_option(struct trace_array *tr, char *cmp, int neg)
{
	struct tracer_flags *tracer_flags = tr->current_trace_flags;
	struct tracer_opt *opts = NULL;
	int i;

	if (!tracer_flags || !tracer_flags->opts)
		return 0;

	for (i = 0; tracer_flags->opts[i].name; i++) {
		opts = &tracer_flags->opts[i];

		if (strcmp(cmp, opts->name) == 0)
			return __set_tracer_option(tr, tracer_flags, opts, neg);
	}

	return -EINVAL;
}

/* Some tracers require overwrite to stay enabled */
int trace_keep_overwrite(struct tracer *tracer, u64 mask, int set)
{
	if (tracer->enabled && (mask & TRACE_ITER(OVERWRITE)) && !set)
		return -1;

	return 0;
}

int set_tracer_flag(struct trace_array *tr, u64 mask, int enabled)
{
	switch (mask) {
	case TRACE_ITER(RECORD_TGID):
	case TRACE_ITER(RECORD_CMD):
	case TRACE_ITER(TRACE_PRINTK):
	case TRACE_ITER(COPY_MARKER):
		lockdep_assert_held(&event_mutex);
	}

	/* do nothing if flag is already set */
	if (!!(tr->trace_flags & mask) == !!enabled)
		return 0;

	/* Give the tracer a chance to approve the change */
	if (tr->current_trace->flag_changed)
		if (tr->current_trace->flag_changed(tr, mask, !!enabled))
			return -EINVAL;

	switch (mask) {
	case TRACE_ITER(TRACE_PRINTK):
		if (enabled) {
			update_printk_trace(tr);
		} else {
			/*
			 * The global_trace cannot clear this.
			 * It's flag only gets cleared if another instance sets it.
			 */
			if (printk_trace == &global_trace)
				return -EINVAL;
			/*
			 * An instance must always have it set.
			 * by default, that's the global_trace instance.
			 */
			if (printk_trace == tr)
				update_printk_trace(&global_trace);
		}
		break;

	case TRACE_ITER(COPY_MARKER):
		update_marker_trace(tr, enabled);
		/* update_marker_trace updates the tr->trace_flags */
		return 0;
	}

	if (enabled)
		tr->trace_flags |= mask;
	else
		tr->trace_flags &= ~mask;

	switch (mask) {
	case TRACE_ITER(RECORD_CMD):
		trace_event_enable_cmd_record(enabled);
		break;

	case TRACE_ITER(RECORD_TGID):

		if (trace_alloc_tgid_map() < 0) {
			tr->trace_flags &= ~TRACE_ITER(RECORD_TGID);
			return -ENOMEM;
		}

		trace_event_enable_tgid_record(enabled);
		break;

	case TRACE_ITER(EVENT_FORK):
		trace_event_follow_fork(tr, enabled);
		break;

	case TRACE_ITER(FUNC_FORK):
		ftrace_pid_follow_fork(tr, enabled);
		break;

	case TRACE_ITER(OVERWRITE):
		ring_buffer_change_overwrite(tr->array_buffer.buffer, enabled);
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
		ring_buffer_change_overwrite(tr->snapshot_buffer.buffer, enabled);
#endif
		break;

	case TRACE_ITER(PRINTK):
		trace_printk_start_stop_comm(enabled);
		trace_printk_control(enabled);
		break;

#if defined(CONFIG_FUNCTION_PROFILER) && defined(CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER)
	case TRACE_GRAPH_GRAPH_TIME:
		ftrace_graph_graph_time_control(enabled);
		break;
#endif
	}

	return 0;
}

int trace_set_options(struct trace_array *tr, char *option)
{
	char *cmp;
	int neg = 0;
	int ret;
	size_t orig_len = strlen(option);
	int len;

	cmp = strstrip(option);

	len = str_has_prefix(cmp, "no");
	if (len)
		neg = 1;

	cmp += len;

	mutex_lock(&event_mutex);
	mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);

	ret = match_string(trace_options, -1, cmp);
	/* If no option could be set, test the specific tracer options */
	if (ret < 0)
		ret = set_tracer_option(tr, cmp, neg);
	else
		ret = set_tracer_flag(tr, 1ULL << ret, !neg);

	mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
	mutex_unlock(&event_mutex);

	/*
	 * If the first trailing whitespace is replaced with '\0' by strstrip,
	 * turn it back into a space.
	 */
	if (orig_len > strlen(option))
		option[strlen(option)] = ' ';

	return ret;
}

static void __init apply_trace_boot_options(void)
{
	char *buf = trace_boot_options_buf;
	char *option;

	while (true) {
		option = strsep(&buf, ",");

		if (!option)
			break;

		if (*option)
			trace_set_options(&global_trace, option);

		/* Put back the comma to allow this to be called again */
		if (buf)
			*(buf - 1) = ',';
	}
}

static ssize_t
tracing_trace_options_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
			size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct seq_file *m = filp->private_data;
	struct trace_array *tr = m->private;
	char buf[64];
	int ret;

	if (cnt >= sizeof(buf))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (copy_from_user(buf, ubuf, cnt))
		return -EFAULT;

	buf[cnt] = 0;

	ret = trace_set_options(tr, buf);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	*ppos += cnt;

	return cnt;
}

static int tracing_trace_options_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = single_open(file, tracing_trace_options_show, inode->i_private);
	if (ret < 0)
		trace_array_put(tr);

	return ret;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_iter_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_trace_options_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
	.release	= tracing_single_release_tr,
	.write		= tracing_trace_options_write,
};

static const char readme_msg[] =
	"tracing mini-HOWTO:\n\n"
	"By default tracefs removes all OTH file permission bits.\n"
	"When mounting tracefs an optional group id can be specified\n"
	"which adds the group to every directory and file in tracefs:\n\n"
	"\t e.g. mount -t tracefs [-o [gid=<gid>]] nodev /sys/kernel/tracing\n\n"
	"# echo 0 > tracing_on : quick way to disable tracing\n"
	"# echo 1 > tracing_on : quick way to re-enable tracing\n\n"
	" Important files:\n"
	"  trace\t\t\t- The static contents of the buffer\n"
	"\t\t\t  To clear the buffer write into this file: echo > trace\n"
	"  trace_pipe\t\t- A consuming read to see the contents of the buffer\n"
	"  current_tracer\t- function and latency tracers\n"
	"  available_tracers\t- list of configured tracers for current_tracer\n"
	"  error_log\t- error log for failed commands (that support it)\n"
	"  buffer_size_kb\t- view and modify size of per cpu buffer\n"
	"  buffer_total_size_kb  - view total size of all cpu buffers\n\n"
	"  trace_clock\t\t- change the clock used to order events\n"
	"       local:   Per cpu clock but may not be synced across CPUs\n"
	"      global:   Synced across CPUs but slows tracing down.\n"
	"     counter:   Not a clock, but just an increment\n"
	"      uptime:   Jiffy counter from time of boot\n"
	"        perf:   Same clock that perf events use\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
	"     x86-tsc:   TSC cycle counter\n"
#endif
	"\n  timestamp_mode\t- view the mode used to timestamp events\n"
	"       delta:   Delta difference against a buffer-wide timestamp\n"
	"    absolute:   Absolute (standalone) timestamp\n"
	"\n  trace_marker\t\t- Writes into this file writes into the kernel buffer\n"
	"\n  trace_marker_raw\t\t- Writes into this file writes binary data into the kernel buffer\n"
	"  tracing_cpumask\t- Limit which CPUs to trace\n"
	"  instances\t\t- Make sub-buffers with: mkdir instances/foo\n"
	"\t\t\t  Remove sub-buffer with rmdir\n"
	"  trace_options\t\t- Set format or modify how tracing happens\n"
	"\t\t\t  Disable an option by prefixing 'no' to the\n"
	"\t\t\t  option name\n"
	"  saved_cmdlines_size\t- echo command number in here to store comm-pid list\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
	"\n  available_filter_functions - list of functions that can be filtered on\n"
	"  set_ftrace_filter\t- echo function name in here to only trace these\n"
	"\t\t\t  functions\n"
	"\t     accepts: func_full_name or glob-matching-pattern\n"
	"\t     modules: Can select a group via module\n"
	"\t      Format: :mod:<module-name>\n"
	"\t     example: echo :mod:ext3 > set_ftrace_filter\n"
	"\t    triggers: a command to perform when function is hit\n"
	"\t      Format: <function>:<trigger>[:count]\n"
	"\t     trigger: traceon, traceoff\n"
	"\t\t      enable_event:<system>:<event>\n"
	"\t\t      disable_event:<system>:<event>\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
	"\t\t      stacktrace\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	"\t\t      snapshot\n"
#endif
	"\t\t      dump\n"
	"\t\t      cpudump\n"
	"\t     example: echo do_fault:traceoff > set_ftrace_filter\n"
	"\t              echo do_trap:traceoff:3 > set_ftrace_filter\n"
	"\t     The first one will disable tracing every time do_fault is hit\n"
	"\t     The second will disable tracing at most 3 times when do_trap is hit\n"
	"\t       The first time do trap is hit and it disables tracing, the\n"
	"\t       counter will decrement to 2. If tracing is already disabled,\n"
	"\t       the counter will not decrement. It only decrements when the\n"
	"\t       trigger did work\n"
	"\t     To remove trigger without count:\n"
	"\t       echo '!<function>:<trigger> > set_ftrace_filter\n"
	"\t     To remove trigger with a count:\n"
	"\t       echo '!<function>:<trigger>:0 > set_ftrace_filter\n"
	"  set_ftrace_notrace\t- echo function name in here to never trace.\n"
	"\t    accepts: func_full_name, *func_end, func_begin*, *func_middle*\n"
	"\t    modules: Can select a group via module command :mod:\n"
	"\t    Does not accept triggers\n"
#endif /* CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE */
#ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER
	"  set_ftrace_pid\t- Write pid(s) to only function trace those pids\n"
	"\t\t    (function)\n"
	"  set_ftrace_notrace_pid\t- Write pid(s) to not function trace those pids\n"
	"\t\t    (function)\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
	"  set_graph_function\t- Trace the nested calls of a function (function_graph)\n"
	"  set_graph_notrace\t- Do not trace the nested calls of a function (function_graph)\n"
	"  max_graph_depth\t- Trace a limited depth of nested calls (0 is unlimited)\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	"\n  snapshot\t\t- Like 'trace' but shows the content of the static\n"
	"\t\t\t  snapshot buffer. Read the contents for more\n"
	"\t\t\t  information\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_STACK_TRACER
	"  stack_trace\t\t- Shows the max stack trace when active\n"
	"  stack_max_size\t- Shows current max stack size that was traced\n"
	"\t\t\t  Write into this file to reset the max size (trigger a\n"
	"\t\t\t  new trace)\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
	"  stack_trace_filter\t- Like set_ftrace_filter but limits what stack_trace\n"
	"\t\t\t  traces\n"
#endif
#endif /* CONFIG_STACK_TRACER */
#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_EVENTS
	"  dynamic_events\t\t- Create/append/remove/show the generic dynamic events\n"
	"\t\t\t  Write into this file to define/undefine new trace events.\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_KPROBE_EVENTS
	"  kprobe_events\t\t- Create/append/remove/show the kernel dynamic events\n"
	"\t\t\t  Write into this file to define/undefine new trace events.\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_UPROBE_EVENTS
	"  uprobe_events\t\t- Create/append/remove/show the userspace dynamic events\n"
	"\t\t\t  Write into this file to define/undefine new trace events.\n"
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_KPROBE_EVENTS) || defined(CONFIG_UPROBE_EVENTS) || \
    defined(CONFIG_FPROBE_EVENTS)
	"\t  accepts: event-definitions (one definition per line)\n"
#if defined(CONFIG_KPROBE_EVENTS) || defined(CONFIG_UPROBE_EVENTS)
	"\t   Format: p[:[<group>/][<event>]] <place> [<args>]\n"
	"\t           r[maxactive][:[<group>/][<event>]] <place> [<args>]\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_FPROBE_EVENTS
	"\t           f[:[<group>/][<event>]] <func-name>[%return] [<args>]\n"
	"\t           t[:[<group>/][<event>]] <tracepoint> [<args>]\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_HIST_TRIGGERS
	"\t           s:[synthetic/]<event> <field> [<field>]\n"
#endif
	"\t           e[:[<group>/][<event>]] <attached-group>.<attached-event> [<args>] [if <filter>]\n"
	"\t           -:[<group>/][<event>]\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_KPROBE_EVENTS
	"\t    place: [<module>:]<symbol>[+<offset>]|<memaddr>\n"
  "place (kretprobe): [<module>:]<symbol>[+<offset>]%return|<memaddr>\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_UPROBE_EVENTS
  "   place (uprobe): <path>:<offset>[%return][(ref_ctr_offset)]\n"
#endif
	"\t     args: <name>=fetcharg[:type]\n"
	"\t fetcharg: (%<register>|$<efield>), @<address>, @<symbol>[+|-<offset>],\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_FUNCTION_ARG_ACCESS_API
	"\t           $stack<index>, $stack, $retval, $comm, $arg<N>, $current\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_PROBE_EVENTS_BTF_ARGS
	"\t           [(structname[,field])]<argname>[->field[->field|.field...]],\n"
	"\t           [(structname[,field])](fetcharg)->field[->field|.field...],\n"
#endif
#else
	"\t           $stack<index>, $stack, $retval, $comm, $current\n"
#endif
	"\t           +|-[u]<offset>(<fetcharg>), \\imm-value, \\\"imm-string\"\n"
	"\t           this_cpu_read(<fetcharg>), this_cpu_ptr(<fetcharg>)\n"
	"\t     kernel return probes support: $retval, $arg<N>, $comm\n"
	"\t     type: s8/16/32/64, u8/16/32/64, x8/16/32/64, char, string, symbol,\n"
	"\t           b<bit-width>@<bit-offset>/<container-size>, ustring,\n"
	"\t           symstr, %pd/%pD, <type>\\[<array-size>\\]\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_HIST_TRIGGERS
	"\t    field: <stype> <name>;\n"
	"\t    stype: u8/u16/u32/u64, s8/s16/s32/s64, pid_t,\n"
	"\t           [unsigned] char/int/long\n"
#endif
	"\t    efield: For event probes ('e' types), the field is on of the fields\n"
	"\t            of the <attached-group>/<attached-event>.\n"
#endif
	"  set_event\t\t- Enables events by name written into it\n"
	"\t\t\t  Can enable module events via: :mod:<module>\n"
	"  events/\t\t- Directory containing all trace event subsystems:\n"
	"      enable\t\t- Write 0/1 to enable/disable tracing of all events\n"
	"  events/<system>/\t- Directory containing all trace events for <system>:\n"
	"      enable\t\t- Write 0/1 to enable/disable tracing of all <system>\n"
	"\t\t\t  events\n"
	"      filter\t\t- If set, only events passing filter are traced\n"
	"  events/<system>/<event>/\t- Directory containing control files for\n"
	"\t\t\t  <event>:\n"
	"      enable\t\t- Write 0/1 to enable/disable tracing of <event>\n"
	"      filter\t\t- If set, only events passing filter are traced\n"
	"      trigger\t\t- If set, a command to perform when event is hit\n"
	"\t    Format: <trigger>[:count][if <filter>]\n"
	"\t   trigger: traceon, traceoff\n"
	"\t            enable_event:<system>:<event>\n"
	"\t            disable_event:<system>:<event>\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_HIST_TRIGGERS
	"\t            enable_hist:<system>:<event>\n"
	"\t            disable_hist:<system>:<event>\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
	"\t\t    stacktrace\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	"\t\t    snapshot\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_HIST_TRIGGERS
	"\t\t    hist (see below)\n"
#endif
	"\t   example: echo traceoff > events/block/block_unplug/trigger\n"
	"\t            echo traceoff:3 > events/block/block_unplug/trigger\n"
	"\t            echo 'enable_event:kmem:kmalloc:3 if nr_rq > 1' > \\\n"
	"\t                  events/block/block_unplug/trigger\n"
	"\t   The first disables tracing every time block_unplug is hit.\n"
	"\t   The second disables tracing the first 3 times block_unplug is hit.\n"
	"\t   The third enables the kmalloc event the first 3 times block_unplug\n"
	"\t     is hit and has value of greater than 1 for the 'nr_rq' event field.\n"
	"\t   Like function triggers, the counter is only decremented if it\n"
	"\t    enabled or disabled tracing.\n"
	"\t   To remove a trigger without a count:\n"
	"\t     echo '!<trigger> > <system>/<event>/trigger\n"
	"\t   To remove a trigger with a count:\n"
	"\t     echo '!<trigger>:0 > <system>/<event>/trigger\n"
	"\t   Filters can be ignored when removing a trigger.\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_HIST_TRIGGERS
	"      hist trigger\t- If set, event hits are aggregated into a hash table\n"
	"\t    Format: hist:keys=<field1[,field2,...]>\n"
	"\t            [:<var1>=<field|var_ref|numeric_literal>[,<var2>=...]]\n"
	"\t            [:values=<field1[,field2,...]>]\n"
	"\t            [:sort=<field1[,field2,...]>]\n"
	"\t            [:size=#entries]\n"
	"\t            [:pause][:continue][:clear]\n"
	"\t            [:name=histname1]\n"
	"\t            [:nohitcount]\n"
	"\t            [:<handler>.<action>]\n"
	"\t            [if <filter>]\n\n"
	"\t    Note, special fields can be used as well:\n"
	"\t            common_timestamp - to record current timestamp\n"
	"\t            common_cpu - to record the CPU the event happened on\n"
	"\n"
	"\t    A hist trigger variable can be:\n"
	"\t        - a reference to a field e.g. x=current_timestamp,\n"
	"\t        - a reference to another variable e.g. y=$x,\n"
	"\t        - a numeric literal: e.g. ms_per_sec=1000,\n"
	"\t        - an arithmetic expression: e.g. time_secs=current_timestamp/1000\n"
	"\n"
	"\t    hist trigger arithmetic expressions support addition(+), subtraction(-),\n"
	"\t    multiplication(*) and division(/) operators. An operand can be either a\n"
	"\t    variable reference, field or numeric literal.\n"
	"\n"
	"\t    When a matching event is hit, an entry is added to a hash\n"
	"\t    table using the key(s) and value(s) named, and the value of a\n"
	"\t    sum called 'hitcount' is incremented.  Keys and values\n"
	"\t    correspond to fields in the event's format description.  Keys\n"
	"\t    can be any field, or the special string 'common_stacktrace'.\n"
	"\t    Compound keys consisting of up to two fields can be specified\n"
	"\t    by the 'keys' keyword.  Values must correspond to numeric\n"
	"\t    fields.  Sort keys consisting of up to two fields can be\n"
	"\t    specified using the 'sort' keyword.  The sort direction can\n"
	"\t    be modified by appending '.descending' or '.ascending' to a\n"
	"\t    sort field.  The 'size' parameter can be used to specify more\n"
	"\t    or fewer than the default 2048 entries for the hashtable size.\n"
	"\t    If a hist trigger is given a name using the 'name' parameter,\n"
	"\t    its histogram data will be shared with other triggers of the\n"
	"\t    same name, and trigger hits will update this common data.\n\n"
	"\t    Reading the 'hist' file for the event will dump the hash\n"
	"\t    table in its entirety to stdout.  If there are multiple hist\n"
	"\t    triggers attached to an event, there will be a table for each\n"
	"\t    trigger in the output.  The table displayed for a named\n"
	"\t    trigger will be the same as any other instance having the\n"
	"\t    same name.  The default format used to display a given field\n"
	"\t    can be modified by appending any of the following modifiers\n"
	"\t    to the field name, as applicable:\n\n"
	"\t            .hex        display a number as a hex value\n"
	"\t            .sym        display an address as a symbol\n"
	"\t            .sym-offset display an address as a symbol and offset\n"
	"\t            .execname   display a common_pid as a program name\n"
	"\t            .syscall    display a syscall id as a syscall name\n"
	"\t            .log2       display log2 value rather than raw number\n"
	"\t            .buckets=size  display values in groups of size rather than raw number\n"
	"\t            .usecs      display a common_timestamp in microseconds\n"
	"\t            .percent    display a number of percentage value\n"
	"\t            .graph      display a bar-graph of a value\n\n"
	"\t    The 'pause' parameter can be used to pause an existing hist\n"
	"\t    trigger or to start a hist trigger but not log any events\n"
	"\t    until told to do so.  'continue' can be used to start or\n"
	"\t    restart a paused hist trigger.\n\n"
	"\t    The 'clear' parameter will clear the contents of a running\n"
	"\t    hist trigger and leave its current paused/active state\n"
	"\t    unchanged.\n\n"
	"\t    The 'nohitcount' (or NOHC) parameter will suppress display of\n"
	"\t    raw hitcount in the histogram.\n\n"
	"\t    The enable_hist and disable_hist triggers can be used to\n"
	"\t    have one event conditionally start and stop another event's\n"
	"\t    already-attached hist trigger.  The syntax is analogous to\n"
	"\t    the enable_event and disable_event triggers.\n\n"
	"\t    Hist trigger handlers and actions are executed whenever a\n"
	"\t    a histogram entry is added or updated.  They take the form:\n\n"
	"\t        <handler>.<action>\n\n"
	"\t    The available handlers are:\n\n"
	"\t        onmatch(matching.event)  - invoke on addition or update\n"
	"\t        onmax(var)               - invoke if var exceeds current max\n"
	"\t        onchange(var)            - invoke action if var changes\n\n"
	"\t    The available actions are:\n\n"
	"\t        trace(<synthetic_event>,param list)  - generate synthetic event\n"
	"\t        save(field,...)                      - save current event fields\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	"\t        snapshot()                           - snapshot the trace buffer\n\n"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SYNTH_EVENTS
	"  synthetic_events\t- Create/append/remove/show synthetic events\n"
	"\t  Write into this file to define/undefine new synthetic events.\n"
	"\t     example: echo 'myevent u64 lat; char name[]; long[] stack' >> synthetic_events\n"
#endif
#endif
;

static ssize_t
tracing_readme_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
		       size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos,
					readme_msg, strlen(readme_msg));
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_readme_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic,
	.read		= tracing_readme_read,
	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
};

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_EVAL_MAP_FILE
static union trace_eval_map_item *
update_eval_map(union trace_eval_map_item *ptr)
{
	if (!ptr->map.eval_string) {
		if (ptr->tail.next) {
			ptr = ptr->tail.next;
			/* Set ptr to the next real item (skip head) */
			ptr++;
		} else
			return NULL;
	}
	return ptr;
}

static void *eval_map_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
	union trace_eval_map_item *ptr = v;

	/*
	 * Paranoid! If ptr points to end, we don't want to increment past it.
	 * This really should never happen.
	 */
	(*pos)++;
	ptr = update_eval_map(ptr);
	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!ptr))
		return NULL;

	ptr++;
	ptr = update_eval_map(ptr);

	return ptr;
}

static void *eval_map_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
{
	union trace_eval_map_item *v;
	loff_t l = 0;

	mutex_lock(&trace_eval_mutex);

	v = trace_eval_maps;
	if (v)
		v++;

	while (v && l < *pos) {
		v = eval_map_next(m, v, &l);
	}

	return v;
}

static void eval_map_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	mutex_unlock(&trace_eval_mutex);
}

static int eval_map_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	union trace_eval_map_item *ptr = v;

	seq_printf(m, "%s %ld (%s)\n",
		   ptr->map.eval_string, ptr->map.eval_value,
		   ptr->map.system);

	return 0;
}

static const struct seq_operations tracing_eval_map_seq_ops = {
	.start		= eval_map_start,
	.next		= eval_map_next,
	.stop		= eval_map_stop,
	.show		= eval_map_show,
};

static int tracing_eval_map_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(NULL);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	return seq_open(filp, &tracing_eval_map_seq_ops);
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_eval_map_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_eval_map_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
	.release	= seq_release,
};

static inline union trace_eval_map_item *
trace_eval_jmp_to_tail(union trace_eval_map_item *ptr)
{
	/* Return tail of array given the head */
	return ptr + ptr->head.length + 1;
}

static void
trace_insert_eval_map_file(struct module *mod, struct trace_eval_map **start,
			   int len)
{
	struct trace_eval_map **stop;
	struct trace_eval_map **map;
	union trace_eval_map_item *map_array;
	union trace_eval_map_item *ptr;

	stop = start + len;

	/*
	 * The trace_eval_maps contains the map plus a head and tail item,
	 * where the head holds the module and length of array, and the
	 * tail holds a pointer to the next list.
	 */
	map_array = kmalloc_objs(*map_array, len + 2);
	if (!map_array) {
		pr_warn("Unable to allocate trace eval mapping\n");
		return;
	}

	guard(mutex)(&trace_eval_mutex);

	if (!trace_eval_maps)
		trace_eval_maps = map_array;
	else {
		ptr = trace_eval_maps;
		for (;;) {
			ptr = trace_eval_jmp_to_tail(ptr);
			if (!ptr->tail.next)
				break;
			ptr = ptr->tail.next;

		}
		ptr->tail.next = map_array;
	}
	map_array->head.mod = mod;
	map_array->head.length = len;
	map_array++;

	for (map = start; (unsigned long)map < (unsigned long)stop; map++) {
		map_array->map = **map;
		map_array++;
	}
	memset(map_array, 0, sizeof(*map_array));
}

static void trace_create_eval_file(struct dentry *d_tracer)
{
	trace_create_file("eval_map", TRACE_MODE_READ, d_tracer,
			  NULL, &tracing_eval_map_fops);
}

#else /* CONFIG_TRACE_EVAL_MAP_FILE */
static inline void trace_create_eval_file(struct dentry *d_tracer) { }
static inline void trace_insert_eval_map_file(struct module *mod,
			      struct trace_eval_map **start, int len) { }
#endif /* !CONFIG_TRACE_EVAL_MAP_FILE */

static void
trace_event_update_with_eval_map(struct module *mod,
				 struct trace_eval_map **start,
				 int len)
{
	struct trace_eval_map **map;

	/* Always run sanitizer only if btf_type_tag attr exists. */
	if (len <= 0) {
		if (!(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF) &&
		      IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PAHOLE_HAS_BTF_TAG) &&
		      __has_attribute(btf_type_tag)))
			return;
	}

	map = start;

	trace_event_update_all(map, len, mod);

	if (len <= 0)
		return;

	trace_insert_eval_map_file(mod, start, len);
}

static ssize_t
tracing_set_trace_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
		       size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
	char buf[MAX_TRACER_SIZE+2];
	int r;

	scoped_guard(mutex, &trace_types_lock) {
		r = sprintf(buf, "%s\n", tr->current_trace->name);
	}

	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
}

int tracer_init(struct tracer *t, struct trace_array *tr)
{
	tracing_reset_online_cpus(&tr->array_buffer);
	__update_last_data_if_empty(tr);
	return t->init(tr);
}

void trace_set_buffer_entries(struct array_buffer *buf, unsigned long val)
{
	int cpu;

	for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu)
		per_cpu_ptr(buf->data, cpu)->entries = val;
}

static void update_buffer_entries(struct array_buffer *buf, int cpu)
{
	if (cpu == RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS) {
		trace_set_buffer_entries(buf, ring_buffer_size(buf->buffer, 0));
	} else {
		per_cpu_ptr(buf->data, cpu)->entries = ring_buffer_size(buf->buffer, cpu);
	}
}

static int __tracing_resize_ring_buffer(struct trace_array *tr,
					unsigned long size, int cpu)
{
	int ret;

	/*
	 * If kernel or user changes the size of the ring buffer
	 * we use the size that was given, and we can forget about
	 * expanding it later.
	 */
	trace_set_ring_buffer_expanded(tr);

	/* May be called before buffers are initialized */
	if (!tr->array_buffer.buffer)
		return 0;

	/* Do not allow tracing while resizing ring buffer */
	tracing_stop_tr(tr);

	ret = ring_buffer_resize(tr->array_buffer.buffer, size, cpu);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out_start;

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	if (!tr->allocated_snapshot)
		goto out;

	ret = ring_buffer_resize(tr->snapshot_buffer.buffer, size, cpu);
	if (ret < 0) {
		int r = resize_buffer_duplicate_size(&tr->array_buffer,
						     &tr->array_buffer, cpu);
		if (r < 0) {
			/*
			 * AARGH! We are left with different
			 * size max buffer!!!!
			 * The max buffer is our "snapshot" buffer.
			 * When a tracer needs a snapshot (one of the
			 * latency tracers), it swaps the max buffer
			 * with the saved snap shot. We succeeded to
			 * update the size of the main buffer, but failed to
			 * update the size of the max buffer. But when we tried
			 * to reset the main buffer to the original size, we
			 * failed there too. This is very unlikely to
			 * happen, but if it does, warn and kill all
			 * tracing.
			 */
			WARN_ON(1);
			tracing_disabled = 1;
		}
		goto out_start;
	}

	update_buffer_entries(&tr->snapshot_buffer, cpu);

 out:
#endif /* CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT */

	update_buffer_entries(&tr->array_buffer, cpu);
 out_start:
	tracing_start_tr(tr);
	return ret;
}

ssize_t tracing_resize_ring_buffer(struct trace_array *tr,
				  unsigned long size, int cpu_id)
{
	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	if (cpu_id != RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS) {
		/* make sure, this cpu is enabled in the mask */
		if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu_id, tracing_buffer_mask))
			return -EINVAL;
	}

	return __tracing_resize_ring_buffer(tr, size, cpu_id);
}

struct trace_mod_entry {
	unsigned long	mod_addr;
	char		mod_name[MODULE_NAME_LEN];
};

struct trace_scratch {
	unsigned int		clock_id;
	unsigned long		text_addr;
	unsigned long		nr_entries;
	struct trace_mod_entry	entries[];
};

static DEFINE_MUTEX(scratch_mutex);

static int cmp_mod_entry(const void *key, const void *pivot)
{
	unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)key;
	const struct trace_mod_entry *ent = pivot;

	if (addr < ent[0].mod_addr)
		return -1;

	return addr >= ent[1].mod_addr;
}

/**
 * trace_adjust_address() - Adjust prev boot address to current address.
 * @tr: Persistent ring buffer's trace_array.
 * @addr: Address in @tr which is adjusted.
 */
unsigned long trace_adjust_address(struct trace_array *tr, unsigned long addr)
{
	struct trace_module_delta *module_delta;
	struct trace_scratch *tscratch;
	struct trace_mod_entry *entry;
	unsigned long raddr;
	int idx = 0, nr_entries;

	/* If we don't have last boot delta, return the address */
	if (!(tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_LAST_BOOT))
		return addr;

	/* tr->module_delta must be protected by rcu. */
	guard(rcu)();
	tscratch = tr->scratch;
	/* if there is no tscrach, module_delta must be NULL. */
	module_delta = READ_ONCE(tr->module_delta);
	if (!module_delta || !tscratch->nr_entries ||
	    tscratch->entries[0].mod_addr > addr) {
		raddr = addr + tr->text_delta;
		return __is_kernel(raddr) || is_kernel_core_data(raddr) ||
			is_kernel_rodata(raddr) ? raddr : addr;
	}

	/* Note that entries must be sorted. */
	nr_entries = tscratch->nr_entries;
	if (nr_entries == 1 ||
	    tscratch->entries[nr_entries - 1].mod_addr < addr)
		idx = nr_entries - 1;
	else {
		entry = __inline_bsearch((void *)addr,
				tscratch->entries,
				nr_entries - 1,
				sizeof(tscratch->entries[0]),
				cmp_mod_entry);
		if (entry)
			idx = entry - tscratch->entries;
	}

	return addr + module_delta->delta[idx];
}

#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
static int save_mod(struct module *mod, void *data)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = data;
	struct trace_scratch *tscratch;
	struct trace_mod_entry *entry;
	unsigned int size;

	tscratch = tr->scratch;
	if (!tscratch)
		return -1;
	size = tr->scratch_size;

	if (struct_size(tscratch, entries, tscratch->nr_entries + 1) > size)
		return -1;

	entry = &tscratch->entries[tscratch->nr_entries];

	tscratch->nr_entries++;

	entry->mod_addr = (unsigned long)mod->mem[MOD_TEXT].base;
	strscpy(entry->mod_name, mod->name);

	return 0;
}
#else
static int save_mod(struct module *mod, void *data)
{
	return 0;
}
#endif

static void update_last_data(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	struct trace_module_delta *module_delta;
	struct trace_scratch *tscratch;

	if (!(tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_BOOT))
		return;

	if (!(tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_LAST_BOOT))
		return;

	/* Only if the buffer has previous boot data clear and update it. */
	tr->flags &= ~TRACE_ARRAY_FL_LAST_BOOT;

	/* If this is a backup instance, mark it for autoremove. */
	if (tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_VMALLOC)
		tr->free_on_close = true;

	/* Reset the module list and reload them */
	if (tr->scratch) {
		struct trace_scratch *tscratch = tr->scratch;

		tscratch->clock_id = tr->clock_id;
		memset(tscratch->entries, 0,
		       flex_array_size(tscratch, entries, tscratch->nr_entries));
		tscratch->nr_entries = 0;

		guard(mutex)(&scratch_mutex);
		module_for_each_mod(save_mod, tr);
	}

	/*
	 * Need to clear all CPU buffers as there cannot be events
	 * from the previous boot mixed with events with this boot
	 * as that will cause a confusing trace. Need to clear all
	 * CPU buffers, even for those that may currently be offline.
	 */
	tracing_reset_all_cpus(&tr->array_buffer);

	/* Using current data now */
	tr->text_delta = 0;

	if (!tr->scratch)
		return;

	tscratch = tr->scratch;
	module_delta = READ_ONCE(tr->module_delta);
	WRITE_ONCE(tr->module_delta, NULL);
	kfree_rcu(module_delta, rcu);

	/* Set the persistent ring buffer meta data to this address */
	tscratch->text_addr = (unsigned long)_text;
}

/**
 * tracing_update_buffers - used by tracing facility to expand ring buffers
 * @tr: The tracing instance
 *
 * To save on memory when the tracing is never used on a system with it
 * configured in. The ring buffers are set to a minimum size. But once
 * a user starts to use the tracing facility, then they need to grow
 * to their default size.
 *
 * This function is to be called when a tracer is about to be used.
 */
int tracing_update_buffers(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	int ret = 0;

	if (!tr)
		tr = &global_trace;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	update_last_data(tr);

	if (!tr->ring_buffer_expanded)
		ret = __tracing_resize_ring_buffer(tr, trace_buf_size,
						RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Used to clear out the tracer before deletion of an instance.
 * Must have trace_types_lock held.
 */
static void tracing_set_nop(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	if (tr->current_trace == &nop_trace)
		return;

	tr->current_trace->enabled--;

	if (tr->current_trace->reset)
		tr->current_trace->reset(tr);

	tr->current_trace = &nop_trace;
	tr->current_trace_flags = nop_trace.flags;
}

static bool tracer_options_updated;

int tracing_set_tracer(struct trace_array *tr, const char *buf)
{
	struct tracer *trace = NULL;
	struct tracers *t;
	bool had_max_tr;
	int ret;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	update_last_data(tr);

	if (!tr->ring_buffer_expanded) {
		ret = __tracing_resize_ring_buffer(tr, trace_buf_size,
						RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS);
		if (ret < 0)
			return ret;
	}

	list_for_each_entry(t, &tr->tracers, list) {
		if (strcmp(t->tracer->name, buf) == 0) {
			trace = t->tracer;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (!trace)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (trace == tr->current_trace)
		return 0;

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	if (tracer_uses_snapshot(trace)) {
		local_irq_disable();
		arch_spin_lock(&tr->max_lock);
		ret = tr->cond_snapshot ? -EBUSY : 0;
		arch_spin_unlock(&tr->max_lock);
		local_irq_enable();
		if (ret)
			return ret;
	}
#endif
	/* Some tracers won't work on kernel command line */
	if (system_state < SYSTEM_RUNNING && trace->noboot) {
		pr_warn("Tracer '%s' is not allowed on command line, ignored\n",
			trace->name);
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	/* Some tracers are only allowed for the top level buffer */
	if (!trace_ok_for_array(trace, tr))
		return -EINVAL;

	/* If trace pipe files are being read, we can't change the tracer */
	if (tr->trace_ref)
		return -EBUSY;

	trace_branch_disable();

	tr->current_trace->enabled--;

	if (tr->current_trace->reset)
		tr->current_trace->reset(tr);

	had_max_tr = tracer_uses_snapshot(tr->current_trace);

	/* Current trace needs to be nop_trace before synchronize_rcu */
	tr->current_trace = &nop_trace;
	tr->current_trace_flags = nop_trace.flags;

	if (had_max_tr && !tracer_uses_snapshot(trace)) {
		/*
		 * We need to make sure that the update_max_tr sees that
		 * current_trace changed to nop_trace to keep it from
		 * swapping the buffers after we resize it.
		 * The update_max_tr is called from interrupts disabled
		 * so a synchronized_sched() is sufficient.
		 */
		synchronize_rcu();
		free_snapshot(tr);
		tracing_disarm_snapshot(tr);
	}

	if (!had_max_tr && tracer_uses_snapshot(trace)) {
		ret = tracing_arm_snapshot_locked(tr);
		if (ret)
			return ret;
	}

	if (t->flags)
		tr->current_trace_flags = t->flags;
	else if (t->tracer->flags)
		tr->current_trace_flags = t->tracer->flags;
	else
		tr->current_trace_flags = &no_tracer_flags;

	if (trace->init) {
		ret = tracer_init(trace, tr);
		if (ret) {
			if (tracer_uses_snapshot(trace))
				tracing_disarm_snapshot(tr);
			tr->current_trace_flags = nop_trace.flags;
			return ret;
		}
	}

	tr->current_trace = trace;
	tr->current_trace->enabled++;
	trace_branch_enable(tr);

	return 0;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_set_trace_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
			size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
	char buf[MAX_TRACER_SIZE+1];
	char *name;
	size_t ret;
	int err;

	ret = cnt;

	if (cnt > MAX_TRACER_SIZE)
		cnt = MAX_TRACER_SIZE;

	if (copy_from_user(buf, ubuf, cnt))
		return -EFAULT;

	buf[cnt] = 0;

	name = strim(buf);

	err = tracing_set_tracer(tr, name);
	if (err)
		return err;

	*ppos += ret;

	return ret;
}

ssize_t tracing_nsecs_read(unsigned long *ptr, char __user *ubuf,
			   size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	char buf[64];
	int r;

	r = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%ld\n",
		     *ptr == (unsigned long)-1 ? -1 : nsecs_to_usecs(*ptr));
	if (r > sizeof(buf))
		r = sizeof(buf);
	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
}

ssize_t tracing_nsecs_write(unsigned long *ptr, const char __user *ubuf,
			    size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	unsigned long val;
	int ret;

	ret = kstrtoul_from_user(ubuf, cnt, 10, &val);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	*ptr = val * 1000;

	return cnt;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_thresh_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
		    size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	return tracing_nsecs_read(&tracing_thresh, ubuf, cnt, ppos);
}

static ssize_t
tracing_thresh_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
		     size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
	int ret;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);
	ret = tracing_nsecs_write(&tracing_thresh, ubuf, cnt, ppos);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	if (tr->current_trace->update_thresh) {
		ret = tr->current_trace->update_thresh(tr);
		if (ret < 0)
			return ret;
	}

	return cnt;
}

static int open_pipe_on_cpu(struct trace_array *tr, int cpu)
{
	if (cpu == RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS) {
		if (cpumask_empty(tr->pipe_cpumask)) {
			cpumask_setall(tr->pipe_cpumask);
			return 0;
		}
	} else if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, tr->pipe_cpumask)) {
		cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, tr->pipe_cpumask);
		return 0;
	}
	return -EBUSY;
}

static void close_pipe_on_cpu(struct trace_array *tr, int cpu)
{
	if (cpu == RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS) {
		WARN_ON(!cpumask_full(tr->pipe_cpumask));
		cpumask_clear(tr->pipe_cpumask);
	} else {
		WARN_ON(!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, tr->pipe_cpumask));
		cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, tr->pipe_cpumask);
	}
}

static int tracing_open_pipe(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	struct trace_iterator *iter;
	int cpu;
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);
	cpu = tracing_get_cpu(inode);
	ret = open_pipe_on_cpu(tr, cpu);
	if (ret)
		goto fail_pipe_on_cpu;

	/* create a buffer to store the information to pass to userspace */
	iter = kzalloc_obj(*iter);
	if (!iter) {
		ret = -ENOMEM;
		goto fail_alloc_iter;
	}

	trace_seq_init(&iter->seq);
	iter->trace = tr->current_trace;

	if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&iter->started, GFP_KERNEL)) {
		ret = -ENOMEM;
		goto fail;
	}

	/* trace pipe does not show start of buffer */
	cpumask_setall(iter->started);

	if (tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(LATENCY_FMT))
		iter->iter_flags |= TRACE_FILE_LAT_FMT;

	/* Output in nanoseconds only if we are using a clock in nanoseconds. */
	if (trace_clocks[tr->clock_id].in_ns)
		iter->iter_flags |= TRACE_FILE_TIME_IN_NS;

	iter->tr = tr;
	iter->array_buffer = &tr->array_buffer;
	iter->cpu_file = cpu;
	mutex_init(&iter->mutex);
	filp->private_data = iter;

	if (iter->trace->pipe_open)
		iter->trace->pipe_open(iter);

	nonseekable_open(inode, filp);

	tr->trace_ref++;

	return ret;

fail:
	kfree(iter);
fail_alloc_iter:
	close_pipe_on_cpu(tr, cpu);
fail_pipe_on_cpu:
	__trace_array_put(tr);
	return ret;
}

static int tracing_release_pipe(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_iterator *iter = file->private_data;
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;

	scoped_guard(mutex, &trace_types_lock) {
		tr->trace_ref--;

		if (iter->trace->pipe_close)
			iter->trace->pipe_close(iter);
		close_pipe_on_cpu(tr, iter->cpu_file);
	}

	free_trace_iter_content(iter);
	kfree(iter);

	trace_array_put(tr);

	return 0;
}

static __poll_t
trace_poll(struct trace_iterator *iter, struct file *filp, poll_table *poll_table)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = iter->tr;

	/* Iterators are static, they should be filled or empty */
	if (trace_buffer_iter(iter, iter->cpu_file))
		return EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM;

	if (tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(BLOCK))
		/*
		 * Always select as readable when in blocking mode
		 */
		return EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM;
	else
		return ring_buffer_poll_wait(iter->array_buffer->buffer, iter->cpu_file,
					     filp, poll_table, iter->tr->buffer_percent);
}

static __poll_t
tracing_poll_pipe(struct file *filp, poll_table *poll_table)
{
	struct trace_iterator *iter = filp->private_data;

	return trace_poll(iter, filp, poll_table);
}

/* Must be called with iter->mutex held. */
static int tracing_wait_pipe(struct file *filp)
{
	struct trace_iterator *iter = filp->private_data;
	int ret;

	while (trace_empty(iter)) {

		if ((filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)) {
			return -EAGAIN;
		}

		/*
		 * We block until we read something and tracing is disabled.
		 * We still block if tracing is disabled, but we have never
		 * read anything. This allows a user to cat this file, and
		 * then enable tracing. But after we have read something,
		 * we give an EOF when tracing is again disabled.
		 *
		 * iter->pos will be 0 if we haven't read anything.
		 */
		if (!tracer_tracing_is_on(iter->tr) && iter->pos)
			break;

		mutex_unlock(&iter->mutex);

		ret = wait_on_pipe(iter, 0);

		mutex_lock(&iter->mutex);

		if (ret)
			return ret;
	}

	return 1;
}

static bool __update_last_data_if_empty(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	lockdep_assert_held(&trace_types_lock);

	if (!(tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_LAST_BOOT))
		return false;

	if (!ring_buffer_empty(tr->array_buffer.buffer))
		return false;

	/*
	 * If the buffer contains the last boot data and all per-cpu
	 * buffers are empty, reset it from the kernel side.
	 */
	update_last_data(tr);
	return true;
}

static bool update_last_data_if_empty(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	/* Avoid the lock on the read path unless this is a last boot buffer */
	if (!(tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_LAST_BOOT))
		return false;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);
	return __update_last_data_if_empty(tr);
}

/*
 * Consumer reader.
 */
static ssize_t
tracing_read_pipe(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
		  size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_iterator *iter = filp->private_data;
	ssize_t sret;

	/*
	 * Avoid more than one consumer on a single file descriptor
	 * This is just a matter of traces coherency, the ring buffer itself
	 * is protected.
	 */
	guard(mutex)(&iter->mutex);

	/* return any leftover data */
	sret = trace_seq_to_user(&iter->seq, ubuf, cnt);
	if (sret != -EBUSY)
		return sret;

	trace_seq_init(&iter->seq);

	if (iter->trace->read) {
		sret = iter->trace->read(iter, filp, ubuf, cnt, ppos);
		if (sret)
			return sret;
	}

waitagain:
	if (update_last_data_if_empty(iter->tr))
		return 0;

	sret = tracing_wait_pipe(filp);
	if (sret <= 0)
		return sret;

	/* stop when tracing is finished */
	if (trace_empty(iter))
		return 0;

	if (cnt >= TRACE_SEQ_BUFFER_SIZE)
		cnt = TRACE_SEQ_BUFFER_SIZE - 1;

	/* reset all but tr, trace, and overruns */
	trace_iterator_reset(iter);
	cpumask_clear(iter->started);
	trace_seq_init(&iter->seq);

	trace_event_read_lock();
	trace_access_lock(iter->cpu_file);
	while (trace_find_next_entry_inc(iter) != NULL) {
		enum print_line_t ret;
		int save_len = iter->seq.seq.len;

		ret = print_trace_line(iter);
		if (ret == TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE) {
			/*
			 * If one print_trace_line() fills entire trace_seq in one shot,
			 * trace_seq_to_user() will returns -EBUSY because save_len == 0,
			 * In this case, we need to consume it, otherwise, loop will peek
			 * this event next time, resulting in an infinite loop.
			 */
			if (save_len == 0) {
				iter->seq.full = 0;
				trace_seq_puts(&iter->seq, "[LINE TOO BIG]\n");
				trace_consume(iter);
				break;
			}

			/* In other cases, don't print partial lines */
			iter->seq.seq.len = save_len;
			break;
		}
		if (ret != TRACE_TYPE_NO_CONSUME)
			trace_consume(iter);

		if (trace_seq_used(&iter->seq) >= cnt)
			break;

		/*
		 * Setting the full flag means we reached the trace_seq buffer
		 * size and we should leave by partial output condition above.
		 * One of the trace_seq_* functions is not used properly.
		 */
		WARN_ONCE(iter->seq.full, "full flag set for trace type %d",
			  iter->ent->type);
	}
	trace_access_unlock(iter->cpu_file);
	trace_event_read_unlock();

	/* Now copy what we have to the user */
	sret = trace_seq_to_user(&iter->seq, ubuf, cnt);
	if (iter->seq.readpos >= trace_seq_used(&iter->seq))
		trace_seq_init(&iter->seq);

	/*
	 * If there was nothing to send to user, in spite of consuming trace
	 * entries, go back to wait for more entries.
	 */
	if (sret == -EBUSY)
		goto waitagain;

	return sret;
}

static void tracing_spd_release_pipe(struct splice_pipe_desc *spd,
				     unsigned int idx)
{
	__free_page(spd->pages[idx]);
}

static size_t
tracing_fill_pipe_page(size_t rem, struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	size_t count;
	int save_len;
	int ret;

	/* Seq buffer is page-sized, exactly what we need. */
	for (;;) {
		save_len = iter->seq.seq.len;
		ret = print_trace_line(iter);

		if (trace_seq_has_overflowed(&iter->seq)) {
			iter->seq.seq.len = save_len;
			break;
		}

		/*
		 * This should not be hit, because it should only
		 * be set if the iter->seq overflowed. But check it
		 * anyway to be safe.
		 */
		if (ret == TRACE_TYPE_PARTIAL_LINE) {
			iter->seq.seq.len = save_len;
			break;
		}

		count = trace_seq_used(&iter->seq) - save_len;
		if (rem < count) {
			rem = 0;
			iter->seq.seq.len = save_len;
			break;
		}

		if (ret != TRACE_TYPE_NO_CONSUME)
			trace_consume(iter);
		rem -= count;
		if (!trace_find_next_entry_inc(iter))	{
			rem = 0;
			iter->ent = NULL;
			break;
		}
	}

	return rem;
}

static ssize_t tracing_splice_read_pipe(struct file *filp,
					loff_t *ppos,
					struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
					size_t len,
					unsigned int flags)
{
	struct page *pages_def[PIPE_DEF_BUFFERS];
	struct partial_page partial_def[PIPE_DEF_BUFFERS];
	struct trace_iterator *iter = filp->private_data;
	struct splice_pipe_desc spd = {
		.pages		= pages_def,
		.partial	= partial_def,
		.nr_pages	= 0, /* This gets updated below. */
		.nr_pages_max	= PIPE_DEF_BUFFERS,
		.ops		= &default_pipe_buf_ops,
		.spd_release	= tracing_spd_release_pipe,
	};
	ssize_t ret;
	size_t rem;
	unsigned int i;

	if (splice_grow_spd(pipe, &spd))
		return -ENOMEM;

	mutex_lock(&iter->mutex);

	if (iter->trace->splice_read) {
		ret = iter->trace->splice_read(iter, filp,
					       ppos, pipe, len, flags);
		if (ret)
			goto out_err;
	}

	ret = tracing_wait_pipe(filp);
	if (ret <= 0)
		goto out_err;

	if (!iter->ent && !trace_find_next_entry_inc(iter)) {
		ret = -EFAULT;
		goto out_err;
	}

	trace_event_read_lock();
	trace_access_lock(iter->cpu_file);

	/* Fill as many pages as possible. */
	for (i = 0, rem = len; i < spd.nr_pages_max && rem; i++) {
		spd.pages[i] = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!spd.pages[i])
			break;

		rem = tracing_fill_pipe_page(rem, iter);

		/* Copy the data into the page, so we can start over. */
		ret = trace_seq_to_buffer(&iter->seq,
					  page_address(spd.pages[i]),
					  min((size_t)trace_seq_used(&iter->seq),
						  (size_t)PAGE_SIZE));
		if (ret < 0) {
			__free_page(spd.pages[i]);
			break;
		}
		spd.partial[i].offset = 0;
		spd.partial[i].len = ret;

		trace_seq_init(&iter->seq);
	}

	trace_access_unlock(iter->cpu_file);
	trace_event_read_unlock();
	mutex_unlock(&iter->mutex);

	spd.nr_pages = i;

	if (i)
		ret = splice_to_pipe(pipe, &spd);
	else
		ret = 0;
out:
	splice_shrink_spd(&spd);
	return ret;

out_err:
	mutex_unlock(&iter->mutex);
	goto out;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_syscall_buf_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
			 size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct inode *inode = file_inode(filp);
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	char buf[64];
	int r;

	r = snprintf(buf, 64, "%d\n", tr->syscall_buf_sz);

	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
}

static ssize_t
tracing_syscall_buf_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
			  size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct inode *inode = file_inode(filp);
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	unsigned long val;
	int ret;

	ret = kstrtoul_from_user(ubuf, cnt, 10, &val);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (val > SYSCALL_FAULT_USER_MAX)
		val = SYSCALL_FAULT_USER_MAX;

	tr->syscall_buf_sz = val;

	*ppos += cnt;

	return cnt;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_entries_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
		     size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct inode *inode = file_inode(filp);
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	int cpu = tracing_get_cpu(inode);
	char buf[64];
	int r = 0;
	ssize_t ret;

	mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);

	if (cpu == RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS) {
		int cpu, buf_size_same;
		unsigned long size;

		size = 0;
		buf_size_same = 1;
		/* check if all cpu sizes are same */
		for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
			/* fill in the size from first enabled cpu */
			if (size == 0)
				size = per_cpu_ptr(tr->array_buffer.data, cpu)->entries;
			if (size != per_cpu_ptr(tr->array_buffer.data, cpu)->entries) {
				buf_size_same = 0;
				break;
			}
		}

		if (buf_size_same) {
			if (!tr->ring_buffer_expanded)
				r = sprintf(buf, "%lu (expanded: %lu)\n",
					    size >> 10,
					    trace_buf_size >> 10);
			else
				r = sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", size >> 10);
		} else
			r = sprintf(buf, "X\n");
	} else
		r = sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", per_cpu_ptr(tr->array_buffer.data, cpu)->entries >> 10);

	mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

	ret = simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
	return ret;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_entries_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
		      size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct inode *inode = file_inode(filp);
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	unsigned long val;
	int ret;

	ret = kstrtoul_from_user(ubuf, cnt, 10, &val);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	/* must have at least 1 entry */
	if (!val)
		return -EINVAL;

	/* value is in KB */
	val <<= 10;
	ret = tracing_resize_ring_buffer(tr, val, tracing_get_cpu(inode));
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	*ppos += cnt;

	return cnt;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_total_entries_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
				size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
	char buf[64];
	int r, cpu;
	unsigned long size = 0, expanded_size = 0;

	mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
	for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu) {
		size += per_cpu_ptr(tr->array_buffer.data, cpu)->entries >> 10;
		if (!tr->ring_buffer_expanded)
			expanded_size += trace_buf_size >> 10;
	}
	if (tr->ring_buffer_expanded)
		r = sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", size);
	else
		r = sprintf(buf, "%lu (expanded: %lu)\n", size, expanded_size);
	mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
}

#define LAST_BOOT_HEADER ((void *)1)

static void *l_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = m->private;
	struct trace_scratch *tscratch = tr->scratch;
	unsigned int index = *pos;

	(*pos)++;

	if (*pos == 1)
		return LAST_BOOT_HEADER;

	/* Only show offsets of the last boot data */
	if (!tscratch || !(tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_LAST_BOOT))
		return NULL;

	/* *pos 0 is for the header, 1 is for the first module */
	index--;

	if (index >= tscratch->nr_entries)
		return NULL;

	return &tscratch->entries[index];
}

static void *l_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
{
	mutex_lock(&scratch_mutex);

	return l_next(m, NULL, pos);
}

static void l_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
{
	mutex_unlock(&scratch_mutex);
}

static void show_last_boot_header(struct seq_file *m, struct trace_array *tr)
{
	struct trace_scratch *tscratch = tr->scratch;

	/*
	 * Do not leak KASLR address. This only shows the KASLR address of
	 * the last boot. When the ring buffer is started, the LAST_BOOT
	 * flag gets cleared, and this should only report "current".
	 * Otherwise it shows the KASLR address from the previous boot which
	 * should not be the same as the current boot.
	 */
	if (tscratch && (tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_LAST_BOOT))
		seq_printf(m, "%lx\t[kernel]\n", tscratch->text_addr);
	else
		seq_puts(m, "# Current\n");
}

static int l_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = m->private;
	struct trace_mod_entry *entry = v;

	if (v == LAST_BOOT_HEADER) {
		show_last_boot_header(m, tr);
		return 0;
	}

	seq_printf(m, "%lx\t%s\n", entry->mod_addr, entry->mod_name);
	return 0;
}

static const struct seq_operations last_boot_seq_ops = {
	.start		= l_start,
	.next		= l_next,
	.stop		= l_stop,
	.show		= l_show,
};

static int tracing_last_boot_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	struct seq_file *m;
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = seq_open(file, &last_boot_seq_ops);
	if (ret) {
		trace_array_put(tr);
		return ret;
	}

	m = file->private_data;
	m->private = tr;

	return 0;
}

static int tracing_buffer_meta_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	int cpu = tracing_get_cpu(inode);
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = ring_buffer_meta_seq_init(filp, tr->array_buffer.buffer, cpu);
	if (ret < 0)
		trace_array_put(tr);
	return ret;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_free_buffer_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
			  size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	/*
	 * There is no need to read what the user has written, this function
	 * is just to make sure that there is no error when "echo" is used
	 */

	*ppos += cnt;

	return cnt;
}

static int
tracing_free_buffer_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;

	/* disable tracing ? */
	if (tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(STOP_ON_FREE))
		tracer_tracing_off(tr);
	/* resize the ring buffer to 0 */
	tracing_resize_ring_buffer(tr, 0, RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS);

	trace_array_put(tr);

	return 0;
}

#define TRACE_MARKER_MAX_SIZE		4096

static ssize_t write_marker_to_buffer(struct trace_array *tr, const char *buf,
				      size_t cnt, unsigned long ip)
{
	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
	enum event_trigger_type tt = ETT_NONE;
	struct trace_buffer *buffer;
	struct print_entry *entry;
	int meta_size;
	ssize_t written;
	size_t size;

	meta_size = sizeof(*entry) + 2;  /* add '\0' and possible '\n' */
 again:
	size = cnt + meta_size;

	buffer = tr->array_buffer.buffer;
	event = __trace_buffer_lock_reserve(buffer, TRACE_PRINT, size,
					    tracing_gen_ctx());
	if (unlikely(!event)) {
		/*
		 * If the size was greater than what was allowed, then
		 * make it smaller and try again.
		 */
		if (size > ring_buffer_max_event_size(buffer)) {
			cnt = ring_buffer_max_event_size(buffer) - meta_size;
			/* The above should only happen once */
			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(cnt + meta_size == size))
				return -EBADF;
			goto again;
		}

		/* Ring buffer disabled, return as if not open for write */
		return -EBADF;
	}

	entry = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
	entry->ip = ip;
	memcpy(&entry->buf, buf, cnt);
	written = cnt;

	if (tr->trace_marker_file && !list_empty(&tr->trace_marker_file->triggers)) {
		/* do not add \n before testing triggers, but add \0 */
		entry->buf[cnt] = '\0';
		tt = event_triggers_call(tr->trace_marker_file, buffer, entry, event);
	}

	if (entry->buf[cnt - 1] != '\n') {
		entry->buf[cnt] = '\n';
		entry->buf[cnt + 1] = '\0';
	} else
		entry->buf[cnt] = '\0';

	if (static_branch_unlikely(&trace_marker_exports_enabled))
		ftrace_exports(event, TRACE_EXPORT_MARKER);
	__buffer_unlock_commit(buffer, event);

	if (tt)
		event_triggers_post_call(tr->trace_marker_file, tt);

	return written;
}

struct trace_user_buf {
	char		*buf;
};

static DEFINE_MUTEX(trace_user_buffer_mutex);
static struct trace_user_buf_info *trace_user_buffer;

/**
 * trace_user_fault_destroy - free up allocated memory of a trace user buffer
 * @tinfo: The descriptor to free up
 *
 * Frees any data allocated in the trace info dsecriptor.
 */
void trace_user_fault_destroy(struct trace_user_buf_info *tinfo)
{
	char *buf;
	int cpu;

	if (!tinfo || !tinfo->tbuf)
		return;

	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
		buf = per_cpu_ptr(tinfo->tbuf, cpu)->buf;
		kfree(buf);
	}
	free_percpu(tinfo->tbuf);
}

static int user_fault_buffer_enable(struct trace_user_buf_info *tinfo, size_t size)
{
	char *buf;
	int cpu;

	lockdep_assert_held(&trace_user_buffer_mutex);

	tinfo->tbuf = alloc_percpu(struct trace_user_buf);
	if (!tinfo->tbuf)
		return -ENOMEM;

	tinfo->ref = 1;
	tinfo->size = size;

	/* Clear each buffer in case of error */
	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
		per_cpu_ptr(tinfo->tbuf, cpu)->buf = NULL;
	}

	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
		buf = kmalloc_node(size, GFP_KERNEL,
				   cpu_to_node(cpu));
		if (!buf)
			return -ENOMEM;
		per_cpu_ptr(tinfo->tbuf, cpu)->buf = buf;
	}

	return 0;
}

/* For internal use. Free and reinitialize */
static void user_buffer_free(struct trace_user_buf_info **tinfo)
{
	lockdep_assert_held(&trace_user_buffer_mutex);

	trace_user_fault_destroy(*tinfo);
	kfree(*tinfo);
	*tinfo = NULL;
}

/* For internal use. Initialize and allocate */
static int user_buffer_init(struct trace_user_buf_info **tinfo, size_t size)
{
	bool alloc = false;
	int ret;

	lockdep_assert_held(&trace_user_buffer_mutex);

	if (!*tinfo) {
		alloc = true;
		*tinfo = kzalloc_obj(**tinfo);
		if (!*tinfo)
			return -ENOMEM;
	}

	ret = user_fault_buffer_enable(*tinfo, size);
	if (ret < 0 && alloc)
		user_buffer_free(tinfo);

	return ret;
}

/* For internal use, derefrence and free if necessary */
static void user_buffer_put(struct trace_user_buf_info **tinfo)
{
	guard(mutex)(&trace_user_buffer_mutex);

	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!*tinfo || !(*tinfo)->ref))
		return;

	if (--(*tinfo)->ref)
		return;

	user_buffer_free(tinfo);
}

/**
 * trace_user_fault_init - Allocated or reference a per CPU buffer
 * @tinfo: A pointer to the trace buffer descriptor
 * @size: The size to allocate each per CPU buffer
 *
 * Create a per CPU buffer that can be used to copy from user space
 * in a task context. When calling trace_user_fault_read(), preemption
 * must be disabled, and it will enable preemption and copy user
 * space data to the buffer. If any schedule switches occur, it will
 * retry until it succeeds without a schedule switch knowing the buffer
 * is still valid.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, negative on failure.
 */
int trace_user_fault_init(struct trace_user_buf_info *tinfo, size_t size)
{
	int ret;

	if (!tinfo)
		return -EINVAL;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_user_buffer_mutex);

	ret = user_buffer_init(&tinfo, size);
	if (ret < 0)
		trace_user_fault_destroy(tinfo);

	return ret;
}

/**
 * trace_user_fault_get - up the ref count for the user buffer
 * @tinfo: A pointer to a pointer to the trace buffer descriptor
 *
 * Ups the ref count of the trace buffer.
 *
 * Returns the new ref count.
 */
int trace_user_fault_get(struct trace_user_buf_info *tinfo)
{
	if (!tinfo)
		return -1;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_user_buffer_mutex);

	tinfo->ref++;
	return tinfo->ref;
}

/**
 * trace_user_fault_put - dereference a per cpu trace buffer
 * @tinfo: The @tinfo that was passed to trace_user_fault_get()
 *
 * Decrement the ref count of @tinfo.
 *
 * Returns the new refcount (negative on error).
 */
int trace_user_fault_put(struct trace_user_buf_info *tinfo)
{
	guard(mutex)(&trace_user_buffer_mutex);

	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!tinfo || !tinfo->ref))
		return -1;

	--tinfo->ref;
	return tinfo->ref;
}

/**
 * trace_user_fault_read - Read user space into a per CPU buffer
 * @tinfo: The @tinfo allocated by trace_user_fault_get()
 * @ptr: The user space pointer to read
 * @size: The size of user space to read.
 * @copy_func: Optional function to use to copy from user space
 * @data: Data to pass to copy_func if it was supplied
 *
 * Preemption must be disabled when this is called, and must not
 * be enabled while using the returned buffer.
 * This does the copying from user space into a per CPU buffer.
 *
 * The @size must not be greater than the size passed in to
 * trace_user_fault_init().
 *
 * If @copy_func is NULL, trace_user_fault_read() will use copy_from_user(),
 * otherwise it will call @copy_func. It will call @copy_func with:
 *
 *   buffer: the per CPU buffer of the @tinfo.
 *   ptr: The pointer @ptr to user space to read
 *   size: The @size of the ptr to read
 *   data: The @data parameter
 *
 * It is expected that @copy_func will return 0 on success and non zero
 * if there was a fault.
 *
 * Returns a pointer to the buffer with the content read from @ptr.
 *   Preemption must remain disabled while the caller accesses the
 *   buffer returned by this function.
 * Returns NULL if there was a fault, or the size passed in is
 *   greater than the size passed to trace_user_fault_init().
 */
char *trace_user_fault_read(struct trace_user_buf_info *tinfo,
			     const char __user *ptr, size_t size,
			     trace_user_buf_copy copy_func, void *data)
{
	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
	char *buffer = per_cpu_ptr(tinfo->tbuf, cpu)->buf;
	unsigned long long cnt;
	int trys = 0;
	int ret;

	lockdep_assert_preemption_disabled();

	/*
	 * It's up to the caller to not try to copy more than it said
	 * it would.
	 */
	if (size > tinfo->size)
		return NULL;

	/*
	 * This acts similar to a seqcount. The per CPU context switches are
	 * recorded, migration is disabled and preemption is enabled. The
	 * read of the user space memory is copied into the per CPU buffer.
	 * Preemption is disabled again, and if the per CPU context switches count
	 * is still the same, it means the buffer has not been corrupted.
	 * If the count is different, it is assumed the buffer is corrupted
	 * and reading must be tried again.
	 */

	do {
		/*
		 * It is possible that something is trying to migrate this
		 * task. What happens then, is when preemption is enabled,
		 * the migration thread will preempt this task, try to
		 * migrate it, fail, then let it run again. That will
		 * cause this to loop again and never succeed.
		 * On failures, enabled and disable preemption with
		 * migration enabled, to allow the migration thread to
		 * migrate this task.
		 */
		if (trys) {
			preempt_enable_notrace();
			preempt_disable_notrace();
			cpu = smp_processor_id();
			buffer = per_cpu_ptr(tinfo->tbuf, cpu)->buf;
		}

		/*
		 * If for some reason, copy_from_user() always causes a context
		 * switch, this would then cause an infinite loop.
		 * If this task is preempted by another user space task, it
		 * will cause this task to try again. But just in case something
		 * changes where the copying from user space causes another task
		 * to run, prevent this from going into an infinite loop.
		 * 100 tries should be plenty.
		 */
		if (WARN_ONCE(trys++ > 100, "Error: Too many tries to read user space"))
			return NULL;

		/* Read the current CPU context switch counter */
		cnt = nr_context_switches_cpu(cpu);

		/*
		 * Preemption is going to be enabled, but this task must
		 * remain on this CPU.
		 */
		migrate_disable();

		/*
		 * Now preemption is being enabled and another task can come in
		 * and use the same buffer and corrupt our data.
		 */
		preempt_enable_notrace();

		/* Make sure preemption is enabled here */
		lockdep_assert_preemption_enabled();

		if (copy_func) {
			ret = copy_func(buffer, ptr, size, data);
		} else {
			ret = __copy_from_user(buffer, ptr, size);
		}

		preempt_disable_notrace();
		migrate_enable();

		/* if it faulted, no need to test if the buffer was corrupted */
		if (ret)
			return NULL;

		/*
		 * Preemption is disabled again, now check the per CPU context
		 * switch counter. If it doesn't match, then another user space
		 * process may have schedule in and corrupted our buffer. In that
		 * case the copying must be retried.
		 */
	} while (nr_context_switches_cpu(cpu) != cnt);

	return buffer;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_mark_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
					size_t cnt, loff_t *fpos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
	ssize_t written = -ENODEV;
	unsigned long ip;
	char *buf;

	if (unlikely(tracing_disabled))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!(tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(MARKERS)))
		return -EINVAL;

	if ((ssize_t)cnt < 0)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (cnt > TRACE_MARKER_MAX_SIZE)
		cnt = TRACE_MARKER_MAX_SIZE;

	/* Must have preemption disabled while having access to the buffer */
	guard(preempt_notrace)();

	buf = trace_user_fault_read(trace_user_buffer, ubuf, cnt, NULL, NULL);
	if (!buf)
		return -EFAULT;

	/* The selftests expect this function to be the IP address */
	ip = _THIS_IP_;

	/* The global trace_marker can go to multiple instances */
	if (tr == &global_trace) {
		guard(rcu)();
		list_for_each_entry_rcu(tr, &marker_copies, marker_list) {
			written = write_marker_to_buffer(tr, buf, cnt, ip);
			if (written < 0)
				break;
		}
	} else {
		written = write_marker_to_buffer(tr, buf, cnt, ip);
	}

	return written;
}

static ssize_t write_raw_marker_to_buffer(struct trace_array *tr,
					  const char *buf, size_t cnt)
{
	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
	struct trace_buffer *buffer;
	struct raw_data_entry *entry;
	ssize_t written;
	size_t size;

	/* cnt includes both the entry->id and the data behind it. */
	size = struct_offset(entry, id) + cnt;

	buffer = tr->array_buffer.buffer;

	if (size > ring_buffer_max_event_size(buffer))
		return -EINVAL;

	event = __trace_buffer_lock_reserve(buffer, TRACE_RAW_DATA, size,
					    tracing_gen_ctx());
	if (!event)
		/* Ring buffer disabled, return as if not open for write */
		return -EBADF;

	entry = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
	unsafe_memcpy(&entry->id, buf, cnt,
		      "id and content already reserved on ring buffer"
		      "'buf' includes the 'id' and the data."
		      "'entry' was allocated with cnt from 'id'.");
	written = cnt;

	__buffer_unlock_commit(buffer, event);

	return written;
}

static ssize_t
tracing_mark_raw_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
					size_t cnt, loff_t *fpos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
	ssize_t written = -ENODEV;
	char *buf;

	if (unlikely(tracing_disabled))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!(tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(MARKERS)))
		return -EINVAL;

	/* The marker must at least have a tag id */
	if (cnt < sizeof(unsigned int))
		return -EINVAL;

	/* raw write is all or nothing */
	if (cnt > TRACE_MARKER_MAX_SIZE)
		return -EINVAL;

	/* Must have preemption disabled while having access to the buffer */
	guard(preempt_notrace)();

	buf = trace_user_fault_read(trace_user_buffer, ubuf, cnt, NULL, NULL);
	if (!buf)
		return -EFAULT;

	/* The global trace_marker_raw can go to multiple instances */
	if (tr == &global_trace) {
		guard(rcu)();
		list_for_each_entry_rcu(tr, &marker_copies, marker_list) {
			written = write_raw_marker_to_buffer(tr, buf, cnt);
			if (written < 0)
				break;
		}
	} else {
		written = write_raw_marker_to_buffer(tr, buf, cnt);
	}

	return written;
}

static int tracing_mark_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	int ret;

	scoped_guard(mutex, &trace_user_buffer_mutex) {
		if (!trace_user_buffer) {
			ret = user_buffer_init(&trace_user_buffer, TRACE_MARKER_MAX_SIZE);
			if (ret < 0)
				return ret;
		} else {
			trace_user_buffer->ref++;
		}
	}

	stream_open(inode, filp);
	ret = tracing_open_generic_tr(inode, filp);
	if (ret < 0)
		user_buffer_put(&trace_user_buffer);
	return ret;
}

static int tracing_mark_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	user_buffer_put(&trace_user_buffer);
	return tracing_release_generic_tr(inode, file);
}

static int tracing_clock_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = m->private;
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(trace_clocks); i++)
		seq_printf(m,
			"%s%s%s%s", i ? " " : "",
			i == tr->clock_id ? "[" : "", trace_clocks[i].name,
			i == tr->clock_id ? "]" : "");
	seq_putc(m, '\n');

	return 0;
}

int tracing_set_clock(struct trace_array *tr, const char *clockstr)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(trace_clocks); i++) {
		if (strcmp(trace_clocks[i].name, clockstr) == 0)
			break;
	}
	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(trace_clocks))
		return -EINVAL;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	tr->clock_id = i;

	ring_buffer_set_clock(tr->array_buffer.buffer, trace_clocks[i].func);

	/*
	 * New clock may not be consistent with the previous clock.
	 * Reset the buffer so that it doesn't have incomparable timestamps.
	 */
	tracing_reset_online_cpus(&tr->array_buffer);

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	if (tr->snapshot_buffer.buffer)
		ring_buffer_set_clock(tr->snapshot_buffer.buffer, trace_clocks[i].func);
	tracing_reset_online_cpus(&tr->snapshot_buffer);
#endif
	__update_last_data_if_empty(tr);

	if (tr->scratch && !(tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_LAST_BOOT)) {
		struct trace_scratch *tscratch = tr->scratch;

		tscratch->clock_id = i;
	}

	return 0;
}

static ssize_t tracing_clock_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
				   size_t cnt, loff_t *fpos)
{
	struct seq_file *m = filp->private_data;
	struct trace_array *tr = m->private;
	char buf[64];
	const char *clockstr;
	int ret;

	if (cnt >= sizeof(buf))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (copy_from_user(buf, ubuf, cnt))
		return -EFAULT;

	buf[cnt] = 0;

	clockstr = strstrip(buf);

	ret = tracing_set_clock(tr, clockstr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	*fpos += cnt;

	return cnt;
}

static int tracing_clock_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if ((file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) && trace_array_is_readonly(tr)) {
		trace_array_put(tr);
		return -EACCES;
	}

	ret = single_open(file, tracing_clock_show, inode->i_private);
	if (ret < 0)
		trace_array_put(tr);

	return ret;
}

static int tracing_time_stamp_mode_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = m->private;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	if (ring_buffer_time_stamp_abs(tr->array_buffer.buffer))
		seq_puts(m, "delta [absolute]\n");
	else
		seq_puts(m, "[delta] absolute\n");

	return 0;
}

static int tracing_time_stamp_mode_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = single_open(file, tracing_time_stamp_mode_show, inode->i_private);
	if (ret < 0)
		trace_array_put(tr);

	return ret;
}

u64 tracing_event_time_stamp(struct trace_buffer *buffer, struct ring_buffer_event *rbe)
{
	if (rbe == this_cpu_read(trace_buffered_event))
		return ring_buffer_time_stamp(buffer);

	return ring_buffer_event_time_stamp(buffer, rbe);
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_thresh_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic,
	.read		= tracing_thresh_read,
	.write		= tracing_thresh_write,
	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
};

static const struct file_operations set_tracer_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic_tr,
	.read		= tracing_set_trace_read,
	.write		= tracing_set_trace_write,
	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
	.release	= tracing_release_generic_tr,
};

static const struct file_operations tracing_pipe_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_pipe,
	.poll		= tracing_poll_pipe,
	.read		= tracing_read_pipe,
	.splice_read	= tracing_splice_read_pipe,
	.release	= tracing_release_pipe,
};

static const struct file_operations tracing_entries_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic_tr,
	.read		= tracing_entries_read,
	.write		= tracing_entries_write,
	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
	.release	= tracing_release_generic_tr,
};

static const struct file_operations tracing_syscall_buf_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic_tr,
	.read		= tracing_syscall_buf_read,
	.write		= tracing_syscall_buf_write,
	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
	.release	= tracing_release_generic_tr,
};

static const struct file_operations tracing_buffer_meta_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_buffer_meta_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
	.release	= tracing_seq_release,
};

static const struct file_operations tracing_total_entries_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic_tr,
	.read		= tracing_total_entries_read,
	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
	.release	= tracing_release_generic_tr,
};

static const struct file_operations tracing_free_buffer_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic_tr,
	.write		= tracing_free_buffer_write,
	.release	= tracing_free_buffer_release,
};

static const struct file_operations tracing_mark_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_mark_open,
	.write		= tracing_mark_write,
	.release	= tracing_mark_release,
};

static const struct file_operations tracing_mark_raw_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_mark_open,
	.write		= tracing_mark_raw_write,
	.release	= tracing_mark_release,
};

static const struct file_operations trace_clock_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_clock_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
	.release	= tracing_single_release_tr,
	.write		= tracing_clock_write,
};

static const struct file_operations trace_time_stamp_mode_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_time_stamp_mode_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
	.release	= tracing_single_release_tr,
};

static const struct file_operations last_boot_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_last_boot_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
	.release	= tracing_seq_release,
};

/*
 * trace_min_max_write - Write a u64 value to a trace_min_max_param struct
 * @filp: The active open file structure
 * @ubuf: The userspace provided buffer to read value into
 * @cnt: The maximum number of bytes to read
 * @ppos: The current "file" position
 *
 * This function implements the write interface for a struct trace_min_max_param.
 * The filp->private_data must point to a trace_min_max_param structure that
 * defines where to write the value, the min and the max acceptable values,
 * and a lock to protect the write.
 */
static ssize_t
trace_min_max_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf, size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_min_max_param *param = filp->private_data;
	u64 val;
	int err;

	if (!param)
		return -EFAULT;

	err = kstrtoull_from_user(ubuf, cnt, 10, &val);
	if (err)
		return err;

	if (param->lock)
		mutex_lock(param->lock);

	if (param->min && val < *param->min)
		err = -EINVAL;

	if (param->max && val > *param->max)
		err = -EINVAL;

	if (!err)
		*param->val = val;

	if (param->lock)
		mutex_unlock(param->lock);

	if (err)
		return err;

	return cnt;
}

/*
 * trace_min_max_read - Read a u64 value from a trace_min_max_param struct
 * @filp: The active open file structure
 * @ubuf: The userspace provided buffer to read value into
 * @cnt: The maximum number of bytes to read
 * @ppos: The current "file" position
 *
 * This function implements the read interface for a struct trace_min_max_param.
 * The filp->private_data must point to a trace_min_max_param struct with valid
 * data.
 */
static ssize_t
trace_min_max_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf, size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_min_max_param *param = filp->private_data;
	char buf[U64_STR_SIZE];
	int len;
	u64 val;

	if (!param)
		return -EFAULT;

	val = *param->val;

	if (cnt > sizeof(buf))
		cnt = sizeof(buf);

	len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%llu\n", val);

	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, len);
}

const struct file_operations trace_min_max_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic,
	.read		= trace_min_max_read,
	.write		= trace_min_max_write,
};

#define TRACING_LOG_ERRS_MAX	8
#define TRACING_LOG_LOC_MAX	128

#define CMD_PREFIX "  Command: "

struct err_info {
	const char	**errs;	/* ptr to loc-specific array of err strings */
	u8		type;	/* index into errs -> specific err string */
	u16		pos;	/* caret position */
	u64		ts;
};

struct tracing_log_err {
	struct list_head	list;
	struct err_info		info;
	char			loc[TRACING_LOG_LOC_MAX]; /* err location */
	char			*cmd;                     /* what caused err */
};

static DEFINE_MUTEX(tracing_err_log_lock);

static struct tracing_log_err *alloc_tracing_log_err(int len)
{
	struct tracing_log_err *err;

	err = kzalloc_obj(*err);
	if (!err)
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);

	err->cmd = kzalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!err->cmd) {
		kfree(err);
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
	}

	return err;
}

static void free_tracing_log_err(struct tracing_log_err *err)
{
	kfree(err->cmd);
	kfree(err);
}

static struct tracing_log_err *get_tracing_log_err(struct trace_array *tr,
						   int len)
{
	struct tracing_log_err *err;
	char *cmd;

	if (tr->n_err_log_entries < TRACING_LOG_ERRS_MAX) {
		err = alloc_tracing_log_err(len);
		if (PTR_ERR(err) != -ENOMEM)
			tr->n_err_log_entries++;

		return err;
	}
	cmd = kzalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!cmd)
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
	err = list_first_entry(&tr->err_log, struct tracing_log_err, list);
	kfree(err->cmd);
	err->cmd = cmd;
	list_del(&err->list);

	return err;
}

/**
 * err_pos - find the position of a string within a command for error careting
 * @cmd: The tracing command that caused the error
 * @str: The string to position the caret at within @cmd
 *
 * Finds the position of the first occurrence of @str within @cmd.  The
 * return value can be passed to tracing_log_err() for caret placement
 * within @cmd.
 *
 * Returns the index within @cmd of the first occurrence of @str or 0
 * if @str was not found.
 */
unsigned int err_pos(char *cmd, const char *str)
{
	char *found;

	if (WARN_ON(!strlen(cmd)))
		return 0;

	found = strstr(cmd, str);
	if (found)
		return found - cmd;

	return 0;
}

/**
 * tracing_log_err - write an error to the tracing error log
 * @tr: The associated trace array for the error (NULL for top level array)
 * @loc: A string describing where the error occurred
 * @cmd: The tracing command that caused the error
 * @errs: The array of loc-specific static error strings
 * @type: The index into errs[], which produces the specific static err string
 * @pos: The position the caret should be placed in the cmd
 *
 * Writes an error into tracing/error_log of the form:
 *
 * <loc>: error: <text>
 *   Command: <cmd>
 *              ^
 *
 * tracing/error_log is a small log file containing the last
 * TRACING_LOG_ERRS_MAX errors (8).  Memory for errors isn't allocated
 * unless there has been a tracing error, and the error log can be
 * cleared and have its memory freed by writing the empty string in
 * truncation mode to it i.e. echo > tracing/error_log.
 *
 * NOTE: the @errs array along with the @type param are used to
 * produce a static error string - this string is not copied and saved
 * when the error is logged - only a pointer to it is saved.  See
 * existing callers for examples of how static strings are typically
 * defined for use with tracing_log_err().
 */
void tracing_log_err(struct trace_array *tr,
		     const char *loc, const char *cmd,
		     const char **errs, u8 type, u16 pos)
{
	struct tracing_log_err *err;
	int len = 0;

	if (!tr)
		tr = &global_trace;

	len += sizeof(CMD_PREFIX) + 2 * sizeof("\n") + strlen(cmd) + 1;

	guard(mutex)(&tracing_err_log_lock);

	err = get_tracing_log_err(tr, len);
	if (PTR_ERR(err) == -ENOMEM)
		return;

	snprintf(err->loc, TRACING_LOG_LOC_MAX, "%s: error: ", loc);
	snprintf(err->cmd, len, "\n" CMD_PREFIX "%s\n", cmd);

	err->info.errs = errs;
	err->info.type = type;
	err->info.pos = pos;
	err->info.ts = local_clock();

	list_add_tail(&err->list, &tr->err_log);
}

static void clear_tracing_err_log(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	struct tracing_log_err *err, *next;

	guard(mutex)(&tracing_err_log_lock);

	list_for_each_entry_safe(err, next, &tr->err_log, list) {
		list_del(&err->list);
		free_tracing_log_err(err);
	}

	tr->n_err_log_entries = 0;
}

static void *tracing_err_log_seq_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = m->private;

	mutex_lock(&tracing_err_log_lock);

	return seq_list_start(&tr->err_log, *pos);
}

static void *tracing_err_log_seq_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = m->private;

	return seq_list_next(v, &tr->err_log, pos);
}

static void tracing_err_log_seq_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	mutex_unlock(&tracing_err_log_lock);
}

static void tracing_err_log_show_pos(struct seq_file *m, u16 pos)
{
	u16 i;

	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(CMD_PREFIX) - 1; i++)
		seq_putc(m, ' ');
	for (i = 0; i < pos; i++)
		seq_putc(m, ' ');
	seq_puts(m, "^\n");
}

static int tracing_err_log_seq_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct tracing_log_err *err = v;

	if (err) {
		const char *err_text = err->info.errs[err->info.type];
		u64 sec = err->info.ts;
		u32 nsec;

		nsec = do_div(sec, NSEC_PER_SEC);
		seq_printf(m, "[%5llu.%06u] %s%s", sec, nsec / 1000,
			   err->loc, err_text);
		seq_printf(m, "%s", err->cmd);
		tracing_err_log_show_pos(m, err->info.pos);
	}

	return 0;
}

static const struct seq_operations tracing_err_log_seq_ops = {
	.start  = tracing_err_log_seq_start,
	.next   = tracing_err_log_seq_next,
	.stop   = tracing_err_log_seq_stop,
	.show   = tracing_err_log_seq_show
};

static int tracing_err_log_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	int ret = 0;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	/* If this file was opened for write, then erase contents */
	if ((file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) && (file->f_flags & O_TRUNC))
		clear_tracing_err_log(tr);

	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
		ret = seq_open(file, &tracing_err_log_seq_ops);
		if (!ret) {
			struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
			m->private = tr;
		} else {
			trace_array_put(tr);
		}
	}
	return ret;
}

static ssize_t tracing_err_log_write(struct file *file,
				     const char __user *buffer,
				     size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
	return count;
}

static int tracing_err_log_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;

	trace_array_put(tr);

	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ)
		seq_release(inode, file);

	return 0;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_err_log_fops = {
	.open           = tracing_err_log_open,
	.write		= tracing_err_log_write,
	.read           = seq_read,
	.llseek         = tracing_lseek,
	.release        = tracing_err_log_release,
};

int tracing_buffers_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	struct ftrace_buffer_info *info;
	int ret;

	ret = tracing_check_open_get_tr(tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	info = kvzalloc_obj(*info);
	if (!info) {
		trace_array_put(tr);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);

	info->iter.tr		= tr;
	info->iter.cpu_file	= tracing_get_cpu(inode);
	info->iter.trace	= tr->current_trace;
	info->iter.array_buffer = &tr->array_buffer;
	info->spare		= NULL;
	/* Force reading ring buffer for first read */
	info->read		= (unsigned int)-1;

	filp->private_data = info;

	tr->trace_ref++;

	mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);

	ret = nonseekable_open(inode, filp);
	if (ret < 0)
		trace_array_put(tr);

	return ret;
}

static __poll_t
tracing_buffers_poll(struct file *filp, poll_table *poll_table)
{
	struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = filp->private_data;
	struct trace_iterator *iter = &info->iter;

	return trace_poll(iter, filp, poll_table);
}

ssize_t tracing_buffers_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
			     size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = filp->private_data;
	struct trace_iterator *iter = &info->iter;
	unsigned int spare_size;
	void *trace_data;
	ssize_t ret = 0;
	ssize_t size;

	if (!count)
		return 0;

	if (iter->snapshot && tracer_uses_snapshot(iter->tr->current_trace))
		return -EBUSY;

	spare_size = ring_buffer_read_page_size(info->spare);

again:
	/* Do we have previous read data to read? */
	if (info->read < spare_size)
		goto read;

	ret = ring_buffer_alloc_read_page(iter->array_buffer->buffer, iter->cpu_file,
					  &info->spare);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	spare_size = ring_buffer_read_page_size(info->spare);
	info->read = spare_size;
	info->spare_cpu = iter->cpu_file;

	trace_access_lock(iter->cpu_file);
	ret = ring_buffer_read_page(iter->array_buffer->buffer,
				    info->spare,
				    count,
				    iter->cpu_file, 0);
	trace_access_unlock(iter->cpu_file);

	if (ret < 0) {
		if (trace_empty(iter) && !iter->closed) {
			if (update_last_data_if_empty(iter->tr))
				return 0;

			if ((filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK))
				return -EAGAIN;

			ret = wait_on_pipe(iter, 0);
			if (ret)
				return ret;

			goto again;
		}
		return 0;
	}

	info->read = 0;

 read:
	size = spare_size - info->read;
	if (size > count)
		size = count;
	trace_data = ring_buffer_read_page_data(info->spare);
	ret = copy_to_user(ubuf, trace_data + info->read, size);
	if (ret == size)
		return -EFAULT;

	size -= ret;

	*ppos += size;
	info->read += size;

	return size;
}

static int tracing_buffers_flush(struct file *file, fl_owner_t id)
{
	struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = file->private_data;
	struct trace_iterator *iter = &info->iter;

	iter->closed = true;
	/* Make sure the waiters see the new wait_index */
	(void)atomic_fetch_inc_release(&iter->wait_index);

	ring_buffer_wake_waiters(iter->array_buffer->buffer, iter->cpu_file);

	return 0;
}

int tracing_buffers_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = file->private_data;
	struct trace_iterator *iter = &info->iter;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	iter->tr->trace_ref--;

	__trace_array_put(iter->tr);

	ring_buffer_free_read_page(iter->array_buffer->buffer, info->spare_cpu, info->spare);
	kvfree(info);

	return 0;
}

struct buffer_ref {
	struct trace_buffer		*buffer;
	struct buffer_data_read_page	*rpage;
	int				cpu;
	refcount_t			refcount;
};

static void buffer_ref_release(struct buffer_ref *ref)
{
	if (!refcount_dec_and_test(&ref->refcount))
		return;
	ring_buffer_free_read_page(ref->buffer, ref->cpu, ref->rpage);
	kfree(ref);
}

static void buffer_pipe_buf_release(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
				    struct pipe_buffer *buf)
{
	struct buffer_ref *ref = (struct buffer_ref *)buf->private;

	buffer_ref_release(ref);
	buf->private = 0;
}

static bool buffer_pipe_buf_get(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
				struct pipe_buffer *buf)
{
	struct buffer_ref *ref = (struct buffer_ref *)buf->private;

	if (refcount_read(&ref->refcount) > INT_MAX/2)
		return false;

	refcount_inc(&ref->refcount);
	return true;
}

/* Pipe buffer operations for a buffer. */
static const struct pipe_buf_operations buffer_pipe_buf_ops = {
	.release		= buffer_pipe_buf_release,
	.get			= buffer_pipe_buf_get,
};

/*
 * Callback from splice_to_pipe(), if we need to release some pages
 * at the end of the spd in case we error'ed out in filling the pipe.
 */
static void buffer_spd_release(struct splice_pipe_desc *spd, unsigned int i)
{
	struct buffer_ref *ref =
		(struct buffer_ref *)spd->partial[i].private;

	buffer_ref_release(ref);
	spd->partial[i].private = 0;
}

ssize_t tracing_buffers_splice_read(struct file *file, loff_t *ppos,
				    struct pipe_inode_info *pipe, size_t len,
				    unsigned int flags)
{
	struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = file->private_data;
	struct trace_iterator *iter = &info->iter;
	struct partial_page partial_def[PIPE_DEF_BUFFERS];
	struct page *pages_def[PIPE_DEF_BUFFERS];
	struct splice_pipe_desc spd = {
		.pages		= pages_def,
		.partial	= partial_def,
		.nr_pages_max	= PIPE_DEF_BUFFERS,
		.ops		= &buffer_pipe_buf_ops,
		.spd_release	= buffer_spd_release,
	};
	unsigned int page_size = 0;
	struct buffer_ref *ref;
	bool woken = false;
	int entries, i;
	ssize_t ret = 0;

	if (iter->snapshot && tracer_uses_snapshot(iter->tr->current_trace))
		return -EBUSY;

	if (splice_grow_spd(pipe, &spd))
		return -ENOMEM;

 again:
	trace_access_lock(iter->cpu_file);
	entries = ring_buffer_entries_cpu(iter->array_buffer->buffer, iter->cpu_file);

	for (i = 0; i < spd.nr_pages_max && len && entries; i++, len -= page_size) {
		struct page *page;
		int r;

		ref = kzalloc_obj(*ref);
		if (!ref) {
			ret = -ENOMEM;
			break;
		}

		refcount_set(&ref->refcount, 1);
		ref->buffer = iter->array_buffer->buffer;

		ret = ring_buffer_alloc_read_page(ref->buffer, iter->cpu_file, &ref->rpage);
		if (ret) {
			kfree(ref);
			break;
		}
		ref->cpu = iter->cpu_file;

		page_size = ring_buffer_read_page_size(ref->rpage);

		r = -EINVAL;
		if (IS_ALIGNED(*ppos, page_size) && len >= page_size) {
			r = ring_buffer_read_page(ref->buffer, ref->rpage, len, iter->cpu_file, 1);
		} else if (!i) {
			/*
			 * If this fails to read on the first iteration, it
			 * means the length was too small and an error should
			 * be returned to user space. Otherwise, at least
			 * one sub-buffer was successfully read but this failed
			 * due to either the length was unaligned or the
			 * subbuf order changed. Either case, do not report
			 * an error.
			 */
			ret = -EINVAL;
		}

		if (r < 0) {
			ring_buffer_free_read_page(ref->buffer, ref->cpu, ref->rpage);
			kfree(ref);
			break;
		}

		page = virt_to_page(ring_buffer_read_page_data(ref->rpage));

		spd.pages[i] = page;
		spd.partial[i].len = page_size;
		spd.partial[i].offset = 0;
		spd.partial[i].private = (unsigned long)ref;
		spd.nr_pages++;
		*ppos += page_size;

		entries = ring_buffer_entries_cpu(iter->array_buffer->buffer, iter->cpu_file);
	}

	trace_access_unlock(iter->cpu_file);
	spd.nr_pages = i;

	/* did we read anything? */
	if (!spd.nr_pages) {

		if (ret)
			goto out;

		if (woken)
			goto out;

		ret = -EAGAIN;
		if ((file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) || (flags & SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK))
			goto out;

		ret = wait_on_pipe(iter, iter->snapshot ? 0 : iter->tr->buffer_percent);
		if (ret)
			goto out;

		/* No need to wait after waking up when tracing is off */
		if (!tracer_tracing_is_on(iter->tr))
			goto out;

		/* Iterate one more time to collect any new data then exit */
		woken = true;

		goto again;
	}

	ret = splice_to_pipe(pipe, &spd);
out:
	splice_shrink_spd(&spd);

	return ret;
}

static long tracing_buffers_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
	struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = file->private_data;
	struct trace_iterator *iter = &info->iter;
	int err;

	if (cmd == TRACE_MMAP_IOCTL_GET_READER) {
		if (!(file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)) {
			err = ring_buffer_wait(iter->array_buffer->buffer,
					       iter->cpu_file,
					       iter->tr->buffer_percent,
					       NULL, NULL);
			if (err)
				return err;
		}

		return ring_buffer_map_get_reader(iter->array_buffer->buffer,
						  iter->cpu_file);
	} else if (cmd) {
		return -ENOTTY;
	}

	/*
	 * An ioctl call with cmd 0 to the ring buffer file will wake up all
	 * waiters
	 */
	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	/* Make sure the waiters see the new wait_index */
	(void)atomic_fetch_inc_release(&iter->wait_index);

	ring_buffer_wake_waiters(iter->array_buffer->buffer, iter->cpu_file);

	return 0;
}

/*
 * This is called when a VMA is duplicated (e.g., on fork()) to increment
 * the user_mapped counter without remapping pages.
 */
static void tracing_buffers_mmap_open(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
	struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = vma->vm_file->private_data;
	struct trace_iterator *iter = &info->iter;

	ring_buffer_map_dup(iter->array_buffer->buffer, iter->cpu_file);
}

static void tracing_buffers_mmap_close(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
	struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = vma->vm_file->private_data;
	struct trace_iterator *iter = &info->iter;

	WARN_ON(ring_buffer_unmap(iter->array_buffer->buffer, iter->cpu_file));
	put_snapshot_map(iter->tr);
}

static int tracing_buffers_may_split(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
{
	/*
	 * Trace buffer mappings require the complete buffer including
	 * the meta page. Partial mappings are not supported.
	 */
	return -EINVAL;
}

static const struct vm_operations_struct tracing_buffers_vmops = {
	.open		= tracing_buffers_mmap_open,
	.close		= tracing_buffers_mmap_close,
	.may_split      = tracing_buffers_may_split,
};

static int tracing_buffers_mmap(struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
	struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = filp->private_data;
	struct trace_iterator *iter = &info->iter;
	int ret = 0;

	/* A memmap'ed and backup buffers are not supported for user space mmap */
	if (iter->tr->flags & (TRACE_ARRAY_FL_MEMMAP | TRACE_ARRAY_FL_VMALLOC))
		return -ENODEV;

	ret = get_snapshot_map(iter->tr);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = ring_buffer_map(iter->array_buffer->buffer, iter->cpu_file, vma);
	if (ret)
		put_snapshot_map(iter->tr);

	vma->vm_ops = &tracing_buffers_vmops;

	return ret;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_buffers_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_buffers_open,
	.read		= tracing_buffers_read,
	.poll		= tracing_buffers_poll,
	.release	= tracing_buffers_release,
	.flush		= tracing_buffers_flush,
	.splice_read	= tracing_buffers_splice_read,
	.unlocked_ioctl = tracing_buffers_ioctl,
	.mmap		= tracing_buffers_mmap,
};

static ssize_t
tracing_stats_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
		   size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct inode *inode = file_inode(filp);
	struct trace_array *tr = inode->i_private;
	struct array_buffer *trace_buf = &tr->array_buffer;
	int cpu = tracing_get_cpu(inode);
	struct trace_seq *s;
	unsigned long cnt;
	unsigned long long t;
	unsigned long usec_rem;

	s = kmalloc_obj(*s);
	if (!s)
		return -ENOMEM;

	trace_seq_init(s);

	cnt = ring_buffer_entries_cpu(trace_buf->buffer, cpu);
	trace_seq_printf(s, "entries: %ld\n", cnt);

	cnt = ring_buffer_overrun_cpu(trace_buf->buffer, cpu);
	trace_seq_printf(s, "overrun: %ld\n", cnt);

	cnt = ring_buffer_commit_overrun_cpu(trace_buf->buffer, cpu);
	trace_seq_printf(s, "commit overrun: %ld\n", cnt);

	cnt = ring_buffer_bytes_cpu(trace_buf->buffer, cpu);
	trace_seq_printf(s, "bytes: %ld\n", cnt);

	if (trace_clocks[tr->clock_id].in_ns) {
		/* local or global for trace_clock */
		t = ns2usecs(ring_buffer_oldest_event_ts(trace_buf->buffer, cpu));
		usec_rem = do_div(t, USEC_PER_SEC);
		trace_seq_printf(s, "oldest event ts: %5llu.%06lu\n",
								t, usec_rem);

		t = ns2usecs(ring_buffer_time_stamp(trace_buf->buffer));
		usec_rem = do_div(t, USEC_PER_SEC);
		trace_seq_printf(s, "now ts: %5llu.%06lu\n", t, usec_rem);
	} else {
		/* counter or tsc mode for trace_clock */
		trace_seq_printf(s, "oldest event ts: %llu\n",
				ring_buffer_oldest_event_ts(trace_buf->buffer, cpu));

		trace_seq_printf(s, "now ts: %llu\n",
				ring_buffer_time_stamp(trace_buf->buffer));
	}

	cnt = ring_buffer_dropped_events_cpu(trace_buf->buffer, cpu);
	trace_seq_printf(s, "dropped events: %ld\n", cnt);

	cnt = ring_buffer_read_events_cpu(trace_buf->buffer, cpu);
	trace_seq_printf(s, "read events: %ld\n", cnt);

	count = simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, count, ppos,
					s->buffer, trace_seq_used(s));

	kfree(s);

	return count;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_stats_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic_tr,
	.read		= tracing_stats_read,
	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
	.release	= tracing_release_generic_tr,
};

#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE

static ssize_t
tracing_read_dyn_info(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
		  size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	ssize_t ret;
	char *buf;
	int r;

	/* 512 should be plenty to hold the amount needed */
#define DYN_INFO_BUF_SIZE	512

	buf = kmalloc(DYN_INFO_BUF_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!buf)
		return -ENOMEM;

	r = scnprintf(buf, DYN_INFO_BUF_SIZE,
		      "%ld pages:%ld groups: %ld\n"
		      "ftrace boot update time = %llu (ns)\n"
		      "ftrace module total update time = %llu (ns)\n",
		      ftrace_update_tot_cnt,
		      ftrace_number_of_pages,
		      ftrace_number_of_groups,
		      ftrace_update_time,
		      ftrace_total_mod_time);

	ret = simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
	kfree(buf);
	return ret;
}

static const struct file_operations tracing_dyn_info_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic,
	.read		= tracing_read_dyn_info,
	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
};
#endif /* CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE */

static struct dentry *tracing_get_dentry(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	/* Top directory uses NULL as the parent */
	if (tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_GLOBAL)
		return NULL;

	if (WARN_ON(!tr->dir))
		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);

	/* All sub buffers have a descriptor */
	return tr->dir;
}

static struct dentry *tracing_dentry_percpu(struct trace_array *tr, int cpu)
{
	struct dentry *d_tracer;

	if (tr->percpu_dir)
		return tr->percpu_dir;

	d_tracer = tracing_get_dentry(tr);
	if (IS_ERR(d_tracer))
		return NULL;

	tr->percpu_dir = tracefs_create_dir("per_cpu", d_tracer);

	MEM_FAIL(!tr->percpu_dir,
		  "Could not create tracefs directory 'per_cpu/%d'\n", cpu);

	return tr->percpu_dir;
}

struct dentry *
trace_create_cpu_file(const char *name, umode_t mode, struct dentry *parent,
		      void *data, long cpu, const struct file_operations *fops)
{
	struct dentry *ret = trace_create_file(name, mode, parent, data, fops);

	if (ret) /* See tracing_get_cpu() */
		d_inode(ret)->i_cdev = (void *)(cpu + 1);
	return ret;
}

static void
tracing_init_tracefs_percpu(struct trace_array *tr, long cpu)
{
	struct dentry *d_percpu = tracing_dentry_percpu(tr, cpu);
	struct dentry *d_cpu;
	char cpu_dir[30]; /* 30 characters should be more than enough */

	if (!d_percpu)
		return;

	snprintf(cpu_dir, 30, "cpu%ld", cpu);
	d_cpu = tracefs_create_dir(cpu_dir, d_percpu);
	if (!d_cpu) {
		pr_warn("Could not create tracefs '%s' entry\n", cpu_dir);
		return;
	}

	/* per cpu trace_pipe */
	trace_create_cpu_file("trace_pipe", TRACE_MODE_READ, d_cpu,
				tr, cpu, &tracing_pipe_fops);

	/* per cpu trace */
	trace_create_cpu_file("trace", TRACE_MODE_WRITE, d_cpu,
				tr, cpu, &tracing_fops);

	trace_create_cpu_file("trace_pipe_raw", TRACE_MODE_READ, d_cpu,
				tr, cpu, &tracing_buffers_fops);

	trace_create_cpu_file("stats", TRACE_MODE_READ, d_cpu,
				tr, cpu, &tracing_stats_fops);

	trace_create_cpu_file("buffer_size_kb", TRACE_MODE_WRITE, d_cpu,
				tr, cpu, &tracing_entries_fops);

	if (tr->range_addr_start)
		trace_create_cpu_file("buffer_meta", TRACE_MODE_READ, d_cpu,
				      tr, cpu, &tracing_buffer_meta_fops);
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	if (!tr->range_addr_start) {
		trace_create_cpu_file("snapshot", TRACE_MODE_WRITE, d_cpu,
				      tr, cpu, &snapshot_fops);

		trace_create_cpu_file("snapshot_raw", TRACE_MODE_READ, d_cpu,
				      tr, cpu, &snapshot_raw_fops);
	}
#endif
}

#ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_SELFTEST
/* Let selftest have access to static functions in this file */
#include "trace_selftest.c"
#endif

static ssize_t
trace_options_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf, size_t cnt,
			loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_option_dentry *topt = filp->private_data;
	char *buf;

	if (topt->flags->val & topt->opt->bit)
		buf = "1\n";
	else
		buf = "0\n";

	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, 2);
}

static ssize_t
trace_options_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf, size_t cnt,
			 loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_option_dentry *topt = filp->private_data;
	unsigned long val;
	int ret;

	ret = kstrtoul_from_user(ubuf, cnt, 10, &val);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (val != 0 && val != 1)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!!(topt->flags->val & topt->opt->bit) != val) {
		guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);
		ret = __set_tracer_option(topt->tr, topt->flags,
					  topt->opt, !val);
		if (ret)
			return ret;
	}

	*ppos += cnt;

	return cnt;
}

static bool tr_option_match(struct trace_array *tr, void *topt)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < tr->nr_topts; i++) {
		struct trace_options *tr_topts = &tr->topts[i];

		if (topt >= (void *)&tr_topts->topts[0] &&
		    topt < (void *)&tr_topts->topts[tr_topts->nr_topts])
			return true;
	}
	return false;
}

/*
 * The topt is the address of a trace_array->topts[] element that holds the
 * the tracer options descriptor. But since the trace_array reference has not
 * been taken yet, it cannot be dereferenced as it could have been freed by
 * a rmdir of the instance the trace_array represents.
 *
 * Search the list of trace_arrays and compare the topt to the address of
 * the entire trace_array topts array for each trace_array in the list.
 * If one is matched, then take the reference and return it. If not, the
 * trace_array no longer exits.
 */
static int trace_array_tracer_options_get(void *topt)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;
	int ret;

	ret = security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_TRACEFS);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (tracing_disabled)
		return -ENODEV;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);
	list_for_each_entry(tr, &ftrace_trace_arrays, list) {
		if (tr_option_match(tr, topt))
			return __trace_array_get(tr);
	}
	return -ENODEV;
}

static int tracing_open_options(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	struct trace_option_dentry *topt = inode->i_private;
	int ret;

	ret = trace_array_tracer_options_get(topt);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	filp->private_data = inode->i_private;
	return 0;
}

static int tracing_release_options(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct trace_option_dentry *topt = file->private_data;

	trace_array_put(topt->tr);
	return 0;
}

static const struct file_operations trace_options_fops = {
	.open = tracing_open_options,
	.read = trace_options_read,
	.write = trace_options_write,
	.llseek	= generic_file_llseek,
	.release = tracing_release_options,
};

/*
 * In order to pass in both the trace_array descriptor as well as the index
 * to the flag that the trace option file represents, the trace_array
 * has a character array of trace_flags_index[], which holds the index
 * of the bit for the flag it represents. index[0] == 0, index[1] == 1, etc.
 * The address of this character array is passed to the flag option file
 * read/write callbacks.
 *
 * In order to extract both the index and the trace_array descriptor,
 * get_tr_index() uses the following algorithm.
 *
 *   idx = *ptr;
 *
 * As the pointer itself contains the address of the index (remember
 * index[1] == 1).
 *
 * Then to get the trace_array descriptor, by subtracting that index
 * from the ptr, we get to the start of the index itself.
 *
 *   ptr - idx == &index[0]
 *
 * Then a simple container_of() from that pointer gets us to the
 * trace_array descriptor.
 */
static void get_tr_index(void *data, struct trace_array **ptr,
			 unsigned int *pindex)
{
	*pindex = *(unsigned char *)data;

	*ptr = container_of(data - *pindex, struct trace_array,
			    trace_flags_index);
}

static ssize_t
trace_options_core_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf, size_t cnt,
			loff_t *ppos)
{
	void *tr_index = filp->private_data;
	struct trace_array *tr;
	unsigned int index;
	char *buf;

	get_tr_index(tr_index, &tr, &index);

	if (tr->trace_flags & (1ULL << index))
		buf = "1\n";
	else
		buf = "0\n";

	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, 2);
}

static ssize_t
trace_options_core_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf, size_t cnt,
			 loff_t *ppos)
{
	void *tr_index = filp->private_data;
	struct trace_array *tr;
	unsigned int index;
	unsigned long val;
	int ret;

	get_tr_index(tr_index, &tr, &index);

	ret = kstrtoul_from_user(ubuf, cnt, 10, &val);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (val != 0 && val != 1)
		return -EINVAL;

	mutex_lock(&event_mutex);
	mutex_lock(&trace_types_lock);
	ret = set_tracer_flag(tr, 1ULL << index, val);
	mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock);
	mutex_unlock(&event_mutex);

	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	*ppos += cnt;

	return cnt;
}

/*
 * The tr_index is the address of a trace_array->trace_flags_index[]
 * element that holds the index of the trace flag. But since the
 * trace_array reference has not been taken yet, it cannot be referenced
 * as it could have been freed by a rmdir of the instance the trace_array
 * represents.
 *
 * Search the list of trace_arrays and compare the tr_index to the
 * address of the entire trace_array trace_flags_index array for each
 * trace_array in the list. If one is matched, then take the reference
 * and return it. If not, the trace_array no longer exits.
 */
static int trace_array_options_get(void *tr_index)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;
	int ret;

	ret = security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_TRACEFS);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (tracing_disabled)
		return -ENODEV;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);
	list_for_each_entry(tr, &ftrace_trace_arrays, list) {
		if (tr_index >= (void *)&tr->trace_flags_index[0] &&
		    tr_index < (void *)&tr->trace_flags_index[TRACE_FLAGS_MAX_SIZE])
			return __trace_array_get(tr);
	}
	return -ENODEV;
}

static int trace_options_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	void *tr_index = inode->i_private;

	if (trace_array_options_get(tr_index) < 0)
		return -ENODEV;

	filp->private_data = tr_index;

	return 0;
}

static int trace_options_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	void *tr_index = filp->private_data;
	struct trace_array *tr;
	unsigned int index;

	get_tr_index(tr_index, &tr, &index);

	trace_array_put(tr);

	return 0;
}

static const struct file_operations trace_options_core_fops = {
	.open		= trace_options_open,
	.read		= trace_options_core_read,
	.write		= trace_options_core_write,
	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
	.release	= trace_options_release,
};

struct dentry *trace_create_file(const char *name,
				 umode_t mode,
				 struct dentry *parent,
				 void *data,
				 const struct file_operations *fops)
{
	struct dentry *ret;

	ret = tracefs_create_file(name, mode, parent, data, fops);
	if (!ret)
		pr_warn("Could not create tracefs '%s' entry\n", name);

	return ret;
}


static struct dentry *trace_options_init_dentry(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	struct dentry *d_tracer;

	if (tr->options)
		return tr->options;

	d_tracer = tracing_get_dentry(tr);
	if (IS_ERR(d_tracer))
		return NULL;

	tr->options = tracefs_create_dir("options", d_tracer);
	if (!tr->options) {
		pr_warn("Could not create tracefs directory 'options'\n");
		return NULL;
	}

	return tr->options;
}

static void
create_trace_option_file(struct trace_array *tr,
			 struct trace_option_dentry *topt,
			 struct tracer_flags *flags,
			 struct tracer_opt *opt)
{
	struct dentry *t_options;

	t_options = trace_options_init_dentry(tr);
	if (!t_options)
		return;

	topt->flags = flags;
	topt->opt = opt;
	topt->tr = tr;

	topt->entry = trace_create_file(opt->name, TRACE_MODE_WRITE,
					t_options, topt, &trace_options_fops);
}

static int
create_trace_option_files(struct trace_array *tr, struct tracer *tracer,
			  struct tracer_flags *flags)
{
	struct trace_option_dentry *topts;
	struct trace_options *tr_topts;
	struct tracer_opt *opts;
	int cnt;

	if (!flags || !flags->opts)
		return 0;

	opts = flags->opts;

	for (cnt = 0; opts[cnt].name; cnt++)
		;

	topts = kzalloc_objs(*topts, cnt + 1);
	if (!topts)
		return 0;

	tr_topts = krealloc_array(tr->topts, tr->nr_topts + 1, sizeof(*tr->topts),
				  GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!tr_topts) {
		kfree(topts);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	tr->topts = tr_topts;
	tr->topts[tr->nr_topts].tracer = tracer;
	tr->topts[tr->nr_topts].topts = topts;
	tr->topts[tr->nr_topts].nr_topts = cnt;
	tr->nr_topts++;

	for (cnt = 0; opts[cnt].name; cnt++) {
		create_trace_option_file(tr, &topts[cnt], flags,
					 &opts[cnt]);
		MEM_FAIL(topts[cnt].entry == NULL,
			  "Failed to create trace option: %s",
			  opts[cnt].name);
	}
	return 0;
}

static int get_global_flags_val(struct tracer *tracer)
{
	struct tracers *t;

	list_for_each_entry(t, &global_trace.tracers, list) {
		if (t->tracer != tracer)
			continue;
		if (!t->flags)
			return -1;
		return t->flags->val;
	}
	return -1;
}

static int add_tracer_options(struct trace_array *tr, struct tracers *t)
{
	struct tracer *tracer = t->tracer;
	struct tracer_flags *flags = t->flags ?: tracer->flags;

	if (!flags)
		return 0;

	/* Only add tracer options after update_tracer_options finish */
	if (!tracer_options_updated)
		return 0;

	return create_trace_option_files(tr, tracer, flags);
}

static int add_tracer(struct trace_array *tr, struct tracer *tracer)
{
	struct tracer_flags *flags;
	struct tracers *t;
	int ret;

	/* Only enable if the directory has been created already. */
	if (!tr->dir && !(tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_GLOBAL))
		return 0;

	/*
	 * If this is an instance, only create flags for tracers
	 * the instance may have.
	 */
	if (!trace_ok_for_array(tracer, tr))
		return 0;

	t = kmalloc_obj(*t);
	if (!t)
		return -ENOMEM;

	t->tracer = tracer;
	t->flags = NULL;
	list_add(&t->list, &tr->tracers);

	flags = tracer->flags;
	if (!flags) {
		if (!tracer->default_flags)
			return 0;

		/*
		 * If the tracer defines default flags, it means the flags are
		 * per trace instance.
		 */
		flags = kmalloc_obj(*flags);
		if (!flags)
			return -ENOMEM;

		*flags = *tracer->default_flags;
		flags->trace = tracer;

		t->flags = flags;

		/* If this is an instance, inherit the global_trace flags */
		if (!(tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_GLOBAL)) {
			int val = get_global_flags_val(tracer);
			if (!WARN_ON_ONCE(val < 0))
				flags->val = val;
		}
	}

	ret = add_tracer_options(tr, t);
	if (ret < 0) {
		list_del(&t->list);
		kfree(t->flags);
		kfree(t);
	}

	return ret;
}

static struct dentry *
create_trace_option_core_file(struct trace_array *tr,
			      const char *option, long index)
{
	struct dentry *t_options;

	t_options = trace_options_init_dentry(tr);
	if (!t_options)
		return NULL;

	return trace_create_file(option, TRACE_MODE_WRITE, t_options,
				 (void *)&tr->trace_flags_index[index],
				 &trace_options_core_fops);
}

static void create_trace_options_dir(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	struct dentry *t_options;
	bool top_level = tr == &global_trace;
	int i;

	t_options = trace_options_init_dentry(tr);
	if (!t_options)
		return;

	for (i = 0; trace_options[i]; i++) {
		if (top_level ||
		    !((1ULL << i) & TOP_LEVEL_TRACE_FLAGS)) {
			create_trace_option_core_file(tr, trace_options[i], i);
		}
	}
}

static ssize_t
rb_simple_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
	       size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
	char buf[64];
	int r;

	r = tracer_tracing_is_on(tr);
	r = sprintf(buf, "%d\n", r);

	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
}

static ssize_t
rb_simple_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
		size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
	struct trace_buffer *buffer = tr->array_buffer.buffer;
	unsigned long val;
	int ret;

	ret = kstrtoul_from_user(ubuf, cnt, 10, &val);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (buffer) {
		guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);
		if (!!val == tracer_tracing_is_on(tr)) {
			val = 0; /* do nothing */
		} else if (val) {
			tracer_tracing_on(tr);
			if (tr->current_trace->start)
				tr->current_trace->start(tr);
		} else {
			tracer_tracing_off(tr);
			if (tr->current_trace->stop)
				tr->current_trace->stop(tr);
			/* Wake up any waiters */
			ring_buffer_wake_waiters(buffer, RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS);
		}
	}

	(*ppos)++;

	return cnt;
}

static const struct file_operations rb_simple_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic_tr,
	.read		= rb_simple_read,
	.write		= rb_simple_write,
	.release	= tracing_release_generic_tr,
	.llseek		= default_llseek,
};

static ssize_t
buffer_percent_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf,
		    size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
	char buf[64];
	int r;

	r = tr->buffer_percent;
	r = sprintf(buf, "%d\n", r);

	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
}

static ssize_t
buffer_percent_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
		     size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
	unsigned long val;
	int ret;

	ret = kstrtoul_from_user(ubuf, cnt, 10, &val);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (val > 100)
		return -EINVAL;

	tr->buffer_percent = val;

	(*ppos)++;

	return cnt;
}

static const struct file_operations buffer_percent_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic_tr,
	.read		= buffer_percent_read,
	.write		= buffer_percent_write,
	.release	= tracing_release_generic_tr,
	.llseek		= default_llseek,
};

static ssize_t
buffer_subbuf_size_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf, size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
	size_t size;
	char buf[64];
	int order;
	int r;

	order = ring_buffer_subbuf_order_get(tr->array_buffer.buffer);
	size = (PAGE_SIZE << order) / 1024;

	r = sprintf(buf, "%zd\n", size);

	return simple_read_from_buffer(ubuf, cnt, ppos, buf, r);
}

static ssize_t
buffer_subbuf_size_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *ubuf,
			 size_t cnt, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = filp->private_data;
	unsigned long val;
	int old_order;
	int order;
	int pages;
	int ret;

	ret = kstrtoul_from_user(ubuf, cnt, 10, &val);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	val *= 1024; /* value passed in is in KB */

	pages = DIV_ROUND_UP(val, PAGE_SIZE);
	order = fls(pages - 1);

	/* limit between 1 and 128 system pages */
	if (order < 0 || order > 7)
		return -EINVAL;

	/* Do not allow tracing while changing the order of the ring buffer */
	tracing_stop_tr(tr);

	trace_access_lock(RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS);

	old_order = ring_buffer_subbuf_order_get(tr->array_buffer.buffer);
	if (old_order == order)
		goto out;

	ret = ring_buffer_subbuf_order_set(tr->array_buffer.buffer, order);
	if (ret)
		goto out;

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT

	if (!tr->allocated_snapshot)
		goto out_max;

	ret = ring_buffer_subbuf_order_set(tr->snapshot_buffer.buffer, order);
	if (ret) {
		/* Put back the old order */
		cnt = ring_buffer_subbuf_order_set(tr->array_buffer.buffer, old_order);
		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(cnt)) {
			/*
			 * AARGH! We are left with different orders!
			 * The max buffer is our "snapshot" buffer.
			 * When a tracer needs a snapshot (one of the
			 * latency tracers), it swaps the max buffer
			 * with the saved snap shot. We succeeded to
			 * update the order of the main buffer, but failed to
			 * update the order of the max buffer. But when we tried
			 * to reset the main buffer to the original size, we
			 * failed there too. This is very unlikely to
			 * happen, but if it does, warn and kill all
			 * tracing.
			 */
			tracing_disabled = 1;
		}
		goto out;
	}
 out_max:
#endif
	(*ppos)++;
 out:
	trace_access_unlock(RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS);
	if (ret)
		cnt = ret;
	tracing_start_tr(tr);
	return cnt;
}

static const struct file_operations buffer_subbuf_size_fops = {
	.open		= tracing_open_generic_tr,
	.read		= buffer_subbuf_size_read,
	.write		= buffer_subbuf_size_write,
	.release	= tracing_release_generic_tr,
	.llseek		= default_llseek,
};

static struct dentry *trace_instance_dir;

static void
init_tracer_tracefs(struct trace_array *tr, struct dentry *d_tracer);

#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
static int make_mod_delta(struct module *mod, void *data)
{
	struct trace_module_delta *module_delta;
	struct trace_scratch *tscratch;
	struct trace_mod_entry *entry;
	struct trace_array *tr = data;
	int i;

	tscratch = tr->scratch;
	module_delta = READ_ONCE(tr->module_delta);
	for (i = 0; i < tscratch->nr_entries; i++) {
		entry = &tscratch->entries[i];
		if (strcmp(mod->name, entry->mod_name))
			continue;
		if (mod->state == MODULE_STATE_GOING)
			module_delta->delta[i] = 0;
		else
			module_delta->delta[i] = (unsigned long)mod->mem[MOD_TEXT].base
						 - entry->mod_addr;
		break;
	}
	return 0;
}
#else
static int make_mod_delta(struct module *mod, void *data)
{
	return 0;
}
#endif

static int mod_addr_comp(const void *a, const void *b, const void *data)
{
	const struct trace_mod_entry *e1 = a;
	const struct trace_mod_entry *e2 = b;

	return e1->mod_addr > e2->mod_addr ? 1 : -1;
}

static void setup_trace_scratch(struct trace_array *tr,
				struct trace_scratch *tscratch, unsigned int size)
{
	struct trace_module_delta *module_delta;
	struct trace_mod_entry *entry;
	int i, nr_entries;

	if (!tscratch)
		return;

	tr->scratch = tscratch;
	tr->scratch_size = size;

	if (tscratch->text_addr)
		tr->text_delta = (unsigned long)_text - tscratch->text_addr;

	if (struct_size(tscratch, entries, tscratch->nr_entries) > size)
		goto reset;

	/* Check if each module name is a valid string */
	for (i = 0; i < tscratch->nr_entries; i++) {
		int n;

		entry = &tscratch->entries[i];

		for (n = 0; n < MODULE_NAME_LEN; n++) {
			if (entry->mod_name[n] == '\0')
				break;
			if (!isprint(entry->mod_name[n]))
				goto reset;
		}
		if (n == MODULE_NAME_LEN)
			goto reset;
	}

	/* Sort the entries so that we can find appropriate module from address. */
	nr_entries = tscratch->nr_entries;
	sort_r(tscratch->entries, nr_entries, sizeof(struct trace_mod_entry),
	       mod_addr_comp, NULL, NULL);

	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MODULES)) {
		module_delta = kzalloc_flex(*module_delta, delta, nr_entries);
		if (!module_delta) {
			pr_info("module_delta allocation failed. Not able to decode module address.");
			goto reset;
		}
		init_rcu_head(&module_delta->rcu);
	} else
		module_delta = NULL;
	WRITE_ONCE(tr->module_delta, module_delta);

	/* Scan modules to make text delta for modules. */
	module_for_each_mod(make_mod_delta, tr);

	/* Set trace_clock as the same of the previous boot. */
	if (tscratch->clock_id != tr->clock_id) {
		if (tscratch->clock_id >= ARRAY_SIZE(trace_clocks) ||
		    tracing_set_clock(tr, trace_clocks[tscratch->clock_id].name) < 0) {
			pr_info("the previous trace_clock info is not valid.");
			goto reset;
		}
	}
	return;
 reset:
	/* Invalid trace modules */
	memset(tscratch, 0, size);
}

#define TRACE_TEST_PTRACING_NAME	"ptracingtest"

int allocate_trace_buffer(struct trace_array *tr, struct array_buffer *buf, int size)
{
	enum ring_buffer_flags rb_flags;
	struct trace_scratch *tscratch;
	unsigned int scratch_size = 0;

	rb_flags = tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(OVERWRITE) ? RB_FL_OVERWRITE : 0;

	buf->tr = tr;

	if (tr->range_addr_start && tr->range_addr_size) {
		if (tr->name && !strcmp(tr->name, TRACE_TEST_PTRACING_NAME))
			rb_flags |= RB_FL_TESTING;
		/* Add scratch buffer to handle 128 modules */
		buf->buffer = ring_buffer_alloc_range(size, rb_flags, 0,
						      tr->range_addr_start,
						      tr->range_addr_size,
						      struct_size(tscratch, entries, 128));

		tscratch = ring_buffer_meta_scratch(buf->buffer, &scratch_size);
		setup_trace_scratch(tr, tscratch, scratch_size);

		/*
		 * This is basically the same as a mapped buffer,
		 * with the same restrictions.
		 */
		tr->mapped++;
	} else {
		buf->buffer = ring_buffer_alloc(size, rb_flags);
	}
	if (!buf->buffer)
		return -ENOMEM;

	buf->data = alloc_percpu(struct trace_array_cpu);
	if (!buf->data) {
		ring_buffer_free(buf->buffer);
		buf->buffer = NULL;
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	/* Allocate the first page for all buffers */
	trace_set_buffer_entries(&tr->array_buffer,
				 ring_buffer_size(tr->array_buffer.buffer, 0));

	return 0;
}

static void free_trace_buffer(struct array_buffer *buf)
{
	if (buf->buffer) {
		ring_buffer_free(buf->buffer);
		buf->buffer = NULL;
		free_percpu(buf->data);
		buf->data = NULL;
	}
}

static int allocate_trace_buffers(struct trace_array *tr, unsigned long size)
{
	int ret;

	ret = allocate_trace_buffer(tr, &tr->array_buffer, size);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = trace_allocate_snapshot(tr, size);
	if (MEM_FAIL(ret, "Failed to allocate trace buffer\n"))
		free_trace_buffer(&tr->array_buffer);

	return ret;
}

static void free_trace_buffers(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	if (!tr)
		return;

	free_trace_buffer(&tr->array_buffer);
	kfree(tr->module_delta);

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	free_trace_buffer(&tr->snapshot_buffer);
#endif
}

static void init_trace_flags_index(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	int i;

	/* Used by the trace options files */
	for (i = 0; i < TRACE_FLAGS_MAX_SIZE; i++)
		tr->trace_flags_index[i] = i;
}

static int __update_tracer(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	struct tracer *t;
	int ret = 0;

	for (t = trace_types; t && !ret; t = t->next)
		ret = add_tracer(tr, t);

	return ret;
}

static __init int __update_tracer_options(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	struct tracers *t;
	int ret = 0;

	list_for_each_entry(t, &tr->tracers, list) {
		ret = add_tracer_options(tr, t);
		if (ret < 0)
			break;
	}

	return ret;
}

static __init void update_tracer_options(void)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);
	tracer_options_updated = true;
	list_for_each_entry(tr, &ftrace_trace_arrays, list)
		__update_tracer_options(tr);
}

/* Must have trace_types_lock held */
struct trace_array *trace_array_find(const char *instance)
{
	struct trace_array *tr, *found = NULL;

	list_for_each_entry(tr, &ftrace_trace_arrays, list) {
		if (tr->name && strcmp(tr->name, instance) == 0) {
			found = tr;
			break;
		}
	}

	return found;
}

struct trace_array *trace_array_find_get(const char *instance)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);
	tr = trace_array_find(instance);
	if (tr && __trace_array_get(tr) < 0)
		tr = NULL;

	return tr;
}

static int trace_array_create_dir(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	int ret;

	tr->dir = tracefs_create_dir(tr->name, trace_instance_dir);
	if (!tr->dir)
		return -EINVAL;

	ret = event_trace_add_tracer(tr->dir, tr);
	if (ret) {
		tracefs_remove(tr->dir);
		return ret;
	}

	init_tracer_tracefs(tr, tr->dir);
	ret = __update_tracer(tr);
	if (ret) {
		event_trace_del_tracer(tr);
		tracefs_remove(tr->dir);
		return ret;
	}
	return 0;
}

static struct trace_array *
trace_array_create_systems(const char *name, const char *systems,
			   unsigned long range_addr_start,
			   unsigned long range_addr_size)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;
	int ret;

	ret = -ENOMEM;
	tr = kzalloc_obj(*tr);
	if (!tr)
		return ERR_PTR(ret);

	tr->name = kstrdup(name, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!tr->name)
		goto out_free_tr;

	if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&tr->tracing_cpumask, GFP_KERNEL))
		goto out_free_tr;

	if (!zalloc_cpumask_var(&tr->pipe_cpumask, GFP_KERNEL))
		goto out_free_tr;

	if (systems) {
		tr->system_names = kstrdup_const(systems, GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!tr->system_names)
			goto out_free_tr;
	}

	/* Only for boot up memory mapped ring buffers */
	tr->range_addr_start = range_addr_start;
	tr->range_addr_size = range_addr_size;

	tr->trace_flags = global_trace.trace_flags & ~ZEROED_TRACE_FLAGS;

	cpumask_copy(tr->tracing_cpumask, cpu_all_mask);

	raw_spin_lock_init(&tr->start_lock);

	tr->syscall_buf_sz = global_trace.syscall_buf_sz;

	tr->max_lock = (arch_spinlock_t)__ARCH_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	spin_lock_init(&tr->snapshot_trigger_lock);
#endif
	tr->current_trace = &nop_trace;
	tr->current_trace_flags = nop_trace.flags;

	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tr->systems);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tr->events);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tr->hist_vars);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tr->err_log);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tr->tracers);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tr->marker_list);

#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tr->mod_events);
#endif

	if (allocate_trace_buffers(tr, trace_buf_size) < 0)
		goto out_free_tr;

	/* The ring buffer is defaultly expanded */
	trace_set_ring_buffer_expanded(tr);

	if (ftrace_allocate_ftrace_ops(tr) < 0)
		goto out_free_tr;

	trace_array_init_autoremove(tr);

	ftrace_init_trace_array(tr);

	init_trace_flags_index(tr);

	if (trace_instance_dir) {
		ret = trace_array_create_dir(tr);
		if (ret)
			goto out_free_tr;
	} else
		__trace_early_add_events(tr);

	list_add(&tr->list, &ftrace_trace_arrays);

	tr->ref++;

	return tr;

 out_free_tr:
	ftrace_free_ftrace_ops(tr);
	free_trace_buffers(tr);
	free_cpumask_var(tr->pipe_cpumask);
	free_cpumask_var(tr->tracing_cpumask);
	kfree_const(tr->system_names);
	kfree(tr->range_name);
	kfree(tr->name);
	kfree(tr);

	return ERR_PTR(ret);
}

static struct trace_array *trace_array_create(const char *name)
{
	return trace_array_create_systems(name, NULL, 0, 0);
}

static int instance_mkdir(const char *name)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;
	int ret;

	guard(mutex)(&event_mutex);
	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	ret = -EEXIST;
	if (trace_array_find(name))
		return -EEXIST;

	tr = trace_array_create(name);

	ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(tr);

	return ret;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
static u64 map_pages(unsigned long start, unsigned long size)
{
	unsigned long vmap_start, vmap_end;
	struct vm_struct *area;
	int ret;

	area = get_vm_area(size, VM_IOREMAP);
	if (!area)
		return 0;

	vmap_start = (unsigned long) area->addr;
	vmap_end = vmap_start + size;

	ret = vmap_page_range(vmap_start, vmap_end,
			      start, pgprot_nx(PAGE_KERNEL));
	if (ret < 0) {
		free_vm_area(area);
		return 0;
	}

	return (u64)vmap_start;
}
#else
static inline u64 map_pages(unsigned long start, unsigned long size)
{
	return 0;
}
#endif

/**
 * trace_array_get_by_name - Create/Lookup a trace array, given its name.
 * @name: The name of the trace array to be looked up/created.
 * @systems: A list of systems to create event directories for (NULL for all)
 *
 * Returns pointer to trace array with given name.
 * NULL, if it cannot be created.
 *
 * NOTE: This function increments the reference counter associated with the
 * trace array returned. This makes sure it cannot be freed while in use.
 * Use trace_array_put() once the trace array is no longer needed.
 * If the trace_array is to be freed, trace_array_destroy() needs to
 * be called after the trace_array_put(), or simply let user space delete
 * it from the tracefs instances directory. But until the
 * trace_array_put() is called, user space can not delete it.
 *
 */
struct trace_array *trace_array_get_by_name(const char *name, const char *systems)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;

	guard(mutex)(&event_mutex);
	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	list_for_each_entry(tr, &ftrace_trace_arrays, list) {
		if (tr->name && strcmp(tr->name, name) == 0) {
			/* if this fails, @tr is going to be removed. */
			if (__trace_array_get(tr) < 0)
				tr = NULL;
			return tr;
		}
	}

	tr = trace_array_create_systems(name, systems, 0, 0);

	if (IS_ERR(tr))
		tr = NULL;
	else
		tr->ref++;

	return tr;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(trace_array_get_by_name);

static int __remove_instance(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	int i;

	/* Reference counter for a newly created trace array = 1. */
	if (tr->ref > 1 || (tr->current_trace && tr->trace_ref))
		return -EBUSY;

	list_del(&tr->list);

	if (printk_trace == tr)
		update_printk_trace(&global_trace);

	/* Must be done before disabling all the flags */
	if (update_marker_trace(tr, 0))
		synchronize_rcu();

	/* Disable all the flags that were enabled coming in */
	for (i = 0; i < TRACE_FLAGS_MAX_SIZE; i++) {
		if ((1ULL << i) & ZEROED_TRACE_FLAGS)
			set_tracer_flag(tr, 1ULL << i, 0);
	}

	trace_array_cancel_autoremove(tr);
	tracing_set_nop(tr);
	clear_ftrace_function_probes(tr);
	event_trace_del_tracer(tr);
	ftrace_clear_pids(tr);
	ftrace_destroy_function_files(tr);
	tracefs_remove(tr->dir);
	free_percpu(tr->last_func_repeats);
	free_trace_buffers(tr);
	clear_tracing_err_log(tr);
	free_tracers(tr);

	if (tr->range_name) {
		reserve_mem_release_by_name(tr->range_name);
		kfree(tr->range_name);
	}
	if (tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_VMALLOC)
		vfree((void *)tr->range_addr_start);

	for (i = 0; i < tr->nr_topts; i++) {
		kfree(tr->topts[i].topts);
	}
	kfree(tr->topts);

	free_cpumask_var(tr->pipe_cpumask);
	free_cpumask_var(tr->tracing_cpumask);
	kfree_const(tr->system_names);
	kfree(tr->name);
	kfree(tr);

	return 0;
}

int trace_array_destroy(struct trace_array *this_tr)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;

	if (!this_tr)
		return -EINVAL;

	guard(mutex)(&event_mutex);
	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);


	/* Making sure trace array exists before destroying it. */
	list_for_each_entry(tr, &ftrace_trace_arrays, list) {
		if (tr == this_tr)
			return __remove_instance(tr);
	}

	return -ENODEV;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(trace_array_destroy);

static int instance_rmdir(const char *name)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;

	guard(mutex)(&event_mutex);
	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	tr = trace_array_find(name);
	if (!tr)
		return -ENODEV;

	return __remove_instance(tr);
}

static __init void create_trace_instances(struct dentry *d_tracer)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;

	trace_instance_dir = tracefs_create_instance_dir("instances", d_tracer,
							 instance_mkdir,
							 instance_rmdir);
	if (MEM_FAIL(!trace_instance_dir, "Failed to create instances directory\n"))
		return;

	guard(mutex)(&event_mutex);
	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	list_for_each_entry(tr, &ftrace_trace_arrays, list) {
		if (!tr->name)
			continue;
		if (MEM_FAIL(trace_array_create_dir(tr) < 0,
			     "Failed to create instance directory\n"))
			return;
	}
}

static void
init_tracer_tracefs(struct trace_array *tr, struct dentry *d_tracer)
{
	umode_t writable_mode = TRACE_MODE_WRITE;
	int cpu;

	if (trace_array_is_readonly(tr))
		writable_mode = TRACE_MODE_READ;

	trace_create_file("available_tracers", TRACE_MODE_READ, d_tracer,
			  tr, &show_traces_fops);

	trace_create_file("current_tracer", writable_mode, d_tracer,
			  tr, &set_tracer_fops);

	trace_create_file("tracing_cpumask", writable_mode, d_tracer,
			  tr, &tracing_cpumask_fops);

	/* Options are used for changing print-format even for readonly instance. */
	trace_create_file("trace_options", TRACE_MODE_WRITE, d_tracer,
			  tr, &tracing_iter_fops);

	trace_create_file("trace", TRACE_MODE_WRITE, d_tracer,
			  tr, &tracing_fops);

	trace_create_file("trace_pipe", TRACE_MODE_READ, d_tracer,
			  tr, &tracing_pipe_fops);

	trace_create_file("buffer_size_kb", writable_mode, d_tracer,
			  tr, &tracing_entries_fops);

	trace_create_file("buffer_total_size_kb", TRACE_MODE_READ, d_tracer,
			  tr, &tracing_total_entries_fops);

	trace_create_file("trace_clock", writable_mode, d_tracer, tr,
			  &trace_clock_fops);

	trace_create_file("timestamp_mode", TRACE_MODE_READ, d_tracer, tr,
			  &trace_time_stamp_mode_fops);

	tr->buffer_percent = 50;

	trace_create_file("buffer_subbuf_size_kb", writable_mode, d_tracer,
			  tr, &buffer_subbuf_size_fops);

	create_trace_options_dir(tr);

	if (tr->range_addr_start)
		trace_create_file("last_boot_info", TRACE_MODE_READ, d_tracer,
				  tr, &last_boot_fops);

	for_each_tracing_cpu(cpu)
		tracing_init_tracefs_percpu(tr, cpu);

	/* Read-only instance has above files only. */
	if (trace_array_is_readonly(tr))
		return;

	trace_create_file("free_buffer", 0200, d_tracer,
			  tr, &tracing_free_buffer_fops);

	trace_create_file("trace_marker", 0220, d_tracer,
			  tr, &tracing_mark_fops);

	tr->trace_marker_file = __find_event_file(tr, "ftrace", "print");

	trace_create_file("trace_marker_raw", 0220, d_tracer,
			  tr, &tracing_mark_raw_fops);

	trace_create_file("buffer_percent", TRACE_MODE_WRITE, d_tracer,
			  tr, &buffer_percent_fops);

	trace_create_file("syscall_user_buf_size", TRACE_MODE_WRITE, d_tracer,
			  tr, &tracing_syscall_buf_fops);

	trace_create_file("tracing_on", TRACE_MODE_WRITE, d_tracer,
			  tr, &rb_simple_fops);

	trace_create_maxlat_file(tr, d_tracer);

	if (ftrace_create_function_files(tr, d_tracer))
		MEM_FAIL(1, "Could not allocate function filter files");

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	if (!tr->range_addr_start)
		trace_create_file("snapshot", TRACE_MODE_WRITE, d_tracer,
				  tr, &snapshot_fops);
#endif

	trace_create_file("error_log", TRACE_MODE_WRITE, d_tracer,
			  tr, &tracing_err_log_fops);

	ftrace_init_tracefs(tr, d_tracer);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACEFS_AUTOMOUNT_DEPRECATED
static struct vfsmount *trace_automount(struct dentry *mntpt, void *ingore)
{
	struct vfsmount *mnt;
	struct file_system_type *type;
	struct fs_context *fc;
	int ret;

	/*
	 * To maintain backward compatibility for tools that mount
	 * debugfs to get to the tracing facility, tracefs is automatically
	 * mounted to the debugfs/tracing directory.
	 */
	type = get_fs_type("tracefs");
	if (!type)
		return NULL;

	fc = fs_context_for_submount(type, mntpt);
	put_filesystem(type);
	if (IS_ERR(fc))
		return ERR_CAST(fc);

	pr_warn("NOTICE: Automounting of tracing to debugfs is deprecated and will be removed in 2030\n");

	ret = vfs_parse_fs_string(fc, "source", "tracefs");
	if (!ret)
		mnt = fc_mount(fc);
	else
		mnt = ERR_PTR(ret);

	put_fs_context(fc);
	return mnt;
}
#endif

/**
 * tracing_init_dentry - initialize top level trace array
 *
 * This is called when creating files or directories in the tracing
 * directory. It is called via fs_initcall() by any of the boot up code
 * and expects to return the dentry of the top level tracing directory.
 */
int tracing_init_dentry(void)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = &global_trace;

	if (security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_TRACEFS)) {
		pr_warn("Tracing disabled due to lockdown\n");
		return -EPERM;
	}

	/* The top level trace array uses  NULL as parent */
	if (tr->dir)
		return 0;

	if (WARN_ON(!tracefs_initialized()))
		return -ENODEV;

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACEFS_AUTOMOUNT_DEPRECATED
	/*
	 * As there may still be users that expect the tracing
	 * files to exist in debugfs/tracing, we must automount
	 * the tracefs file system there, so older tools still
	 * work with the newer kernel.
	 */
	tr->dir = debugfs_create_automount("tracing", NULL,
					   trace_automount, NULL);
#endif

	return 0;
}

extern struct trace_eval_map *__start_ftrace_eval_maps[];
extern struct trace_eval_map *__stop_ftrace_eval_maps[];

struct workqueue_struct *trace_init_wq __initdata;
static struct work_struct eval_map_work __initdata;
static struct work_struct tracerfs_init_work __initdata;

static void __init eval_map_work_func(struct work_struct *work)
{
	int len;

	len = __stop_ftrace_eval_maps - __start_ftrace_eval_maps;
	trace_event_update_with_eval_map(NULL, __start_ftrace_eval_maps, len);
}

static int __init trace_eval_init(void)
{
	INIT_WORK(&eval_map_work, eval_map_work_func);

	trace_init_wq = alloc_workqueue("trace_init_wq", WQ_UNBOUND, 0);
	if (!trace_init_wq) {
		pr_err("Unable to allocate trace_init_wq\n");
		/* Do work here */
		eval_map_work_func(&eval_map_work);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	queue_work(trace_init_wq, &eval_map_work);
	return 0;
}

subsys_initcall(trace_eval_init);

static int __init trace_eval_sync(void)
{
	/* Make sure the eval map updates are finished */
	if (trace_init_wq)
		destroy_workqueue(trace_init_wq);
	return 0;
}

late_initcall_sync(trace_eval_sync);


#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES

bool module_exists(const char *module)
{
	/* All modules have the symbol __this_module */
	static const char this_mod[] = "__this_module";
	char modname[MODULE_NAME_LEN + sizeof(this_mod) + 2];
	unsigned long val;
	int n;

	n = snprintf(modname, sizeof(modname), "%s:%s", module, this_mod);

	if (n > sizeof(modname) - 1)
		return false;

	val = module_kallsyms_lookup_name(modname);
	return val != 0;
}

static void trace_module_add_evals(struct module *mod)
{
	/*
	 * Modules with bad taint do not have events created, do
	 * not bother with enums either.
	 */
	if (trace_module_has_bad_taint(mod))
		return;

	/* Even if no trace_evals, this need to sanitize field types. */
	trace_event_update_with_eval_map(mod, mod->trace_evals, mod->num_trace_evals);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_EVAL_MAP_FILE
static void trace_module_remove_evals(struct module *mod)
{
	union trace_eval_map_item *map;
	union trace_eval_map_item **last = &trace_eval_maps;

	if (!mod->num_trace_evals)
		return;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_eval_mutex);

	map = trace_eval_maps;

	while (map) {
		if (map->head.mod == mod)
			break;
		map = trace_eval_jmp_to_tail(map);
		last = &map->tail.next;
		map = map->tail.next;
	}
	if (!map)
		return;

	*last = trace_eval_jmp_to_tail(map)->tail.next;
	kfree(map);
}
#else
static inline void trace_module_remove_evals(struct module *mod) { }
#endif /* CONFIG_TRACE_EVAL_MAP_FILE */

static void trace_module_record(struct module *mod, bool add)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;
	unsigned long flags;

	guard(mutex)(&trace_types_lock);

	list_for_each_entry(tr, &ftrace_trace_arrays, list) {
		flags = tr->flags & (TRACE_ARRAY_FL_BOOT | TRACE_ARRAY_FL_LAST_BOOT);
		/* Update any persistent trace array that has already been started */
		if (flags == TRACE_ARRAY_FL_BOOT && add) {
			guard(mutex)(&scratch_mutex);
			save_mod(mod, tr);
		} else if (flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_LAST_BOOT) {
			/* Update delta if the module loaded in previous boot */
			make_mod_delta(mod, tr);
		}
	}
}

static int trace_module_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
			       unsigned long val, void *data)
{
	struct module *mod = data;

	switch (val) {
	case MODULE_STATE_COMING:
		trace_module_add_evals(mod);
		trace_module_record(mod, true);
		break;
	case MODULE_STATE_GOING:
		trace_module_remove_evals(mod);
		trace_module_record(mod, false);
		break;
	}

	return NOTIFY_OK;
}

static struct notifier_block trace_module_nb = {
	.notifier_call = trace_module_notify,
	.priority = 0,
};
#endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */

static __init void tracer_init_tracefs_work_func(struct work_struct *work)
{
	/*
	 * Do not attempt to initialize tracefs if tracing was disabled or
	 * failed to allocate
	 */
	if (tracing_disabled)
		return;

	event_trace_init();

	init_tracer_tracefs(&global_trace, NULL);
	ftrace_init_tracefs_toplevel(&global_trace, NULL);

	trace_create_file("tracing_thresh", TRACE_MODE_WRITE, NULL,
			&global_trace, &tracing_thresh_fops);

	trace_create_file("README", TRACE_MODE_READ, NULL,
			NULL, &tracing_readme_fops);

	trace_create_file("saved_cmdlines", TRACE_MODE_READ, NULL,
			NULL, &tracing_saved_cmdlines_fops);

	trace_create_file("saved_cmdlines_size", TRACE_MODE_WRITE, NULL,
			  NULL, &tracing_saved_cmdlines_size_fops);

	trace_create_file("saved_tgids", TRACE_MODE_READ, NULL,
			NULL, &tracing_saved_tgids_fops);

	trace_create_eval_file(NULL);

#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
	register_module_notifier(&trace_module_nb);
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
	trace_create_file("dyn_ftrace_total_info", TRACE_MODE_READ, NULL,
			NULL, &tracing_dyn_info_fops);
#endif

	create_trace_instances(NULL);

	update_tracer_options();
}

static __init int tracer_init_tracefs(void)
{
	int ret;

	trace_access_lock_init();

	ret = tracing_init_dentry();
	if (ret)
		return 0;

	if (trace_init_wq) {
		INIT_WORK(&tracerfs_init_work, tracer_init_tracefs_work_func);
		queue_work(trace_init_wq, &tracerfs_init_work);
	} else {
		tracer_init_tracefs_work_func(NULL);
	}

	if (rv_init_interface())
		pr_err("RV: Error while creating the RV interface\n");

	return 0;
}

fs_initcall(tracer_init_tracefs);

static int trace_die_panic_handler(struct notifier_block *self,
				unsigned long ev, void *unused);

static struct notifier_block trace_panic_notifier = {
	.notifier_call = trace_die_panic_handler,
	.priority = INT_MAX - 1,
};

static struct notifier_block trace_die_notifier = {
	.notifier_call = trace_die_panic_handler,
	.priority = INT_MAX - 1,
};

/*
 * The idea is to execute the following die/panic callback early, in order
 * to avoid showing irrelevant information in the trace (like other panic
 * notifier functions); we are the 2nd to run, after hung_task/rcu_stall
 * warnings get disabled (to prevent potential log flooding).
 */
static int trace_die_panic_handler(struct notifier_block *self,
				unsigned long ev, void *unused)
{
	if (!ftrace_dump_on_oops_enabled())
		return NOTIFY_DONE;

	/* The die notifier requires DIE_OOPS to trigger */
	if (self == &trace_die_notifier && ev != DIE_OOPS)
		return NOTIFY_DONE;

	ftrace_dump(DUMP_PARAM);

	return NOTIFY_DONE;
}

/*
 * printk is set to max of 1024, we really don't need it that big.
 * Nothing should be printing 1000 characters anyway.
 */
#define TRACE_MAX_PRINT		1000

/*
 * Define here KERN_TRACE so that we have one place to modify
 * it if we decide to change what log level the ftrace dump
 * should be at.
 */
#define KERN_TRACE		KERN_EMERG

void
trace_printk_seq(struct trace_seq *s)
{
	/* Probably should print a warning here. */
	if (s->seq.len >= TRACE_MAX_PRINT)
		s->seq.len = TRACE_MAX_PRINT;

	/*
	 * More paranoid code. Although the buffer size is set to
	 * PAGE_SIZE, and TRACE_MAX_PRINT is 1000, this is just
	 * an extra layer of protection.
	 */
	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(s->seq.len >= s->seq.size))
		s->seq.len = s->seq.size - 1;

	/* should be zero ended, but we are paranoid. */
	s->buffer[s->seq.len] = 0;

	printk(KERN_TRACE "%s", s->buffer);

	trace_seq_init(s);
}

static void trace_init_iter(struct trace_iterator *iter, struct trace_array *tr)
{
	iter->tr = tr;
	iter->trace = iter->tr->current_trace;
	iter->cpu_file = RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS;
	iter->array_buffer = &tr->array_buffer;

	if (iter->trace && iter->trace->open)
		iter->trace->open(iter);

	/* Annotate start of buffers if we had overruns */
	if (ring_buffer_overruns(iter->array_buffer->buffer))
		iter->iter_flags |= TRACE_FILE_ANNOTATE;

	/* Output in nanoseconds only if we are using a clock in nanoseconds. */
	if (trace_clocks[iter->tr->clock_id].in_ns)
		iter->iter_flags |= TRACE_FILE_TIME_IN_NS;

	/* Can not use kmalloc for iter.temp and iter.fmt */
	iter->temp = static_temp_buf;
	iter->temp_size = STATIC_TEMP_BUF_SIZE;
	iter->fmt = static_fmt_buf;
	iter->fmt_size = STATIC_FMT_BUF_SIZE;
}

void trace_init_global_iter(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	trace_init_iter(iter, &global_trace);
}

static void ftrace_dump_one(struct trace_array *tr, enum ftrace_dump_mode dump_mode)
{
	/* use static because iter can be a bit big for the stack */
	static struct trace_iterator iter;
	unsigned int old_userobj;
	unsigned long flags;
	int cnt = 0;

	/*
	 * Always turn off tracing when we dump.
	 * We don't need to show trace output of what happens
	 * between multiple crashes.
	 *
	 * If the user does a sysrq-z, then they can re-enable
	 * tracing with echo 1 > tracing_on.
	 */
	tracer_tracing_off(tr);

	local_irq_save(flags);

	/* Simulate the iterator */
	trace_init_iter(&iter, tr);

	/* While dumping, do not allow the buffer to be enable */
	tracer_tracing_disable(tr);

	old_userobj = tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER(SYM_USEROBJ);

	/* don't look at user memory in panic mode */
	tr->trace_flags &= ~TRACE_ITER(SYM_USEROBJ);

	if (dump_mode == DUMP_ORIG)
		iter.cpu_file = raw_smp_processor_id();
	else
		iter.cpu_file = RING_BUFFER_ALL_CPUS;

	if (tr == &global_trace)
		printk(KERN_TRACE "Dumping ftrace buffer:\n");
	else
		printk(KERN_TRACE "Dumping ftrace instance %s buffer:\n", tr->name);

	/* Did function tracer already get disabled? */
	if (ftrace_is_dead()) {
		printk("# WARNING: FUNCTION TRACING IS CORRUPTED\n");
		printk("#          MAY BE MISSING FUNCTION EVENTS\n");
	}

	/*
	 * We need to stop all tracing on all CPUS to read
	 * the next buffer. This is a bit expensive, but is
	 * not done often. We fill all what we can read,
	 * and then release the locks again.
	 */

	while (!trace_empty(&iter)) {

		if (!cnt)
			printk(KERN_TRACE "---------------------------------\n");

		cnt++;

		trace_iterator_reset(&iter);
		iter.iter_flags |= TRACE_FILE_LAT_FMT;

		if (trace_find_next_entry_inc(&iter) != NULL) {
			int ret;

			ret = print_trace_line(&iter);
			if (ret != TRACE_TYPE_NO_CONSUME)
				trace_consume(&iter);

			trace_printk_seq(&iter.seq);
		}
		touch_nmi_watchdog();
	}

	if (!cnt)
		printk(KERN_TRACE "   (ftrace buffer empty)\n");
	else
		printk(KERN_TRACE "---------------------------------\n");

	tr->trace_flags |= old_userobj;

	tracer_tracing_enable(tr);
	local_irq_restore(flags);
}

static void ftrace_dump_by_param(void)
{
	bool first_param = true;
	char dump_param[MAX_TRACER_SIZE];
	char *buf, *token, *inst_name;
	struct trace_array *tr;

	strscpy(dump_param, ftrace_dump_on_oops, MAX_TRACER_SIZE);
	buf = dump_param;

	while ((token = strsep(&buf, ",")) != NULL) {
		if (first_param) {
			first_param = false;
			if (!strcmp("0", token))
				continue;
			else if (!strcmp("1", token)) {
				ftrace_dump_one(&global_trace, DUMP_ALL);
				continue;
			}
			else if (!strcmp("2", token) ||
			  !strcmp("orig_cpu", token)) {
				ftrace_dump_one(&global_trace, DUMP_ORIG);
				continue;
			}
		}

		inst_name = strsep(&token, "=");
		tr = trace_array_find(inst_name);
		if (!tr) {
			printk(KERN_TRACE "Instance %s not found\n", inst_name);
			continue;
		}

		if (token && (!strcmp("2", token) ||
			  !strcmp("orig_cpu", token)))
			ftrace_dump_one(tr, DUMP_ORIG);
		else
			ftrace_dump_one(tr, DUMP_ALL);
	}
}

void ftrace_dump(enum ftrace_dump_mode oops_dump_mode)
{
	static atomic_t dump_running;

	/* Only allow one dump user at a time. */
	if (atomic_inc_return(&dump_running) != 1) {
		atomic_dec(&dump_running);
		return;
	}

	switch (oops_dump_mode) {
	case DUMP_ALL:
		ftrace_dump_one(&global_trace, DUMP_ALL);
		break;
	case DUMP_ORIG:
		ftrace_dump_one(&global_trace, DUMP_ORIG);
		break;
	case DUMP_PARAM:
		ftrace_dump_by_param();
		break;
	case DUMP_NONE:
		break;
	default:
		printk(KERN_TRACE "Bad dumping mode, switching to all CPUs dump\n");
		ftrace_dump_one(&global_trace, DUMP_ALL);
	}

	atomic_dec(&dump_running);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ftrace_dump);

#define WRITE_BUFSIZE  4096

ssize_t trace_parse_run_command(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer,
				size_t count, loff_t *ppos,
				int (*createfn)(const char *))
{
	char *kbuf __free(kfree) = NULL;
	char *buf, *tmp;
	int ret = 0;
	size_t done = 0;
	size_t size;

	kbuf = kmalloc(WRITE_BUFSIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!kbuf)
		return -ENOMEM;

	while (done < count) {
		size = count - done;

		if (size >= WRITE_BUFSIZE)
			size = WRITE_BUFSIZE - 1;

		if (copy_from_user(kbuf, buffer + done, size))
			return -EFAULT;

		kbuf[size] = '\0';
		buf = kbuf;
		do {
			tmp = strchr(buf, '\n');
			if (tmp) {
				*tmp = '\0';
				size = tmp - buf + 1;
			} else {
				size = strlen(buf);
				if (done + size < count) {
					if (buf != kbuf)
						break;
					/* This can accept WRITE_BUFSIZE - 2 ('\n' + '\0') */
					pr_warn("Line length is too long: Should be less than %d\n",
						WRITE_BUFSIZE - 2);
					return -EINVAL;
				}
			}
			done += size;

			/* Remove comments */
			tmp = strchr(buf, '#');

			if (tmp)
				*tmp = '\0';

			ret = createfn(buf);
			if (ret)
				return ret;
			buf += size;

		} while (done < count);
	}
	return done;
}

__init static int backup_instance_area(const char *backup,
				       unsigned long *addr, phys_addr_t *size)
{
	struct trace_array *backup_tr;
	void *allocated_vaddr = NULL;

	backup_tr = trace_array_get_by_name(backup, NULL);
	if (!backup_tr) {
		pr_warn("Tracing: Instance %s is not found.\n", backup);
		return -ENOENT;
	}

	if (!(backup_tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_BOOT)) {
		pr_warn("Tracing: Instance %s is not boot mapped.\n", backup);
		trace_array_put(backup_tr);
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	*size = backup_tr->range_addr_size;

	allocated_vaddr = vzalloc(*size);
	if (!allocated_vaddr) {
		pr_warn("Tracing: Failed to allocate memory for copying instance %s (size 0x%lx)\n",
			backup, (unsigned long)*size);
		trace_array_put(backup_tr);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	memcpy(allocated_vaddr,
		(void *)backup_tr->range_addr_start, (size_t)*size);
	*addr = (unsigned long)allocated_vaddr;

	trace_array_put(backup_tr);
	return 0;
}

__init static void enable_instances(void)
{
	struct trace_array *tr;
	bool memmap_area = false;
	char *curr_str;
	char *name;
	char *str;
	char *tok;

	/* A tab is always appended */
	boot_instance_info[boot_instance_index - 1] = '\0';
	str = boot_instance_info;

	while ((curr_str = strsep(&str, "\t"))) {
		phys_addr_t start = 0;
		phys_addr_t size = 0;
		unsigned long addr = 0;
		bool traceprintk = false;
		bool traceoff = false;
		char *flag_delim;
		char *addr_delim;
		char *rname __free(kfree) = NULL;
		char *backup;

		tok = strsep(&curr_str, ",");

		name = strsep(&tok, "=");
		backup = tok;

		flag_delim = strchr(name, '^');
		addr_delim = strchr(name, '@');

		if (addr_delim)
			*addr_delim++ = '\0';

		if (flag_delim)
			*flag_delim++ = '\0';

		if (trace_array_find(name)) {
			pr_warn("Tracing: Instance %s already exists\n", name);
			continue;
		}

		if (backup) {
			if (backup_instance_area(backup, &addr, &size) < 0)
				continue;
		}

		if (flag_delim) {
			char *flag;

			while ((flag = strsep(&flag_delim, "^"))) {
				if (strcmp(flag, "traceoff") == 0) {
					traceoff = true;
				} else if ((strcmp(flag, "printk") == 0) ||
					   (strcmp(flag, "traceprintk") == 0) ||
					   (strcmp(flag, "trace_printk") == 0)) {
					traceprintk = true;
				} else {
					pr_info("Tracing: Invalid instance flag '%s' for %s\n",
						flag, name);
				}
			}
		}

		tok = addr_delim;
		if (tok && isdigit(*tok)) {
			start = memparse(tok, &tok);
			if (!start) {
				pr_warn("Tracing: Invalid boot instance address for %s\n",
					name);
				continue;
			}
			if (*tok != ':') {
				pr_warn("Tracing: No size specified for instance %s\n", name);
				continue;
			}
			tok++;
			size = memparse(tok, &tok);
			if (!size) {
				pr_warn("Tracing: Invalid boot instance size for %s\n",
					name);
				continue;
			}
			memmap_area = true;
		} else if (tok) {
			if (!reserve_mem_find_by_name(tok, &start, &size)) {
				start = 0;
				pr_warn("Failed to map boot instance %s to %s\n", name, tok);
				continue;
			}
			rname = kstrdup(tok, GFP_KERNEL);
		}

		if (start) {
			/* Start and size must be page aligned */
			if (start & ~PAGE_MASK) {
				pr_warn("Tracing: mapping start addr %pa is not page aligned\n", &start);
				continue;
			}
			if (size & ~PAGE_MASK) {
				pr_warn("Tracing: mapping size %pa is not page aligned\n", &size);
				continue;
			}

			if (memmap_area)
				addr = map_pages(start, size);
			else
				addr = (unsigned long)phys_to_virt(start);
			if (addr) {
				pr_info("Tracing: mapped boot instance %s at physical memory %pa of size 0x%lx\n",
					name, &start, (unsigned long)size);
			} else {
				pr_warn("Tracing: Failed to map boot instance %s\n", name);
				continue;
			}
		} else {
			/* Only non mapped buffers have snapshot buffers */
			do_allocate_snapshot(name);
		}

		tr = trace_array_create_systems(name, NULL, addr, size);
		if (IS_ERR(tr)) {
			pr_warn("Tracing: Failed to create instance buffer '%s' (%ld)\n", name,
				PTR_ERR(tr));
			continue;
		}

		if (traceoff)
			tracer_tracing_off(tr);

		if (traceprintk)
			update_printk_trace(tr);

		/*
		 * memmap'd buffers can not be freed.
		 */
		if (memmap_area) {
			tr->flags |= TRACE_ARRAY_FL_MEMMAP;
			tr->ref++;
		}

		/*
		 * Backup buffers can be freed but need vfree().
		 */
		if (backup) {
			tr->flags |= TRACE_ARRAY_FL_VMALLOC | TRACE_ARRAY_FL_RDONLY;
			trace_array_start_autoremove();
		}

		if (start || backup) {
			tr->flags |= TRACE_ARRAY_FL_BOOT | TRACE_ARRAY_FL_LAST_BOOT;
			tr->range_name = no_free_ptr(rname);
		}

		/*
		 * Save the events to start and enabled them after all boot instances
		 * have been created.
		 */
		tr->boot_events = curr_str;
	}

	/* Enable the events after all boot instances have been created */
	list_for_each_entry(tr, &ftrace_trace_arrays, list) {

		if (!tr->boot_events || !(*tr->boot_events)) {
			tr->boot_events = NULL;
			continue;
		}

		curr_str = tr->boot_events;

		/* Clear the instance if this is a persistent buffer */
		if (tr->flags & TRACE_ARRAY_FL_LAST_BOOT)
			update_last_data(tr);

		while ((tok = strsep(&curr_str, ","))) {
			early_enable_events(tr, tok, true);
		}
		tr->boot_events = NULL;
	}
}

__init static int tracer_alloc_buffers(void)
{
	unsigned long ring_buf_size;
	int ret = -ENOMEM;


	if (security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_TRACEFS)) {
		pr_warn("Tracing disabled due to lockdown\n");
		return -EPERM;
	}

	/*
	 * Make sure we don't accidentally add more trace options
	 * than we have bits for.
	 */
	BUILD_BUG_ON(TRACE_ITER_LAST_BIT > TRACE_FLAGS_MAX_SIZE);

	if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&tracing_buffer_mask, GFP_KERNEL))
		return -ENOMEM;

	if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&global_trace.tracing_cpumask, GFP_KERNEL))
		goto out_free_buffer_mask;

	/* Only allocate trace_printk buffers if a trace_printk exists */
	if (&__stop___trace_bprintk_fmt != &__start___trace_bprintk_fmt)
		/* Must be called before global_trace.buffer is allocated */
		trace_printk_init_buffers();

	/* To save memory, keep the ring buffer size to its minimum */
	if (global_trace.ring_buffer_expanded)
		ring_buf_size = trace_buf_size;
	else
		ring_buf_size = 1;

	cpumask_copy(tracing_buffer_mask, cpu_possible_mask);
	cpumask_copy(global_trace.tracing_cpumask, cpu_all_mask);

	raw_spin_lock_init(&global_trace.start_lock);

	/*
	 * The prepare callbacks allocates some memory for the ring buffer. We
	 * don't free the buffer if the CPU goes down. If we were to free
	 * the buffer, then the user would lose any trace that was in the
	 * buffer. The memory will be removed once the "instance" is removed.
	 */
	ret = cpuhp_setup_state_multi(CPUHP_TRACE_RB_PREPARE,
				      "trace/RB:prepare", trace_rb_cpu_prepare,
				      NULL);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out_free_cpumask;
	/* Used for event triggers */
	ret = -ENOMEM;
	temp_buffer = ring_buffer_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, RB_FL_OVERWRITE);
	if (!temp_buffer)
		goto out_rm_hp_state;

	if (trace_create_savedcmd() < 0)
		goto out_free_temp_buffer;

	if (!zalloc_cpumask_var(&global_trace.pipe_cpumask, GFP_KERNEL))
		goto out_free_savedcmd;

	/* TODO: make the number of buffers hot pluggable with CPUS */
	if (allocate_trace_buffers(&global_trace, ring_buf_size) < 0) {
		MEM_FAIL(1, "tracer: failed to allocate ring buffer!\n");
		goto out_free_pipe_cpumask;
	}
	if (global_trace.buffer_disabled)
		tracing_off();

	if (trace_boot_clock) {
		ret = tracing_set_clock(&global_trace, trace_boot_clock);
		if (ret < 0)
			pr_warn("Trace clock %s not defined, going back to default\n",
				trace_boot_clock);
	}

	/*
	 * register_tracer() might reference current_trace, so it
	 * needs to be set before we register anything. This is
	 * just a bootstrap of current_trace anyway.
	 */
	global_trace.current_trace = &nop_trace;
	global_trace.current_trace_flags = nop_trace.flags;

	global_trace.max_lock = (arch_spinlock_t)__ARCH_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACER_SNAPSHOT
	spin_lock_init(&global_trace.snapshot_trigger_lock);
#endif
	ftrace_init_global_array_ops(&global_trace);

#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&global_trace.mod_events);
#endif

	init_trace_flags_index(&global_trace);

	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&global_trace.tracers);

	/* All seems OK, enable tracing */
	tracing_disabled = 0;

	atomic_notifier_chain_register(&panic_notifier_list,
				       &trace_panic_notifier);

	register_die_notifier(&trace_die_notifier);

	global_trace.flags = TRACE_ARRAY_FL_GLOBAL;

	global_trace.syscall_buf_sz = syscall_buf_size;

	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&global_trace.systems);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&global_trace.events);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&global_trace.hist_vars);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&global_trace.err_log);
	list_add(&global_trace.marker_list, &marker_copies);
	list_add(&global_trace.list, &ftrace_trace_arrays);

	register_tracer(&nop_trace);

	/* Function tracing may start here (via kernel command line) */
	init_function_trace();

	apply_trace_boot_options();

	register_snapshot_cmd();

	return 0;

out_free_pipe_cpumask:
	free_cpumask_var(global_trace.pipe_cpumask);
out_free_savedcmd:
	trace_free_saved_cmdlines_buffer();
out_free_temp_buffer:
	ring_buffer_free(temp_buffer);
out_rm_hp_state:
	cpuhp_remove_multi_state(CPUHP_TRACE_RB_PREPARE);
out_free_cpumask:
	free_cpumask_var(global_trace.tracing_cpumask);
out_free_buffer_mask:
	free_cpumask_var(tracing_buffer_mask);
	return ret;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER
/* Used to set module cached ftrace filtering at boot up */
struct trace_array *trace_get_global_array(void)
{
	return &global_trace;
}
#endif

void __init early_trace_init(void)
{
	if (tracepoint_printk) {
		tracepoint_print_iter = kzalloc_obj(*tracepoint_print_iter);
		if (MEM_FAIL(!tracepoint_print_iter,
			     "Failed to allocate trace iterator\n"))
			tracepoint_printk = 0;
		else
			static_key_enable(&tracepoint_printk_key.key);
	}
	tracer_alloc_buffers();

	init_events();
}

void __init trace_init(void)
{
	trace_event_init();

	if (boot_instance_index)
		enable_instances();
}

__init static void clear_boot_tracer(void)
{
	/*
	 * The default tracer at boot buffer is an init section.
	 * This function is called in lateinit. If we did not
	 * find the boot tracer, then clear it out, to prevent
	 * later registration from accessing the buffer that is
	 * about to be freed.
	 */
	if (!default_bootup_tracer)
		return;

	printk(KERN_INFO "ftrace bootup tracer '%s' not registered.\n",
	       default_bootup_tracer);
	default_bootup_tracer = NULL;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK
__init static void tracing_set_default_clock(void)
{
	/* sched_clock_stable() is determined in late_initcall */
	if (!trace_boot_clock && !sched_clock_stable()) {
		if (security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_TRACEFS)) {
			pr_warn("Can not set tracing clock due to lockdown\n");
			return;
		}

		printk(KERN_WARNING
		       "Unstable clock detected, switching default tracing clock to \"global\"\n"
		       "If you want to keep using the local clock, then add:\n"
		       "  \"trace_clock=local\"\n"
		       "on the kernel command line\n");
		tracing_set_clock(&global_trace, "global");
	}
}
#else
static inline void tracing_set_default_clock(void) { }
#endif

__init static int late_trace_init(void)
{
	if (tracepoint_printk && tracepoint_printk_stop_on_boot) {
		static_key_disable(&tracepoint_printk_key.key);
		tracepoint_printk = 0;
	}

	if (traceoff_after_boot)
		tracing_off();

	tracing_set_default_clock();
	clear_boot_tracer();
	return 0;
}

late_initcall_sync(late_trace_init);